專題18 語法填空（原卷版）【2020年高考命題預測】語法填空題是給出200字左右的一段短文或?qū)υ?段落中給出10個填空,其中7個填空是給出一個單詞,填寫它的正確詞形,如形容詞的比較級等,其余3個填空是結合上下文直接填詞。要求考生,閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。這要求考生既要掌握熟練的語法知識,還要有一定的語言閱讀能力。分析近三年的高考語法填空的走勢,2020年考查說明文的可能性比較大,其次是記敘文?！究键c定位】近三年考點分布2016-2019年新課標卷高考英語語法填空試題分析：年份試卷類型體裁詞數(shù)話題考點分布2019年新課標卷I說明文185介紹了北極熊的生存現(xiàn)狀提示詞7個61.同位語從句 62. 副詞用法63. 介詞64. 非謂語動詞65. 時態(tài)66. 名詞67. 非謂語動詞68. 形容詞比較級69. 定冠詞70. 主謂一致。新課標卷II記敘文195九十高齡的Irene作為英國最年長的全職員工,她被頒發(fā) “年度女士”稱號。提示詞7個61.非謂語動詞62.定語從句63.副詞用法64.動詞時態(tài)65.不定式作定語66.動詞時態(tài)67.并列連詞68.非謂語動詞69.冠詞用法70.形容詞作表語新課標卷III記敘文180作者去夏威夷度假途中的經(jīng)歷以及到了主人家后受到的禮遇。提示詞7個61.副詞62.不定式63.介詞64.定語從句65.一般過去時66.名詞67.形容詞68.副詞69.一般過去時的被動語態(tài)70.分詞2018年新課標卷I 說明文 196跑步的好處,它可以幫助人們延年益壽提示詞7個61.副詞的級 62. 不定式63.動名詞64.時態(tài)65.比較句型66.定語從句67.名詞數(shù)68. 詞形變化69.詞形變化。70.代詞或名詞新課標卷II 說明文 208 中國為保護環(huán)境在農(nóng)作物種植上做了一些變化并得到了世界上的知名人士的認可提示詞7個61.時態(tài)62. 冠詞63. 副詞64. 非謂語動詞65. 連詞66. 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換67.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換68. 時態(tài)69. 定語從句70. 省略句新課標卷III 記敘文 193在中非偶遇大猩猩,彼此驚恐的經(jīng)歷提示詞7個61.賓語從句62.冠詞63.最高級64. 動詞65. 非謂語66. 名詞67. 動詞短語68. 代詞69. 時態(tài)70. 非謂語2017年新課標卷I 說明文 223低脂肪、低鹽的飲食趨勢及其對人們健康的影響提示詞7個61. 介詞62. 名詞的數(shù)63. 非謂語動詞64. 謂語動詞65. 冠詞66. 比較級67. 主謂一致68. 非謂語動詞69. 形容詞70. 定語從句新課標卷II 說明文201世界第一個地鐵的形成和發(fā)展提示詞7個61.名詞的數(shù)62.介詞63.非謂語動詞64.冠詞65.被動語態(tài)66.副詞67.代詞68. 時態(tài)69. 名詞70. 形容詞新課標卷III 說明文215 Sarah Thomas在學業(yè)和誘人的職業(yè)面前所做出的選擇。提示詞7個61. 非謂語動詞62. 冠詞63.時態(tài)和語態(tài)64. 定語從句65. 非謂語動詞66. 名詞67. 名詞的數(shù)68. 介詞69. 動詞時態(tài)70. 副詞2016年新課標卷I 記敘文 197作者的成都之旅及其與大熊貓之間的故事提示詞7個61.名詞62.時態(tài)和語態(tài)63.副詞64.介詞65.定語從句66.非謂語67. 非謂語68.代詞69.復數(shù)70.冠詞新課標卷II 說明文 192緩解工作中的壓力的一些方法提示詞7個61.形容詞的比較級62.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換63. 主謂一致和時態(tài)64.介詞65.連詞66.名詞復數(shù)67. 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換68.冠詞69.非謂語動詞70.祈使句新課標卷III 說明文 196 筷子的材質(zhì)和中國使用筷子的歷史及文化內(nèi)涵提示詞7個61.and 連詞62.時態(tài)和語態(tài)63.非謂語動詞 64.非謂語動詞65.狀語從66.副詞67.定語從句68.名詞69.時態(tài)和主謂一致70.介詞【2020考綱解讀】作為高考題型的語法填空試題,近年高考英語該題型具有下面這些特點：文章以記敘文和說明文為主,文章長度控制在190220詞,10道題中,有67個(全國卷都是7個)試題給出提示詞,考查的要點分為詞法和語法兩部分,詞法部分包括：1)詞類的轉(zhuǎn)換,結合語境考查給出的提示詞的名詞、形容詞或副詞變化；2)介詞的固定搭配,名詞的復數(shù)形式及運用；語法部分包括：時態(tài)和語態(tài)的綜合運用,非謂語動詞,各種從句等。從近年課標卷的語法填空試題看,給出提示詞的考點主要包括：詞類的轉(zhuǎn)換(名詞與動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換,形容詞與副詞的轉(zhuǎn)換）；形容詞比較級與最高級的變化；名詞單復數(shù)的變化；動詞的時態(tài)語態(tài)、情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣、謂語動詞與非謂語動詞的變化等。給出提示詞考點多為實詞,所填寫的詞匯根據(jù)語境和短文或?qū)υ拑?nèi)容可以是13個單詞。挖空分布均勻,考點的安排注重多樣化。不給提示詞的考點主要包括：連詞（并列連詞和從屬連詞）、介詞（動詞與介詞的搭配、介詞與名詞的搭配、代詞和冠詞等?！救旮呖肌?17、18、19高考試題及其解析2019年高考試題1.【2019·全國I】閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence _61_ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been _62_ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.Modem methods _63_ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive _64_ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut _65_ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a _66_ (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by _67_ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(錯覺) that populations are _68_ (high) than they actually are. Of _69_ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _70_ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.2.【2019·全國II】閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for _61_ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, _62_ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have _63_(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award,proud Irene _64_(declare) she had no plans _65_ (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said,“I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _66_(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, _67_ because I want to.”Granddaughter Gayle Parks,31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said,“We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call _68_ (say)she was short-listed,we thought it was _69_ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's _70_ (wonder).”3.【2019·全國III】閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。On our way to the house,it was raining _61_ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take _62_ (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.We were first greeted with the barking by a pack _63_ dogs,seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters _64_ had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and _65_(recommend)wonderful places to eat,shop,and visit. For breakfast,we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.When they were free from work,they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting _66_(compete)to watch,together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many _67_(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were _68_ (huge)popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay,we _69_(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars,_70_ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.4.