常熟市2014高考英閱讀理解語一輪（暑假）訓練題（2）及答案Skeptics are a stange lot. Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the enviroment, and they are tired of people who disagree with them. Those people, say skeptics, spread nothing but bad news about the environment. The “eco-guilt” brought on by the discouraging news about our planet gives rise to the popularity of skeptics as people search for more comforting worldviews.Perhaps that explain why a new book by Bjorn Lomborg received so much publicity. That book, The Skeptical Environmentalist, declares that it measures the “real state of the world” as fine. Of course, another explanation is the deep pockets some big businesses with special intererts. Indeed, Mr. Lomborgs views are similar to those of some Industry-funded organizations, which start huge activities though the media to confuse the public about issues like global warming.So it was strange to see Mr. Lomborgs book go largely unchallenged in the media though his beliefs were contrary to most scientific opinions. One national newspaper in Canada ran a number of articles and reviews full of words of praise, even with the conclusion that “After Lomborg, the environmental movement will begin to die down.”Such one-sided views should have immediately been challenged. But only a different review appeared in Nature, a respected science magazine with specific readership. The review remarked that Mr. Lomborgs “preference for unexamined materials is incredible (不可信的)”。A critical (批判的) eye is valuable, and the media should present information in such a way that could allow people to make informed decisions. Unfortunately, that is often inaccessible as blocked by the desire to be shocking or to defend some special interests. People might become half-blind before a world partially exhibited by the media. Thats a shame, because matters concerning the health of the planet are far too important to be treated lightly.72. According to the passage, which of the following may be regarded as “skeptics”?A. People who agree on the popularity of “eco-guilt”.B. People who disbelieve the serious situation of our planet.C. People who dislike the harmful effect of human activities.D. People who spread comforting news to protect our environment.73. Which of the following can be a reason for the popularity of Lomborgs books?A. Some big businesses intend to protect their own interests. B. The book challenges views about the fine state of the wirld.C. The author convinces people to seek comforting worldviews.D. Industryfunded media present confusing information.74. The author mentioned the review in Nature in order to_.A. voice a different opinionB. find fault with Lomborgs book C. challenge the authority of the mediaD. point out the value of scientific views.75. What is the authors main purpose in writing the passage?A. To encourage the skeptics to have a critical eye.B. To warn the public of the danger of halfblindness with reviews.C. To blame the medias lack of responsibility in presenting information.D. To show the importance of presenting overall information by the media.參考答案 BAAD*結束Exercise, such as walking, can reduce the risk of diabetes （糖尿?。?in people whose blood sugar is starting to riseThat outcome was shown in a large studyDespite trying hard, those who dieted and worked out lost very little weightBut they did manage to maintain a regular walking program, and fewer of them went on to develop diabetesExercise also may reduce the risk of heart diseaseThere seems to be some effect: Most of the heart protection appears to be realized by walking regularlyMore intense exercise has been shown to provide only slightly greater benefitsActive people are much less likely to smoke; theyre thinner and they eat differently than people who are less activeThey also tend to be more educated, and education is one of the strongest predictors of good health in general and a longer lifeAs a result, it is impossible to know with confidence whether exercise prevents heart disease or whether people who are less likely to get heart disease are also more likely to be exercisingStill, in rigorous studies in which elderly people were assigned either to exercise or maintain their normal routine, the exercisers were less likely to fall, perhaps because they got stronger or developed better balanceExercise may prevent broken bonesbut only indirectlyAnd what about weight loss? Lifting weights builds muscles but will not make you burn more caloriesJack Wilmore, an exercise physiologist at Texas A & M University, calculated that the average amount of muscle that men gained after a serious 12-week weight-lifting program was 2 kilograms, or 44 poundsThat added muscle would increase the metabolic rate （代謝率） by only 24 calories a dayExercise alone, in the absence of weight loss, has not been shown to reduce blood pressureNor does it make much difference in cholesterol （膽固醇） levelsWeight loss can lower blood pressure and cholesterol levels, but if you want to lose weight, you have to diet as well as exerciseExercise alone has not been shown to bring sustained weight lossJust ask Steven Blair, an exercise researcher at the University of South CarolinaHe runs every day and even runs marathonsBut, he adds, “I was short, fat and bald when I started running, and Im still short, fat and baldWeight control is difficult for meI fight the losing battle”The difficulty, DrBlair says, is that its much easier to eat 1,000 calories than to burn off 1,000 calories with exerciseAs he relates, “An old football coach used to say, I have all my assistants running five miles a day, but they eat 10 miles a day”5In the case of Steven Blair, running does _ to his weight controlAlittleBmuchCgoodDharm6The last paragraph of the text tells us that the problem is that people tend to _?Aburn off 1,000 calories in a dayBuse more energy than they getCget more energy than they useDrun five miles in a football game7Which of the following is true according to the text?AExercise can certainly prevent heart diseaseBExercise alone can not reduce blood pressureCLifting weight can directly prevent broken bonesDWalking can not reduce blood sugar in people8According to the text, the more educated one is, the _Aless exercise one will takeBstronger and thinner one will beCmore cigarettes one will smokeDhealthier one will generally be參考答案 5-8 ACBD *結束閱讀下列短文，從每小題所給的四選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。