_外研版高一英語（必修1）知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理大綱Module1 My First Day at Senior High知識(shí)記憶：一、重難點(diǎn)單詞與短語 1attitude n. 態(tài)度；看法 課文原句：Describe your attitude to studying English. 描述你學(xué)英語的看法。慣用法：attitude to/towards sb./sth. 對(duì)的看法/態(tài)度e.g.What is your attitude towards/to this question？ 你對(duì)這個(gè)問題的態(tài)度如何？Whats the authorities attitude towards this discord？ 當(dāng)局對(duì)這次爭端有什么看法？She shows a very positive attitude to her work.她工作態(tài)度非常積極。2impress vt. 銘記；給極深的印象；感動(dòng)；使（人）印象深刻；使（人）充滿崇敬課文原句：Li Kang is very impressed with the teachers and the technology in his new school.e.g.I was very impressed by /at /with his performance.他的表演令人難忘。(sb. be impressed by /at /with sth.)My father impressed on me the value of hard work.我父親使我銘記勤勉的重要。（impress on sb. sth.）What impressed me most is his honesty. 給我印象最深的是他的真誠。The country impressed me with the high speed of its development.這個(gè)城市給我留下高速度發(fā)展的深刻印象。（impress sb. with sth.）派生詞：impression n.3cover v. & n. 包含，包括課文原句：Secondary school in the US usually covers seven years, grades six to twelve.美國的中學(xué)通常是7年時(shí)間，從六年級(jí)到十二年級(jí)。 課文中cover用作動(dòng)詞，意思是“包含，包括”。 e.g.This new school covers an area of nearly 500 mu. 新學(xué)校占地近500畝。 另外，cover 作為動(dòng)詞，意義很多： （1）覆蓋，鋪蓋 e.g.The land was covered with snow. 大地被雪所覆蓋。 （2）掩飾，掩蓋 e.g.Lies cannot cover up facts. 謊言掩蓋不住事實(shí)。 （3）行過路程 e.g.They covered 100 miles yesterday. 他們昨天走了100英里。 （4）對(duì)進(jìn)行采訪，報(bào)道 e.g.Qingdao Daily has sent a reporter to cover the event. 青島日?qǐng)?bào)已派了一名記者去報(bào)導(dǎo)（采訪）此事。 另外，cover 還可以作名詞，意思是“蓋子；封面”。 e.g.The book had a blue cover. 這本書有一個(gè)藍(lán)色的封面。 4have fun 玩得開心/愉快課文原句：And we have fun 我們過得很快樂。have fun相當(dāng)于enjoy oneself/have a good time, 意為“玩得開心/愉快”。此短語中fun用作不可數(shù)名詞(enjoyment; amusement)。e.g.Youll be sure to have fun at the party tonight. 你在今晚的晚會(huì)上一定會(huì)玩得很開心。have fun at the beach 在海灘玩得很開心5by oneself 單獨(dú)地，獨(dú)自地；靠自己，無他人幫助 課文原句：we worked by ourselves 我們自己活動(dòng)。by oneself相當(dāng)于alone; without help，強(qiáng)調(diào)“在無他人或他物的情況下”或“無幫助的情況下”。e.g.His father lives by himself in the village. 他的父親獨(dú)自一個(gè)人住在村里。All his friends have deserted him and he is all by himself now.他所有的朋友都離棄他，現(xiàn)在他孤獨(dú)一人。Can you cook by yourself now？ 你現(xiàn)在能單獨(dú)做飯了嗎？6in other words換句話說（expressed in a different way; that is to say）課文原句：In other words, therere three times as many girls as boys. 換句話說，女孩是男孩的三倍。 in other words意為“換句話說，換言之”，是對(duì)前文做進(jìn)一步的解釋說明。 e.g.He got “D”in the latest exam. In other words, he failed again. 他在最近的考試中得了個(gè)“D”也就是說他又不及格。 I soon found that the work I was doing had already been done by someone else. In other words, I was wasting my time.我很快發(fā)現(xiàn)我正在做的事情別人已經(jīng)做了換句話說我是在浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。 I dont want to leave you here. In other words, I want you to run away with us too. 我不想讓你留在這兒。換句話說，我想讓你和我們一起逃走。 7at the end of在結(jié)束時(shí)；在的盡頭課文原句：At the end of twelfth grade, American students receive the high school diploma.at the end of意為“在結(jié)束時(shí)、在的盡頭”，可用以指時(shí)間或處所，強(qiáng)調(diào)一段時(shí)間的結(jié)束點(diǎn)或某段路程的終止處。 e.g.Our school held a sports meeting at the end of last year.