吳夏艷 english_ 公郵： 密碼：jingmaoyingyu,經(jīng)貿(mào)英語,教材,國際經(jīng)貿(mào)高級(jí)英語精讀，羅漢主編，復(fù)旦大學(xué)出版社，2011.6 PPT來源：羅漢，劉漢華 推薦網(wǎng)站： 華爾街日?qǐng)?bào) 財(cái)富 中國日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng) ,大綱,學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容：?jiǎn)卧~、短語、專有名詞和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)術(shù)語；閱讀；翻譯（ 短語、句子和段落的英譯中和中譯英）；寫作。 課本結(jié)構(gòu)：20單元，課文選自美、英等國出版的最新經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)專著和刊物原文素材。課文后有新單詞、短語、專有名詞和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)術(shù)語的注解；短語、句子和段落的中譯英練習(xí)；學(xué)術(shù)英語寫作練習(xí)以及補(bǔ)充閱讀材料（選學(xué)）。 課堂形式： （1）介紹基礎(chǔ)的英文詞匯（課本外） （2）課文學(xué)習(xí) （3）練習(xí)（或者課堂作業(yè)）,Pre-work,經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué) Economics 金融學(xué) Finance 國際貿(mào)易：International Trade 宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)：Macroeconomics 微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)：Microeconomics,Unit OneKnowledge and Economic Growth,TEXT Starting as low-income economies in the 1960s, a few economies in East Asia managed, in a few decades, to bridge all or nearly all of the income gap that separated them from the high-income economies of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Meanwhile many other developing economies stagnated.,Unit OneKnowledge and Economic Growth,What made the difference? One way to grow is by developing hitherto unexploited land. Another is to accumulate physical capital: roads, factories, telephone networks. A third is to expand the labor force and increase its education and training. But Hong Kong (China) and Singapore had almost no land. They did invest heavily in physical capital and in educating their populations, but so did many other economies. During the 1960s through the 1980s the Soviet Union accumulated more capital as a share of its gross domestic product (GDP) than did Hong Kong (China), the Republic of Korea, Singapore, or Taiwan (China). And it increased the education of its population in no trivial measure. Yet the Soviets generated far smaller increases in living standards during that period than did these four East Asian economies.,Unit OneKnowledge and Economic Growth,Perhaps the difference was that the East Asian economies did not build, work, and grow harder so much as they built, worked, and grew smarter. Could knowledge, then, have been behind East Asias surge? If so, the implications are enormous, for that would mean that knowledge is the key to developmentthat knowledge is development.,Unit OneKnowledge and Economic Growth,How important was knowledge for East Asias growth spurt? This turned out not to be an easy question to answer. The many varieties of knowledge combine with its limited marketability to present a formidable challenge to anyone seeking to evaluate the effect of knowledge on economic growth.,Unit OneKnowledge and Economic Growth,How, after all, does one put a price tag on and add up the various types of knowledge? What common denominator lets us sum the knowledge that firms use in their production processes; the knowledge that policymaking institutions use to formulate, monitor, and evaluate policies; the knowledge that people use in their economic transactions and social interactions? What is the contribution of books and journals, of R translate into),The development of new economic theories has raised many subjects to statistics. For example, high rates of school enrollment may not translate into high rates of economic growth if the quality of education is poor, or if educated people are not employed at their potential because of distortions in the labor market.,Unit OneKnowledge and Economic Growth,4. 1994年，在經(jīng)過長(zhǎng)期研究之后，著名經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家克魯格曼發(fā)表了一份對(duì)多國技術(shù)進(jìn)步情況調(diào)查的報(bào)告。他指出，亞洲的經(jīng)濟(jì)不是建立在技術(shù)進(jìn)步的基礎(chǔ)上，所以含有很多泡沫。3年后爆發(fā)的東南亞經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)證實(shí)了他的猜想。(variations in technical progress),In 1994, after a long period of research, the famous economist Krugman presented a study report analyzing variations in technical progress across a large number of countries. He said in the report that the economic development of Asia was not based on the progress of technology, so the economy contained much foam. Three years later, the sudden break-out of Southeast Asian economic crisis verified his assumption.,Unit OneKnowledge and Economic Growth,5. 由于科學(xué)技術(shù)在一定程度上是無形的，所以，到目前為止，人們還未想出確定其價(jià)值大小的理想方法。(put a value on),People have not hitherto come up with an ideal method to put a value on science and technology, for it is intangible to some degree.,Unit OneKnowledge and Economic Growth,III. Put the following passage into English:,在信息時(shí)代，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的關(guān)鍵是知識(shí)，而不是實(shí)物資產(chǎn)或資源。不僅對(duì)知識(shí)密集型部門，比如電腦軟件或生物技術(shù)部門來說是如此，而且對(duì)工業(yè)時(shí)代的制造業(yè)公司或公用事業(yè)公司來說也是這樣。 對(duì)知識(shí)密集型的部門來說，來源于研究與開發(fā)的、應(yīng)用在革新產(chǎn)品和工藝上的知識(shí)是至關(guān)重要的因素。但是，對(duì)工業(yè)時(shí)代的制造業(yè)公司或公用事業(yè)公司來說，利用有關(guān)客戶的知識(shí)來改善服務(wù)才是重要的。,Unit OneKnowledge and Economic Growth,In the information age, knowledge, rather than physical assets or resources, is the key to competitiveness. This is as true for the knowledge-intensive industries, such as software or biotechnology, as it is for industrial age manufacturing companies or utilities. For the knowledge-intensive sectors, knowledge which feeds through from research and development to innovative products and processes is the critical element. But with industrial age manufacturing companies or utilities, using knowledge about customers to improve service is what counts.,Unit OneKnowledge and Economic Growth,今天，關(guān)于對(duì)知識(shí)態(tài)度的新情況是，人們認(rèn)識(shí)到，需要像對(duì)待其他任何資產(chǎn)一樣，駕馭、管理和使用它。這個(gè)問題不僅涉及到什么是適當(dāng)?shù)倪^程和系統(tǒng)，而且涉及如何把知識(shí)計(jì)入資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表。 今后，知識(shí)資本的價(jià)值將得到更加普遍的衡量和報(bào)告。對(duì)與知識(shí)資本有關(guān)的重要績(jī)效指標(biāo)的衡量和報(bào)告將成為大組織的一項(xiàng)較為普遍的做法，這對(duì)財(cái)務(wù)賬戶將是一個(gè)補(bǔ)充。,Unit OneKnowledge and Economic Growth,What is new about attitudes to knowledge today is the recognition of the need to harness, manage and use it like any other asset. This raises issues not only of appropriate processes and systems, but also of how to account for knowledge in the balance sheet. In future, the value of intellectual capital will be more widely measured and reported. The measurement and reporting of key performance indicators related to intellectual capital will become a more widespread practice among major organizations, completing the financial accounts.,