Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?,一、賓語(yǔ)從句（二）,(一)由特殊引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,(一)由特殊引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,(二) 賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序,1.賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)該用陳述語(yǔ)序,即按“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)”的順序排列。 Can you tell me what he wants? 你能告訴我他想要什么嗎?,2.當(dāng)who,whose或which對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)時(shí),語(yǔ)序不變;變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句時(shí),語(yǔ)序依然不變。 She asked who would answer those questions.她問(wèn)誰(shuí)準(zhǔn)備回答那些問(wèn)題。,(三) 賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài),1.若主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可根據(jù)具體情況選用所需要的時(shí)態(tài)。 We hope youll have a very happy year in our class.我們希望你在我們班能度過(guò)快樂(lè)、幸福的一年。,2.若主句為過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),則賓語(yǔ)從句通常選用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)中的某一種形式。 He said he was doing his homework then.他說(shuō)他那時(shí)在做作業(yè)。,3.若從句是客觀真理、一種現(xiàn)象、科學(xué)原理、現(xiàn)階段存在的客觀事實(shí)、經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作,或是諺語(yǔ)、格言等,其時(shí)態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 The scientists said the sun rises in the east and goes down in the west. 科學(xué)家們說(shuō)太陽(yáng)從東方升起,西方落下。,(四) 否定轉(zhuǎn)移,主句為I/We think/believe/guess/suppose時(shí),從句若表示否定,一般將否定詞not轉(zhuǎn)移到主句的謂語(yǔ)中,這種現(xiàn)象叫作“否定轉(zhuǎn)移”。 I dont think he will come.我認(rèn)為他不會(huì)來(lái)了。,(五) 賓語(yǔ)從句的反意疑問(wèn)句,含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句在構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí),應(yīng)根據(jù)主句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)來(lái)確定,但對(duì)于含有否定轉(zhuǎn)移的賓語(yǔ)從句,必須根據(jù)從句來(lái)確定。 Jim told us (that) they would leave this school,didnt he? 吉姆告訴我們他們將離開這個(gè)學(xué)校,不是嗎? I dont think (that) he is right,is he? 我認(rèn)為他不對(duì),是嗎?,(六) 賓語(yǔ)從句與簡(jiǎn)單句的相互轉(zhuǎn)換,當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是由when,where,why,who,which,what,whose等引導(dǎo)時(shí),有時(shí)可以轉(zhuǎn)換為由“疑問(wèn)代詞/疑問(wèn)副詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)的形式,從而句子便由一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句變?yōu)榱撕?jiǎn)單句。,1.當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí),可以將其改為簡(jiǎn)單句。 I dont know what I shall do next. =I dont know what to do next.我不知道下一步做什么。,2.當(dāng)主句中含有雙賓語(yǔ)時(shí),如果間接賓語(yǔ)與賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí),也可以將這個(gè)主從復(fù)合句變?yōu)楹?jiǎn)單句。 Can you tell me how I can get to the police station? =Can you tell me how to get to the police station?你能告訴我怎樣到達(dá)警察局嗎?,針對(duì)性訓(xùn)練,.單項(xiàng)填空 1.(2015泰安中考) Could you please tell me you will go to Hong Kong on business? Sure.I prefer to take a plane. A.whether B.why C.when D.how,提示:考查賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞。句意為“請(qǐng)你告訴我你將怎樣去 香港做生意好嗎?”“當(dāng)然可以。我更喜歡乘飛機(jī)”。 whether 是否;why為什么;when什么時(shí)候;how如何,怎樣。根據(jù)“我更喜歡 乘飛機(jī)”可知問(wèn)句是問(wèn)如何去香港,故選D。,針對(duì)性訓(xùn)練,.單項(xiàng)填空 2.(2015南充中考) We dont know when next week.Please call me when he arrives. A.will he arrive B.does he arrive C.he will arrive D.he arrives,提示:考查賓語(yǔ)從句。前句意為“我們不知道他下周什 么時(shí)候到”。賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序,故排除A、B兩項(xiàng);再 由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)next week可知,從句需用一般將來(lái)時(shí),故選C。,針對(duì)性訓(xùn)練,.單項(xiàng)填空 3.(2015煙臺(tái)中考) My deskmate asked me . A.when would I go to the zoo B.whom I would play tennis with C.how did I get home that evening D.whether I have been to Singapore,提示:考查賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)該用陳述語(yǔ)序, 故A, C都不對(duì), D項(xiàng) 時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),而主句謂 語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為一般過(guò)去時(shí), 故選B。,針對(duì)性訓(xùn)練,.單項(xiàng)填空 4.(2015常德中考)Could you tell me ? Sure. A.where the restrooms are B.where are the restrooms C.where is the restroom,提示:考查賓語(yǔ)從句。疑問(wèn)句作賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)原來(lái) 的疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序要改為陳述語(yǔ)序,故選A。