去年年終我校舉行了一次運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。（at the end of + 時(shí)間） At the end of this street youll find a bookshop.在這條街的盡頭你可看見一家書店。（at the end of + 地點(diǎn)） 辨析：by the end of, in the end by the end of意為“到末為止”，后可跟過去時(shí)間與過去完成時(shí)連用，也可跟將來時(shí)間，而與將來時(shí)連用。 e.g.By the end of last term we had learned five English songs.到上學(xué)期末我們已學(xué)會(huì)五首英語歌曲。 The world population will pass six billion by the end of the twentieth century.到二十世紀(jì)末，世界人口將超過六十億。 in the end意為“最終、最后”與at last 或者finally同義。 e.g.In the end they caught the thief. 最后他們抓住了小偷。 8be divided into 被分成課文原句：The school year is divided into two semesters. 一個(gè)學(xué)年分成兩個(gè)學(xué)期。e.g.divide the class into two groups 把這個(gè)班分成兩組His lecture is divided into three parts. 他的演講分成三部分。9look forward to 盼望，期待課文原句：Im looking forward to doing it! 我正盼著做家庭作業(yè)呢！ look forward to 意為“盼望，期待”，to是介詞，后面接名詞或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。 e.g.All the children are looking forward to the Spring Festival.所有的孩子都盼著春節(jié)。 I dont know what result they are looking forward to seeing.我不知道他們期待看到什么結(jié)果。 10take part in 參加 課文原句：I take part in all kinds of after-school activities. 我參加各種各樣的課后活動(dòng)。 take part in表示“參加、加入”，指參加某一活動(dòng)并在其中起積極作用。 I took part in the game. 我參加了這場比賽。 Do you take an active part in the sports meeting？你積極參加運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)嗎？ 辨析：join表示“參加、加入”時(shí)，著重從旁觀者或外人的地位成了某黨派、團(tuán)體、人群、游戲等中的一個(gè)成員，相當(dāng)于become a member of，常見的搭配有： （1）“join 黨派、團(tuán)體名詞”表示“加入某一黨派或團(tuán)體”。 e.g.He joined the tennis club. 他加入了網(wǎng)球俱樂部。 His father joined the Party last year. 他父親去年入黨了。 （2）join sb. in表示“和某人一起做某事”。 e.g.Wont you join us in the play？你不愿同我們一起去玩嗎？ Why not join us in playing games？ （3）“join in 某活動(dòng)”表示“參加某活動(dòng)”，這時(shí)相當(dāng)于take part in。 e.g.He joined in the game. 他加入了比賽。 （4）join sb.表示“加入到某人群中（一起做某事）”。 e.g.Ill join you later. 我隨后就加入到你們中去。 二、重難點(diǎn)句子解析 1I live in Shijiazhuang , a city not far from Beijing.我住在石家莊，是離北京不遠(yuǎn)的一個(gè)城市。在本句中，a city not far from Beijing是Shijiazhuang的同位語。一個(gè)名詞(或其它形式)對(duì)另一個(gè)名詞或代詞進(jìn)行修飾、限定或說明，這個(gè)名詞(或其它形式)就是同位語。通常情況下，作同位語的有以下幾種形式：e.g.Well visit the park, the Summer Palace tomorrow.The manager gave the work to us two.English and Chinese are both interesting.The news that a new English teacher would come made us excited.2Every room has a computer with a special screen, almost as big as a cinema screen.每間教室都有一個(gè)和電影院屏幕大小差不多大的特殊屏幕。asas表示“和一樣”。兩as之間使用形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)。e.g.My book is as interesting as yours. 我的書和你的書一樣有趣。He can run as fast as I can. 他能跑得和我一樣快。其否定形式為not as/soas，意為“與不一樣/不如”。e.g.The teacher doesnt jump as (so) high as I. 那位老師跳得不如我高?！癮sas”結(jié)構(gòu)雖有比較之意，但是，在表示同一個(gè)人或物時(shí)，就沒有比較之意了，譯為“不但而且，又又”。 e.g.Joan is as diligent as she is beautiful. 瓊不但勤奮而且美麗。3The teacher is a very enthusiastic woman called Ms Shen.老師是一位姓沈的非常熱心的女士。請(qǐng)注意句中的動(dòng)詞-ed形式，called Ms Shen是過去分詞作定語修飾woman，同 named；可譯為“被稱 / 叫做 ；名叫 ” 。書中第8 頁的對(duì)話出現(xiàn)類似的句子：Theres an assistant teacher called Miss Wang. 又如：A girl named/called Wang Ping won the game. 一個(gè)叫王萍的女孩贏了比賽。Do you know a person named/called John Wilson？ 你知道一個(gè)叫約翰·威爾遜的人嗎？