常熟市2014高考英閱讀理解語一輪（暑假）訓練題（1）及答案 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A，B，C， D ）中，選出最佳選項。 A Recent studies suggest that family arrangements in Western societies have not changed as much in the last few centuries as is generally believed. Yet most sociologists agree that in modern societies, there are fewer opportunities for friendship and support from relatives. Parents and children often live apart from other relatives, and seldom visit them. Also, the family moves when a parent accepts a job in another place or when it decides to live in a better neighbourhood. Together, loneliness and mobility (遷移) force immediate family members to depend heavily on one another for affection and companionship. Because the family is one of the few ongoing sources of affection and companionship in modern societies, a high percentage of people continue to marry, even though it is possible for a single man and woman to live together without marrying. On the other hand, because affection and companionship have become so important, families are more likely to break up if the husband’s or wife’s emotional (情感的) needs are not met within the family circle—even if all other family functions (功能) are being satisfactorily performed, and in this sense, affection and companionship have become the touchstone of the modern family. 1. It is generally believed that ___________. A. many people spend their lives in familiar communities B. a person can easily get in touch with relatives in times of difficulty C. the organization of the family has changed a great deal D. Western societies have not changed much in the past few years 2. Sociological studies show that ______________. A. the more the family moves, the less support it gets from its distant relatives B. parents and children live together to make up for the lack of relatives outside the family C. family arrangements have changed and so there is little need for companion of relatives D. family members are separated from each other because of lack of support from relatives 3. The underlined word in the last paragraph may be replaced by “___________”. A. result B. trouble C. function D. standard 4. In the last paragraph, the writer mainly wants to say ___________. A. affection and companionship are important for the family and they can be gained from nowhere but the family B. affection and companionship can come from the family and at the same time safeguard the family C. there are few ways to gain affection and companionship but the best way to get them is from the family D. in modern societies a lot of families break up and it’s just for the lack of affection and companionship 參考答案CADB **********************************************結(jié)束 （201*·天津卷）C An idea that started in Seattle's public library has spread throughout America and beyond. The concept is simple: help to build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same tome. In addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit (追求) to be enjoyed by all, the program allows strangers to communicate by discussing the book on the bus, as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schools. The idea came from Seattle librarian Nancy Pearl who launched (發(fā)起）the "If All of Seattle Read the Same Book " project in 1998. Her original program used author visits,study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has since expanded to many other American cities, and even to Hong kong. In Chicago, the mayor(市長）appeared on television to announce the choice of To Kill a Mockingbird as the first book in the "One Book, One Chicago" program. As a result, reading clubs and neighbourhood groups sprang up around the city. Across the US, stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plot and character. The only problem arose in New York ,where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population. This may show that the idea works best in medium-sized cities or large towns,where a greater sense of unity(一致）can be achieved .Or it may show that New Yorkers rather missed the point ,putting all their energy And passion into the choice of the book rather than discussion about a book itself. Ultinatel was Nancy points out,the level of sucicess is not meastured by how many people read a book,but by how many people are enriched by the process.or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word. 46.What is the purpose of the project launched by Nancy? A.To invite authors to guide readers. B.To encourage people to read and share. C.To involve people in communnity service. D.To promote the friendship between cities. 47.Why was it difficult for New Yorkers to carry out the projict? A.They had little interest in reading. B.They were too busy to read a book. C.They came from many different backgrounds D.They lacked support from the locat government 48.According to the passage,where would the project be more easily carried out? A.In large communities with little sense of unity B.In large cities where libraries are far from home C.In medium-sized cities with a diverse population D.In large towns where agreement can be quickly reached 49.The underlined words“shared a word”in Paragraph 5 probably mean A.exchanged ideas with each other B.discussed the meaning of a word C.gamed life experience D.used the same language 50.According to Nacy,the degree of students of the project is judged by A. the careful selection of a proper book B. the growing popularity of the writers C.the number of people who benefit from reading. D.the number of books that each person reads. 參考答案 BCDAC **********************************************************結(jié)束 The science of physics today is as current as the morning newspaper. Indeed, as a result of new advances in physics and their rapid application to inventions designed to satisfy man’s wants, the world itself has been changing rapidly. Space technology, industrial technology, and the technology of the home, the farm, the office, the bank, and the department store have all been revolutionized. Clearly, every grown up today would understand the world he lives in much better if he knew something about physics. Whether it be Congress(美國國會) voting huge sums of money for new warships, space exploration, or atomic energy；the office staff learning to use a new computer；son Bobby wanting to know about going to the moon；or the housewife learning to operate a new electric stove physics seems to be everywhere. Teachers in thousands of schoolrooms in America are trying to communicate some of the excitement and importance of these new developments to their students. They know that some of their eager students will someday be scientists and will them selves then contribute(貢獻) to the development of new knowledge or its application to new things. But in any case, they can be sure that if they bring a knowledge of science(any science) to their students in meaningful and stimulating ways, they have contributed much to helping each one live a more meaningful life. 13．