Reading,Warming up,How much do you know about plants?,DISCUSSION:,Did you know that:,1. some plants do not have flowers?,2. some plants have roots that live in the air?,3. some plants eat meat?,4. some plants need animals to pollinate them?,5. some plants grow on other plants?,6. plants are adapted to live in specific environments?,7. people buy plants that come from other countries for their gardens?,8. a new plant does not always grow from a seed?,Special plants,Pre-reading,Do you have a courtyard or some pot plants on your balcony? Do you know where these plants come from? Are they Chinese plants or do they come from another country?,When you last visited a public garden, did you look at the individual plants there? Were there any plants from other countries?,How do you think plants have traveled from one country to another?,Joseph Banks,Dr Nathaniel Ward,The Wardian case,Robert Fortune (1812-1880) represented the Horticultural Society of London (now the Royal Horticultural Society) as a collector in China shortly after the Treaty of Nanjing had brought the Opium War to a close. Through his use of the Wardian case, Fortune was able to introduce many of the best-known Chinese garden plants into cultivation in Europe and North America.,Père Paul Guillaume Farges (1844 - 1912),French missionary and naturalist. Born at Monclar-de-Quercy, Tarn-et-Garonne. He was sent to China in 1867 and remained stationed in north-east Sichuan until 1903. Although he had always nurtured an interest in the local flora and fauna, it was not until 1892 that he started to collect herbarium specimens in earnest. During the eleven years before he moved south to Chongqing, he collected and preserved over 4,000 specimens.,Dove Tree,Ernest Henry Wilson (1876 - 1930),Scan the title of the reading passage and the pictures and predict what it is about?,Plant Exploration in the 18th And 19th centuries,the beginning,when:,Not until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries,Who:,European middle classes,European nations,What:,Taking great interest in collecting plants,When:,By the middle of the 18th century,Who:,French Catholic missionaries,What:,Father dIncarville was sent to _ to _ _ of trees and bushes including those of the _ _ _,Beijing,collected seeds,Tree of Heaven,Result:,Seeds of the tree of Heaven were sent to _, and were grown _ _ . In 1784, It was_ in _ _,England,Throughout Europe,introduced,North America,When:,In 1769,Who:,Sir Joseph Banks,What:,Banks_ _ of plants none of which had been recorded by_ .,collected lots,Europeans,A change,When:,nineteenth centuries,Who:,Dr Nathaniel Wards,What:,The invention of _,Wardian case,Result:,In 1833, ward _ two cases of British plants to Australia all the plant _ journey.,shipped,survived,the six-month,When:,between 1843 and 1859,Who:,Robert Fortune,What:,He not only introduce _ _ to _ _ but he also shipped _ _ from _ to_,Then,120,species of plants,western,garden,plants,Shanghai,India,tea,When:,The second half of nineteenth century,Who:,Father Farges,What:,He collected the seeds of _ _ and brought them to _.,Dove Tree,France,When:,1899,Who:,E H Wilson,What:,He introduced many new plants to_,At last,Western garden,Skimming,Read the passage quickly and try to get the main idea of this passage?,Reading,Scanning,T or F Questions:,1. The plants in our garden grew in China originally.,F,2. The American Middle Classes took great interest in collecting new plants during the 18th and 19th centuries.,F,3. French Catholic missionaries were beginning to set themselves up in China by the middle of the 18th century.,4. After Father d Incarville died, some Tree of Heaven seeds were sent to England.,F,Banks, together with James Cook, collected many examples of plants in Australia.,6. Keeping plants alive during long land or sea voyage was very difficult, which caused the Wardian Case to be invented.,7. Robert Fortune introduced over 120 species of plants to Western Gardens, because he could easily travel everywhere in China.,8. During the second half of the 19th century, many Catholic missionaries were sent to China, and they collected many seeds of plants, which were sent back to France.,F,Read the text carefully and match each person to the thing he did. 1. Father dIncarville 2. Sir Joseph Banks 3. Dr Nathaniel Ward 4. Father Farges 5. Robert Fortune 6. E H Wilson,b,f,d,c,e,a,a. collected lots of seeds of the Dove Tree,b. sent Tree of Heaven seeds to England,c. sent the seeds of the Dove Tree back to France,d. shipped two cases of British plants to Sydney,e. shipped 20,000 tea plants to India,f. collected vast quantities of plants in Australia,Detailed reading:,Try to get the main idea of each paragraph:,Para 1:,explains when plant collecting began.,Para 2:,describes when and where plant collecting began on a large scale by Europeans.,Para 3:,talks about French Catholic missionaries who collected plants in China in the 18th century.,Para 4:,is about the famous British plant collector, Sir Joseph Banks, who collected many new plants in Australia.,Para 5:,explains the problems of keeping plants alive on long trips.,Para 6:,describes an experiment carried out by Dr Nathaniel Ward who invented a glass case in which to transport plants on long journeys.,Para 8:,is about Father Farges, a French Catholic missionary who collected plants in China in the 19th century.,Para 7:,is about Robert Fortune, a British plant collector who made several trips to China in the 19th century.,Para 9:,Describes how many European plant collectors, such as E H Wilson, went to China so that new plants could be introduced to gardens in the West.,Structure:,Part I:,Para1-2 the beginning of plant collecting,Part II:,Para3-4 the exploration of plants in the 18th century,Part III:,Para 5-7 the invention and use of Wardian case,Part IV:,Para 8-9 the exploration of plants in the 19th centry,Comprehending,Time,People/plants,Historic Events,In 1500 B.C,Father dIncarville,sent ships to gather plants, animals and other goods,the Queen of Egypt,in the 1740s,was sent to Beijing,tree of Heaven seeds,collected plants in Australia,In 1784,the Tree of Heaven tree,In 1751,arrived in England,In 1769,Sir Joseph Banks,was introduced into North America,In 1833,shipped two cases of British Plants to Sydney,Robert Fortune,During the second half of the 19th century,were sent to China from France,Nathaniel Ward,1843-1859,made several trips to China,many Catholic missionaries,Father Farges,collected a large quantity of the seeds of the Dove Tree in China,In 1897,sent seeds of Dove Tree From China to France,In 1899,E H Wilson,Imagine:,Suppose three of you are botanists (植物學(xué)家), and one is a captain. Now each botanist wants the captain to bring his plant home. But the captain can take only one plant, so each must try his best to explain his reason to persuade the captain into taking his own plant.,Discussion,If you are a botanist from Britain and you are asked by the King to collect seeds of trees from China ,What will you prepare? why? Do you think plant exploration is meaningful ? why?,Homework,1. Finish off the exercises in the workbook.,2. Learn the text by heart.,