4Ms Shens method of teaching is nothing like that of the teachers at my Junior High School.沈老師的教學(xué)方法與我初中的老師不同。（1）be nothing like 一點(diǎn)兒不像，與什么不同e.g.Your looks are nothing like your mothers. 你的長相一點(diǎn)也不像你媽媽。Your mobile phone is nothing like mine. 你的手機(jī)和我的一點(diǎn)也不像。沒有比某事更好的了e.g.There is nothing like a hot bath after a days work.一天工作之后，沒什么比洗個(gè)熱水澡更舒服的了。There is nothing like music when you are tired. 當(dāng)你疲勞的時(shí)候，沒有什么比音樂更好的了。（2）在這個(gè)句子中，that代替the method. 代詞that可用來代替前面提到的事物（單數(shù)名詞或者不可數(shù)名詞），以避免重復(fù)這個(gè)名詞，但必須是這一名詞在第二次出現(xiàn)時(shí)有后置定語。 e.g.The weather in Beijing is not as good as that in Dalian. 北京的天氣不如大連的天氣好。The sweater he wears today is different from that he wore yesterday.他今天穿的羊毛衫和昨天的不同。The study of idiom is as important as that of grammar.習(xí)慣用語的學(xué)習(xí)和語法的學(xué)習(xí)同樣重要。如果前面提到的是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，后面就用those來代替。 e.g.The books on that desk are better than those on this desk.那個(gè)桌子上的書比這個(gè)桌子上的書要好。5In other words, there are three times as many girls as boy. 換句話說，女孩是男孩的三倍。 倍數(shù)表示法：“A+倍數(shù)+ as +as B”解釋為：“A是B 的多少倍。” e.g.My book is twice as thick as yours. 我的書是你的兩倍厚。There are half as many new words in this module as in that one. 這個(gè)模塊的生詞只有那個(gè)模塊的一半。倍數(shù)表示法常用的三種形式： （1）A + is times + as + 形容詞原級(jí) + as + B（2）A + is times + 比較級(jí) + than B（3）A + is times + the size / length / height / width / depth of B下面用這三種結(jié)構(gòu)翻譯同一個(gè)句子： 這個(gè)房間是那個(gè)房間的三倍大。 This room is three times as big as that one.This room is twice bigger than that one.This room is three times the size of that one.6Oh, really？ So have I. Which language are you studying？ 哦，是嗎？我也是。你在學(xué)什么語言？（1）“So + be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ 主語”表“某人也”。He is sixteen, so am I. 他十六了，我也是。 Tom likes playing football, so do I. 湯姆喜歡踢足球，我也是。 注意：助動(dòng)詞及其時(shí)態(tài)的選擇要根據(jù)前句確定 。 He has finished his homework, so has Mary.（so have the other students.） 他已經(jīng)完成了他的家庭作業(yè)，瑪麗也完成了。（其他學(xué)生也完成了。） The teacher will go to America, so will the students.老師要去美國，學(xué)生們也要去。 （2）neither或nor引導(dǎo)的倒裝句表否定。He doesnt like math, neither do I. 他不喜歡數(shù)學(xué)，我也不喜歡（數(shù)學(xué)）。I dont know about it, nor/neither do I care.我不知道這件事，也不關(guān)心。拓展：“So + 主語 + 助動(dòng)詞”表示對(duì)前一說話者的意思進(jìn)行肯定。Mary is good at music.瑪麗音樂很好。So she is. (是的，的確很好。) They have moved away. (他們已搬走了。) So they have. (是的，他們已搬走了。)三、語法點(diǎn)撥 （一）復(fù)習(xí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法：（1）表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和often, always, usually, sometimes, every day, once a week 等時(shí)間狀語連用。e.g.He takes a walk after supper every day .My mother works at the same company as my father.（2）表示主語的特征、性格、能力等。e.g.Mr. Smith hates fish and never eats any.（3）表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理。e.g.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.（4）表示安排或計(jì)劃好的將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。e.g.The plane takes off at 10 a. m.（5）在時(shí)間或條件狀語從句中表示將來的動(dòng)作。e.g.I cant leave unless my boss agrees.（6）代替過去時(shí)表示某些文學(xué)作品的情節(jié)描述，或用來引述書刊材料e.g.The little boy goes up to the policeman and says , “Theres a car accident over there.”2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的四種用法：（1）表示正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。