The application of new advances in physics to inventions ________ . A．may solve all the problems in teaching B．can help people understand the meaning of life C．is intended to meet people's needs D．makes people understand the voting rules of the Congress 14．According to the passage, many American teachers are making efforts to do all of the following EXCEPT ________. A．a(chǎn)rousing (激起) their students’ interest in physics B．making their students understand the importance of physics C．giving their students the information of new advances in science D．creating excitement about physical education among their students 15．The word “themselves” in the third paragraph refers to ________ . A．some of the eager students B．the students in the classroom C．the teachers giving lessons D．a(chǎn)ll the scientists in physics 16．The first two paragraphs of the passage mainly tell us about ________ . A．new advances in physics can result in new inventions B．physics is widely used in our life C．the world has been changing rapidly D．space and industrial technology have all been revolutionized. 13—16、 CDB B ********************************************************結(jié)束 What do you see from a handful of seeds? Some see green plants, some see blooming flowers, or just seeds. But one group of Shanghai students saw an opportunity to make money. Eight students from No 2 Secondary School Attached to East China Normal University started a virtual（虛擬的）company selling different seeds and seed products. They successfully sold 28 pictures pasted with different seeds at a campus auction（拍賣）a week ago. The company, which has recruited around 20 student staff members, has earned over 2000 yuan in the past three months. “We donated part of the money to a poor school in the countryside of Anhui Province. It's great to realize our ideal of ‘spreading love and culture with seeds’ after many tests and lots of hard work，” said Senior 2 Shi Chen, CEO of the company. Just like any other company, Shi's didn't develop smoothly. Shi and her young colleagues（同事）used to sell fresh flowers and old books, and later found seeds might be something that their company could engage in. They bought seeds of various plants and flowers at low prices from a local farm and sold them in schools or on streets. The creative students also made accessories and pictures with different seeds. With little business knowledge, the students had to learn new skills as the leaders of different departments, such as public relations （PR）, sales and marketing. They persuaded a joint Sino-French company near their school to give them training in business management. “They helped us overcome our shyness. We also learned quite a lot of business theory. I found communication skills and teamwork are very important for my job” said Senior 1 Qian Yifei. The 16-year-old was elected as PR manager thanks to her talent for speaking. She is also in charge of after sales service, dealing with complaints and providing suggestions. As the head of the company, CEO Shi has a lot more to think about. First of all, she has to learn how to make her colleagues work efficiently（高效地） as the company only opens at weekends due to all their studies. “It makes the company more formal，” she said. 17．The purpose of opening the company is to . A．earn money for their education fees. B．spread love and culture with seeds. C．see whether they can open a company. D．collect money to open a Hope School. 18．According to Qian Yifei, what matters most in dealing with public relations? A．Communication skills and teamwork 。 B．Creative and critical thinking. C．Educational back ground. D．Business theories. 19．What does the word "it" (in the last paragraph) refer to? A．Selling seeds. B．CEO. C．Every colleague's knowledge. D．To make her colleagues work efficiently. 20．We can learn from the passage that____. A．the company is owned by 20 students. B．the company is over-night successful. C．the company sells fresh flowers and old books D．the company gets much help from other company selling seeds. 17—20、BADA *******************************************************結(jié)束 Would the voice of Amanda Holden saying “your city had talent” encourage you to use a litter bin? Or maybe former Monty Python star Michael Palin telling you no one had expected “the Spanish bin-quisition ”？ Organizers of a plan persuading celebrities （名人）to lend their voices to “talking bins” believe it can make a real difference to keeping Britain tidy．They hope that by using humor, they will succeed where fines and warnings have failed in keeping streets' and parks clean． A similar experiment in Sweden found a talking bin received nearly three times as' much rubbish as an ordinary one because people were attracted by its novelty value． Twenty-five specially adapted bins to be installed （安裝）in the streets of London: and Liverpool next month will use a sound card to play a themed message when litter is| placed inside．For example, one near the Royal Opera House will play a thank you message sung by Janis Kelly to the tune of Nessun Dorma, Bins installed in Liverpool will play Beatles-themed messages．For others, Britain’S Got Talent judge Holden is expected to record the message： “This is Amanda, and this city's got talent”． The campaign, entitled Bin Thinking, is being organized by art group Sing London．If successful, talking bins could become a familiar feature on Britain's streets． Colette Hiller, director of Sing London, said： “The idea is to reward people in a small way for changing their behavior and raise awareness through a sense of fun” 12．What is the plan persuading celebrities to lend their voices to “talking bins” aimed at? A．Attracting passers -by attention on celebrities． B．Encouraging people to use a litter bin to keep Britain tidy． C．Making fun of those who won't keep the streets and parks clean． D．Thanking people for cleaning the litter bins through a sense of fun． 13． The following stars, voices are to be lent to “talking bins” except ______ ? A．Amanda Holden’s B．Michael Palin's C．Janis Kelly's D．Nessun Dorma’,s 14．We can infer from the text that ______ ? A．children are most attracted by "talking bins” B．different messages will be played due to different streets C．Britain is the first city where the experiment on “talking bins” was made D．“talking bins” might take the place of ordinary litter bins in Britain 15．What would be the best title for the text? A．Lending your voice to “talking bins”. B．Sing London art organization． C．An entitled Bin -Thinking campaign． D．A new experiment on litter bin． 12—15、BDDA *******************************************************結(jié)束