,針對(duì)性訓(xùn)練,.單項(xiàng)填空 5.(2015黔西南中考) My mother asked me this morning. A.why did I get up late B.why I got up late C.why do I get up late D.why I get up late,提示:考查賓語(yǔ)從句的用法。句意為“我媽媽問(wèn)我為什么 今天早上起晚了”。賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)序,主句為一般 過(guò)去時(shí),從句用與過(guò)去有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知,選B。,針對(duì)性訓(xùn)練,.單項(xiàng)填空 6.(2015云南中考) I wonder at 6:00 yesterday afternoon. I was doing my homework in the reading room. A.what were you doing B.what did you do C.what you were doing D.what you are doing,提示:考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意為“我想知道昨天晚上六點(diǎn)你 正在做什么?！薄拔艺陂営[室做作業(yè)”。從答句可知 用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),排除B,D。又因賓語(yǔ)從句中疑問(wèn)詞后應(yīng)接 陳述語(yǔ)序,故選C。,針對(duì)性訓(xùn)練,.單項(xiàng)填空 7.(2015桂林中考)Sir,do you know? Im not very sure.Please ask the worker over there. A.when will the next train start B.when the next train will start C.when did the next train start,提示:考查賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)為陳述語(yǔ)序,故選B。,針對(duì)性訓(xùn)練,.單項(xiàng)填空 8.(2015黔南州中考)Do you knowthe meeting? Tomorrow morning. A.when they had B.when they are going to have C.when did they have D.when are they going to have,提示:考查賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序 應(yīng)為陳述語(yǔ)序可排除C和D;結(jié)合答語(yǔ)可知用一般將來(lái)時(shí), 故選B。,針對(duì)性訓(xùn)練,.單項(xiàng)填空 9.(安順中考)I dont think she will agree with us, ? A.will she B.wont she C.dont you D.do you,提示:考查反意疑問(wèn)句。在I/We think句型中,反意疑問(wèn) 句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)與從句一致,排除C、D;由于主句 是否定句,故后面用肯定形式,所以選A。,針對(duì)性訓(xùn)練,.單項(xiàng)填空 10.(巴中中考) Our teacher said the earth round the sun. A.traveled B.travels C.travel,提示:考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意為“我們的老師說(shuō)地球圍繞著 太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)”。此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是客觀真理,因此從句時(shí)態(tài)使用一 般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故選B。,關(guān)于有禮貌地問(wèn)路,When you travel to a new place and you cant find your way,you can ask someone for help.But do you know how to ask the way in an English-speaking country?There are many rules you should follow,and one of the most important things you should remember is to be polite.No one likes to help those who are impolite.Youd better stop to wait or walk to the person who you want to ask the way.Dont be nervous,and dont walk too fast,or the person will,have doubts about your intention.Dont touch or stand close to the person,especially a lady,because the people in some Western countries will feel uncomfortable when some strangers are too close to them.When you ask the way,its important to express your ideas in a polite way.First of all,you should say “Excuse me” to catch someones attention.There are many ways to ask the way,but the most important thing is how to be polite.For example,“How can I get to,the nearest post office?” and “Could you please tell me how I can get to the nearest post office?” are similar requestsboth are correct English,but the first could sound rude.Its important to use correct language,but sometimes this is not enoughwe need to learn how to be polite when we make requests.Usually the polite ways are longer and more difficult than those direct ways because you need to spend some time leading into the question.However,if you want to get help and not to offend people,youd better learn about the language etiquette;its just as important as learning grammar or vocabulary.And doing this will also help you become better at English. 【詞匯積累】doubt 疑惑;疑問(wèn)intention意圖;目的offend 觸怒;冒犯,技巧借鑒,本單元的中心話題是有禮貌地尋求信息,這篇文章講述了在國(guó)外問(wèn)路時(shí)應(yīng)該注意到的事項(xiàng)和我們應(yīng)該遵循的原則,多使用祈使句來(lái)表示建議,如:Dont be nervous,and dont talk too fast.(不要緊張,不要講得太快),Youd better(你最好),You should say “Excuse me” to catch someones attention.(你應(yīng)該說(shuō)“打擾了”來(lái)引起某人的注意),We need to learn how to be polite when we make requests.(當(dāng)我們提出請(qǐng)求時(shí),我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)如何才是有禮貌的)等。有良好的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言應(yīng)用能力并學(xué)會(huì)這些交流技巧,一定會(huì)令你溝通無(wú)障礙。