AMy friends, Emma Daniels, spent the summer of 1974 traveling in Israel. During her monthlong stay in Jerusalem she often went to a café called Chocolate Soup. It was run by two men, one of whom Alex used to live in Montreal. One morning when Emma went in for coffee, while chatting with her new friend Alex, she mentioned that she had just finished the book she was reading and had nothing else to read. Alex said he had a wonderful book she might like, and that hed be happy to lend it to her. As he lived just above the café, he quickly ran up to get it. The book he handed to Emma just minutes later was Markings, a book by a former Secretary-General of the United Nations (UN).Emma had never read it, nor had she ever bought a copy. But, when she openedIt up, she was floored to see her own name and address inside the cover in her own handwriting（筆跡）.It turned out that the summer before, at a concert back in Montreal, Emma had met a Californian who was in town visiting friends. They decided to exchange（交換）addresses, but neither of them had any paper. The man opened up a book he was carrying in his backpack(背包) and asked Emma to write her name and address inside. When he returned to California, he left the book behind in Montreal, and his friend Alex kept it. When Alex later moved to Jerusalcm, he took the book along.1. Alex lent Emma the book, Markings, .A. to show his friendliness to herB. to show his interest in readingC. to tell her about the importance of UND. to let her write her name and address inside2. How did Emma feel the moment she opened the book? A. Pleased. B. Satisfied. C. Worried. D. Surprised.3. We can learn from the text the Californian . A. met Emma at a concert B. invited Emma to a concert C. introduced Emma to his friend D. left Emma his backpack4. Who was supposed to be the first owner of the book? A. An official of the UN. B. A coffee shop owner. C. A friend of the authors. D. Alexs friend from California.1-4ADAD*結束 BMay: Happenings from the PastMay 5, 1884Isaac Murphy, son of a slave and perhaps the greatest horse rider in American history, rides Buchanan to win his first Kentucky Derby. He becomes the first rider ever to win the race three times.May 9, 1754Benijamin Franklins Pennsylvania Gazette produces perhaps the first American political cartoon(漫畫)，showing a snake cut in pieces with the words “John or Die ” printed under the picture.May 11, 1934The first great dust storm of the Great Plains Dust Bowl, the result of years of drought(干旱)，blows topsoil all the way to New York City and Washington, D.C.May 19, 1994Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy Onassis, former first lady and one of the most famous people of the 1960s, died of cancer in New York City at the age of 64.May 24,1844Samuel F.B. Morse taps out the first message, “What hath God wrought,” over the experimental long-distance telegraph line which runs from Washington,D.C., to Baltimore, Md.5. We know from the text that Buchanan is .A. Isaacs father B. a winning horse C. a slave taking care of horse D. the first racing horse in Kentucky6. What is the title of the first American political cartoon? A. Join or Die B. Pennsylvania GazetteC. What Hath God Wrought D. Kentucky Derby7. In which year did the former first lady Jacqueline die? A. 1934 B.1960 C. 1964 D. 19948. Which of the following places has to do with the first telegram in history? A. Washing, D.C. B. New York City. C. Kentucky. D. Pennsylvania.58、BADA *結束C When I learned that my 71-year-old mother was playing Scrabble a word game against herself, I knew I had to do something. My husband suggested we give her a computer to play against. I wasnt sure my mother was ready for it. After all, it had taken 10 years to persuade her to buy an electric cooker. Even so, we packed up our old computer and delivered it to my parents home. And so began my mothers adventure in the world of computers. It also marked the beginning of an unusual teaching task for me. Ive taught people of all ages, but I never thought I would be teaching my mother how to do anything. She has been the one teaching me all my life: to cool and sew; to enjoy the good times and put up with the bad. Now it was my turn to give something back. It wasnt easy at the beginning. There was so much to explain and to introduce. Slowly but surely, my mother caught on, making notes in a little notebook. After a few months of Scrabble and other games, I decided it was time to introduce her to word processing(文字處理). This proved to be a bigger challenge(挑戰(zhàn)) to her, so I gave her some homework I asked her to write me a letter, using different letter types, colors and spaces. “Are you this demanding with your kindergarten pupils?” she asked. “No, of course not,” I said. “They already know how to use a computer.” My mother isnt the only one experiencing a fast personal growth period. Thanks to the computer, my father has finally got over his phone allergy(過敏反應). For as long as I can remember, any time I called, my mother would answer. Dad and I have had more phone conversations in the last two months than weve had in the past 20 years. 9. What does the author do? A. She is a cook. B. She is a teacher. C. She is a housewife. D. She is a computer engineer.10. The author decided to give her mother a computer . A. to let her have more chances to write letters B. to support her in doing her homework C. to help her through the bad times D. to make her life more enjoyable11. The author asked her mother to write her a letter . A. because her mother had stopped using the telephone B. because she wanted to keep in touch with her mother C. so that her mother could practice what she had learned D. so that mother could be free from housework12. After the computer was brought home, the authors father . A. lost interest in cooking B. took more phone calls C. played more games D. began to use it912、BDCB *結束