【2019·浙江】閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody _56_ (have) to worry about fashion(時尚). Everybody wears_57_ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways, A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth _58_gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or _59_ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can _60_ (easy) see them.But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer _61_ this question is not clear. One study in America found that students' grades _62_ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want _63_ (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no _64_(connect) between uniforms and school performance.School uniforms are _65_ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.5.【2019·北京】語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分,共15分)A閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空,在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。On the first day of my first grade,I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I _1_(voice)my biggest concern to my mother. “How will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years. I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously _2_ (face) challenges. I know I will whisper to _3_(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.B閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空,在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Earth Day,_4_(mark)on 22 April,is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated _5_ 1970,the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地區(qū)). No matter what you like to do,there is a way to get involved in various _6_(activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree,make a meal with locally grown vegetables,or save powerthe possibilities are endless.C閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空,在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Does the name of the college you attend really matter？Research on the question _7_(suggest)that,for most students,it doesn't. What students do at college seems to matter much more than _8_ they go. The students benefitting most from college are those _9_ are totally engaged(參與)in academic life. Taking full advantage of the colleges chances and resources(資源),Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and its never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and _10_(meaning)college experience.2018年高考試題【2018·全國I】閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years _61_(long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long_62_(see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of _63_ (die) early by running. While running regularly cann't make you live forever, the review says it _64_ (be) more effective at lengthening life_65_ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014_66_showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all _67_(cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to_68_(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always_69_(energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give_70_a try.【2018·全國II】閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Diets have changed in China and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country _61_（grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over _62_ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is _63_ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice _64_ (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water _65_ rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased _66_ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total _67_ (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005when the government _68_ (start) a soil-testing program _69_ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while _70_ (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.【2018·全國III】閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。I'm not sure _61_ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩）that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at _62_ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the_63_(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid _64_(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel_65_(challenge).My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a _66_(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching _67_ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find _68_(they) alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal _69_(mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: "I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me _70_ (stay)and watch.