e.g.Its raining hard outside now.What are you doing now？ （2）表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行，而此時(shí)未必正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。e.g.These days they are working hard to finish the task in time.We are doing an experiment this week. （3）某些動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，如：go, come, leave, start, arrive, return, sleep, stay, do, have 等也可表示一個(gè)最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。e.g.Christmas is coming.We are leaving on Friday.We are having a holiday next week.（4）頻度副詞always, constantly, continually和forever等和進(jìn)行時(shí)連用時(shí)，給現(xiàn)在或過去的動(dòng)作披上一層感情色彩，并不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作在進(jìn)行。表示討厭、不滿，帶有埋怨情緒，指責(zé)某人一貫的行徑。 e.g.He is forever boasting. 他老愛說大話。She is always finding fault with others. 她總是找別人的岔。表示贊許、高興。帶夸獎(jiǎng)口吻，稱贊對(duì)方的一貫表現(xiàn)。 e.g.You are always doing well.你總是干得很不錯(cuò)。（二）以-ing/ed結(jié)尾形容詞的用法首先我們找出My First Day at Senior High中以-ing/ed結(jié)尾的形容詞。（1）The teachers are very enthusiastic and friendly and the classmates are amazing.（P2 L9-10）（2）The English class is really interesting. （P3 L18）（3）I dont think I will be bored in Ms Shens class! （P3 L27-28）（4）Some students were embarrassed at first but everyone was very friendly and it was really nice. （P4 L31-33）動(dòng)詞加-ing形式和動(dòng)詞加-ed形式都可以在句中作定語和表語。按照本模塊中課文的解釋，v.-ed形式通常表示主語所處的狀態(tài)或感受（主要描繪人或事處于的一種狀態(tài)），而v.-ing形式多表示主語所具有的特征（主要描繪人或事）。e.g.They were frightened to hear the frightening sound. 他們聽到那可怕的聲音很害怕。 At the sight of the moving scene, all the people present were moved to tears.看到這么動(dòng)人的情景，所有在場的人都感動(dòng)得流下了眼淚。 The film is so interesting that they are all interested in it.電影這么有趣大家對(duì)其都很感興趣。 She was much surprised at the surprising news.聽到這個(gè)令人驚奇的消息她感到很驚訝。 英語中這樣的形式還有很多，如：embarrassing, embarrassed; amusing, amused; encouraging, encouraged; disappointing, disappointed; exciting, excited; puzzling, puzzled; satisfying, satisfied; worrying, worried; tiring, tired; pleasing, pleased; astonishing, astonished等。 當(dāng)修飾人的表情、眼神、聲音、眼淚等時(shí)，卻要用v.-ed形式。 e.g.I saw her frightened face. 我看到的是她受驚嚇的面孔。 They gave excited shouts. 他們發(fā)出激動(dòng)的叫喊。 They left with disappointed expression. 他們帶著失望的表情離開了。 a puzzled expression一種迷惑不解的表情 She said in a frightened voice. 她用受了驚嚇的聲音說著話。 His puzzled look suggested he felt puzzled at the puzzling question.當(dāng)堂練習(xí)：一、單項(xiàng)選擇。1Water _ at 100 and at this time the glass filled with it _.Aboiled; breaksBboils; will breakCis boiling; is to break Dwill boil; breaks2What is wrong with the car? It _ work whose engine _ anyhow.Awont; wont startBdoesnt; wont startCdoesnt; wont be started Dwont; is starting3Does Tom live here? Yes, but he _ here now.Adoesnt live Bhadnt livedCisnt living Dwill live 4_ hard? Why dont they stop working?AIsnt it raining BHasnt it rainedCWont it rainDWasnt it raining5I _ the failure was your fault. Yes, I see, you only want to learn the details.Adidnt think Bwas not explainingCam not suggesting Dhavent expected6Dont speak loud. Father _.Awill sleepBis sleepingChas