,課本鏈接,針對(duì)本單元Section B 2b的內(nèi)容回答下列問(wèn)題 1.When you visit a foreign country,what is important to know? 2.What do good speakers of English do when speaking with different people? 3.Why is it important to learn how to use proper language?,When we visit a foreign country,it is important to know how to ask for help politely.,Good speakers of English change the way they talk when speaking with different people.,This will help you become better at English,or any other language you wish to speak.,：指路,黃教授的美國(guó)朋友Tom要到中國(guó)考察,Tom得知黃 教授生病住院,決定一下飛機(jī)就到醫(yī)院看望黃教授。 假設(shè)你是黃教授的兒子黃磊,請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的示意圖 給Tom寫一封電子郵件,告訴他出機(jī)場(chǎng)后到達(dá)醫(yī)院 的路線。 要求:80詞左右。,：指路,【思路點(diǎn)撥】 稱呼Dear 正文客氣語(yǔ):Im very happy that youre coming 指路:take a taxi,go down,turn left,go along,turn right, across from 結(jié)尾語(yǔ):I hope to 署名Yours, Huang Lei,【重點(diǎn)詞匯】寫出下列短語(yǔ) 1.通往的路 2.人民醫(yī)院 3.乘出租車 4.沿著走 5.向左轉(zhuǎn) 6.在的對(duì)面,turn left,go down/along,take a taxi,Peoples Hospital,the way to,across from,【重點(diǎn)句型】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成下列句子 1.我很高興你要來(lái)看望我的爸爸。 I am very happy that youre my father. 2.你需要從飛機(jī)場(chǎng)乘坐出租車。 You take a taxi from the . 3.沿著第二大街走并且在新街向右轉(zhuǎn)。 Go the Second Avenue and at the New Street. 4.醫(yī)院就在超市的對(duì)面。 The hospital is the supermarket. 5.我希望盡快見到你。 I hope .,coming to visit,need to,airport,along,turn right,just across from,to see you soon,【單元參考句型】 【單元參考句型】 Could you please tell me? Excuse me.Do you know? Go to the second floor Excuse me,I wonder if you can help me,Dear Tom, I am very happy that youre coming to visit my father.Now let me tell you the way to the Peoples Hospital. You need to take a taxi from the airport.Go down the Long Street and turn left at the zoo.Then go along the Second Avenue and turn right at the New Street.Go down the New Street and turn left at the Hongxing Supermarket.The hospital is just across from the supermarket. I hope to see you soon. Yours, Huang Lei,范文,名師點(diǎn)評(píng) 首先,郵件內(nèi)容符合圖示,能夠根據(jù)方向所示來(lái)描寫從機(jī)場(chǎng)到人民醫(yī)院的正確路線,內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)單、明了。再次,文章符合郵件的書寫要求,在開頭和結(jié)尾處都運(yùn)用了很自然的過(guò)渡性語(yǔ)言。,與本單元相關(guān)的看圖作文常涉及問(wèn)路和指路。首先,要看清圖片,結(jié)合文字提示,了解圖片所要傳達(dá)的信息。根據(jù)線路圖示編寫對(duì)話或指路的時(shí)候,要明確問(wèn)路人現(xiàn)在所處的地點(diǎn)及其目的地和所要經(jīng)過(guò)的路線。然后,利用所學(xué)的相關(guān)句型,根據(jù)題目要求編寫對(duì)話或者指路。 問(wèn)路、指路時(shí)有時(shí)采用書信體或留言條的形式, 這時(shí)要注意書信和留言條的格式,不要忘記開頭和結(jié)尾的禮貌用語(yǔ),盡量采用所學(xué)的問(wèn)路句型,路線要交代清楚。,寫作指導(dǎo),常用的指路用語(yǔ)有: Go straight along沿著一直走。 Turn left/right.向左/右拐。 Go past走過(guò) You can take a bus.你可以乘公交車。 Its only five minutes walk.步行才五分鐘。 Its on your left/right.它在你的左/右邊。 You wont miss it.你不會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)它的。,寫作指導(dǎo),用所給的選項(xiàng)補(bǔ)全短文 (北京中考)Peter lost his friends book.He felt very sad.Kate broke her moms favorite cup.1 She was so sorry for her mistake. We all make mistakes because were human.And its not always easy to get on well with everyone all the time.Sometimes we hurt peoples feelings although we dont do it on purpose.Sometimes we hurt peoples feelings on purpose.2 So we apologize(道歉). An apology tells someone that were sorry for our mistakes.Its a way to show that well try to do better in future.,用所給的選項(xiàng)補(bǔ)全短文 Apologies are one of the tools to build good friendships and relationships.When you say “Im sorry”,you probably feel bad because what you did or said hurt another person.3,youre also saying that you respect the other person,and care about his or her feelings.Apologizing shows you have empathy(同感). After apologizing,you might feel a little better.4 When you apologize in a caring way,you might feel good because you are trying to make things right again.,【詞匯積累】 purpose目的;目標(biāo) respect尊敬;尊重 friendship友誼;友情 caring表示或感到關(guān)懷或關(guān)心的,A.Then she cried. B.But we feel bad later. C.When you say “ I am sorry” D.And you want to return his book. E.The other person will probably feel better,too.,The man who has made up his mind to win will never say “ Impossible”. -Napoleon 凡是決心取得勝利的人是從來(lái)不說(shuō)“不可能”的。 -拿破侖,