【2018·浙江】閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese _56_(dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners _57_ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap _58_ can be to eat out. I still remember _59_ (visit) a friend whod lived here for five years and I _60_(shock) when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time. While regularly eating out seems to _61_(become) common for many young people in recent years, its not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be _62_(afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even _63_ (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in _64_(weigh) problems.If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mums home _65_ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.2017高考試題2017·全國卷閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入 1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。There has been a recent trend in the food service industry towards lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(醫(yī)學界) 61._ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62._ (effect) such as overweight and heart diseasethe very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63._ (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64._ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 65._ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66._ (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67._ (be) full of fat and salt; by 68._ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃點心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69._ (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70._ is not good for the health.2017·全國卷閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometres and allowed people to avoid terrible 61._ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 62._ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 63._ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64._ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.Steam engines 65._ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 66._ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 67._ every day.Later, engineers 68._ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the 69._ (introduce) of electric­powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 70._ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white­painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public. 2017·全國卷閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入 1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh­faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A­level course. But unlike her school friends, 16­year­old Sarah is not spending half­term 61._ (rest). Instead, she is earning 6,500 a day as 62._ model in New York. Sarah 63._ (tell) that she could be Britain's new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44,wants her to give up school to model full­time. But Sarah, 64._ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65._ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66._ (educate)She has turned down several 67._ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full­time before going to university to get a degree 68._ engineering or architecture. Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69._ (come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modelling. It is 70._ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model any more.” 2017·浙江卷6月考閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small 56._ (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer, and she noticed a 57._ (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long­lost wedding ring.Pahlsson screamed 58._ loudly that her daughter came running from the house. “She thought I had hurt 59._ (I),” says Pahlsson.Sixteen years 60._ (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61._ (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspected that one of her three daughtersthen ten, eight, and sixhad picked it up, but the girls said they hadn't. Pahlsson and her husband 62._ (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again,” she says. She never replaced it. Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63._ (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 64._ it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted (生長) through it. For Pahlsson, its return was 65._ wonder.【兩年模擬】2018、2019名校模擬題及其參考答案解析2019年模擬題【2019年安徽省蕪湖市高三三?！块喿x下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。One day, when I was cooking the evening meal, my daughter stood beside me very still. When I turned, I nearly knocked her down. “Move out of the way,” I said impatiently. She walked away, and her little heart was _41_ (break). I didnt realize _42_ rudely Id spoken.When I _43_ (lie) awake in bed, Gods small voice came to me and said, “While _44_ (deal) with a stranger, you use common politeness, but the children you love, you seem to abuse. Look at the kitchen floor, and those are the flowers she brought for you.”By this time, my tears began to fall. I quietly went and sat by her bed. “Are these the flowers you picked _45_ me? Im so sorry.” I said. She smiled, “Oh, Mom, thats okay. I love you anyway.” I said, “Daughter, I love you too, and I do like the flowers, _46_ (especial) the blue.”You should be aware that if we were to die tomorrow, the family we left behind would feel the loss for _47_ rest of their lives. And come to think about it, we devote _48_ (us) more to work than to our family-an _4