slept Dsleeps7I dont really work here! I _ until the new secretary arrives.Ajust help out Bhave just helped outCam just helping out Dwill just help out8It seldom _ here but it _ heavily these days.Asnows; snowsBsnows; is snowingCis snowing; is snowingDis snowing; snows9How did you like the lectures? I thought they were _.AinterestedBinterestCinteresting Dof interestes10She said nothing. And _ tears came to her eyes.Asurprised BsurprisingCexcitingDexcited11The house is expensive here . Ive got about half the space at home and Im paying _ here.Aas three times much Bas much three time Cmuch as three times Dthree times as much12David has made great progress recently._, and _.ASo he has; so you have BSo he has; so have you CSo has he; so have youDSo has he; so you have13Youre drinking too much.Only at home. No one _ me but you.Ais seeing Bhad seenCseesDsaw14Is this raincoat yours?No, mine _ there behind the door.Ahangs Bhas hungCis hangingDhung15He always _ careful notes while listening to the teacher in class.Awill take BtookCtakes Dis taking隱藏答案答案：15 B B C A C610 B C B C D1115 D B C C C 二、根據(jù)首字母提示或漢語提示寫出單詞：1She gave a vivid description of the scene.2His behaviour （行為）towards me is unfriendly.3I was disappointed at failing to prevent him from doing that.4The foreign guests were amazed（驚奇）at the rapid development of China.5Because of modern technology, we have a much higher standard of living.隱藏答案答案：1description 2behavior3disappointed4amazed5technology 三、短語翻譯：1科學(xué)學(xué)科2信息技術(shù)3體育課4類似5對(duì)態(tài)度6教學(xué)方法7換句話說8盼望9上大學(xué)10分成11課后活動(dòng) 12暑假13特征 14真正的/終生的朋友15有可能 16在之初隱藏答案答案：1science subjects2IT (Information Technology)3PE (Physical Education)4be similar to5attitude to / towards6teaching method7in other words8look forward to (doing) sth9go to college10divideinto11after-school activities12summer vacation13special features14true/long-life friends15be likely to16at the start of四、單句改錯(cuò)：1The news is disappointed. disappointing2I am interesting in football. interested3This is a very bored lesson. boring4He went to the college in Boston. 去掉the5The famous surgeon developed a new technology in heart surgery. technique6Mathematics are her weakest subject. is隱藏答案答案：1disappointed disappointing2interestinginterested3boredboring4去掉the5technologytechnique6areis五、完成句子：1（1）我在非洲期間有許多有趣的經(jīng)歷。I had a lot _ _ _ _ my stay _ Africa.（2）那位老師積累了豐富的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。The teacher has accumulated _ _ _.2（1）我的建議與他的相似。My proposal _ _ _ _.（2）我們相處得很好是因?yàn)槲覀冇性S多類似的愛好。We get _ just fine as we have _ _ _.3（1）我想得到一些有關(guān)你們賓館管理方面的資料。I want to _ _ _ _ the management of your hotel.（2）他寫信給我，想知道有關(guān)上海的進(jìn)一步情況。He _ _ _ for further _ _ Shanghai.（3）你能告訴我們有關(guān)此事的消息嗎？Can you _ us _ _ _ this matter?4（1）很多學(xué)生打算去班級(jí)野餐。_ number _ students _ going to the class picnic.（2）工作的數(shù)目在增加。_ number _ jobs _ increasing.5我要求你把那件作品改得更好些。I want you _ _ _ that piece of work.隱藏答案答案：1（1）of interesting experiences during; in （2）rich teaching experience2（1）is similar to his （2）along; many similar interests3（1）get some information about （2）wrote to me; information about （3）give; any information on4（1）A; of; are （2）The; of; is5to improve on課外拓展：My Experience in a Free SchoolAt first I couldnt believe it! There were no 1 in rows; no bells rang; no one had to go to 2. Although we all lived “in”, 3 made us go to bed at a certain time; there was no “l(fā)ight out”.The 4 thing was that practically all the students went to class, 5 very few people stayed up late at night. Only the new people stayed up or 6 class. The new ones always went wild 7, but this never lasted long. The freedom took some getting used to. Our teachers treated us like 8; never did we have to play “stand up”, “sit down”, “speak out”. I dont 9 one student who didnt try his best.The subjects were the same as those in 10 school, but what a difference in the approach （方式）！For example, in botany（植物學(xué)）we had 11 classes in the spring or fall, but instead we 12 two gardens, a vegetable garden and a flower garden. 13 in winter we each studied a few particular things about what we had grown. In maths the students built three different kinds of storerooms-small ones 14,but usable. They did this instead of having lessons in the classroom. They really had a 15 time too, designing everything, drawing the blueprints, figuring out the angles（角度）and so on. I didnt take 16 I cant stand it! Besides, I could do the basic things with numbers. Thats 17!On the whole I think I am a 18 person for having gone to the school. I can read and write as well as anyone else my age, and I can think better. Thats probably a real big 19 between the free school and regular-the amount of 20.1AdesksBlightsCstudentsDbuilding2Ahome Bbed Cclass Dwork3AanybodyBnobodyCteachersDparents4AsadBlastCgoodDstrange5AandBbut CsoDyet6Aattended BtookCmissedDstudied7Afrom then on Bat firstConce more Djust then8AworkersBpupilsCgardens Dgrown-ups9Ahear fromBfeel like Cthink about Dknow of10Anight Bregular Csmall Dreal11Aall Bshort CnoDindoor12Aplanted Bstudied CdrewDtoured13AStill BThenCYet DNext14Aas well Bafter a while Cof course Das a result15Afunny Bgreat CconvenientDthoughtful16Amaths BcareCbotanyDnotice17AdullBinteresting CenoughDdangerous18Acareful BbetterCbusierDlovely19Aproblem BchanceCdifferenceDchange20Areading Bgardening CteachingDthinking答案：15 A C B D A610 C B D D B 1115 C A B C B 1620 A C B C D 高考解析：1A rough estimate, Nigeria is_ Great Britain.上海卷Athree times the size asBthe size three times ofCthree times as the size of Dthree times the size of解析：考察倍數(shù)的表達(dá)法之一“Abe倍數(shù)thenofB”（倍數(shù)表達(dá)法請(qǐng)見一周強(qiáng)化模塊中的重難點(diǎn)句子解析）， three times the size of表示“比大兩倍”，相當(dāng)于three times as big as答案：D2What a table! Ive never seen such a thing before. It is _ it is long.湖北Ahalf not as wide asBwide not as half asCnot half as wide asDas wide as not half 解析：考察倍數(shù)的表達(dá)法。依題意：“好長的桌子啊，我從來沒有見過這樣的桌子，它的寬度還沒有長度的一半”。根據(jù)比較用法：倍數(shù)as形容詞as，而否定詞not應(yīng)放在助動(dòng)詞it后面。答案：C3Equipped with modern facilities, today' s libraries differ greatly from _. 上海Athose of the pastBthe pastCwhich of the pastDthese past解析：those指上文中提到的圖書館；those of the past指過去的圖書館。今天的圖書館是和過去的圖書館相比較是同類相比，故排除B和D，而which則是同一個(gè)，即today's libraries,故排除C。答案：ATHANKS !致力為企業(yè)和個(gè)人提供合同協(xié)議，策劃案計(jì)劃書，學(xué)習(xí)課件等等打造全網(wǎng)一站式需求歡迎您的下載，資料僅供參考-可編輯修改-