第三部分 寫作技能培優(yōu) 第一講 寫好五種基本句型，簡單句變得更簡單,一、主語(S)謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞V) 此句型中的謂語動(dòng)詞要用不及物動(dòng)詞或相當(dāng)于不及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞短語。本身句意完整，后面不需要賓語，但可以跟作句子狀語的副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句。 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太陽東方升起西方落下。 He has been standing there.他一直站在那里。,二、主語(S)謂語(及物動(dòng)詞V)賓語(O) 此句型中的謂語動(dòng)詞需要用及物動(dòng)詞或相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的短語。本身句意不完整，后面必須要跟賓語，即動(dòng)作的承受 者，句子意思才完整。 During holidays，he enjoys music every day. 假期的每天他都在享受音樂。 Some of the students are always longing for holidays. 有些學(xué)生總是渴望著放假。,三、主語(S)系動(dòng)詞(V)表語(P) 此句型也可以稱為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。側(cè)重說明主語是什么或怎么樣，謂語動(dòng)詞常用系動(dòng)詞be，表語必須用可以表示主語身 份、狀態(tài)的形容詞，也可以是名詞、介詞短語、不定式或分詞等來構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語。 Its getting cool，so I feel a bit cold. 天變得涼爽了，所以我感覺有點(diǎn)冷。 She is much younger than I她比我年輕多了。,四、主語(S)謂語(及物動(dòng)詞V)間接賓語(IO)直接賓語(DO) (1)此句型中的謂語動(dòng)詞比較特殊，必須跟兩個(gè)賓語，即指物的直接賓語和指人的間接賓語，句子意思才能表達(dá)完整。后跟雙賓語的動(dòng)詞有：do，give，hand，lend，offer，owe，pass，pay，send，show，tell，wish，write，buy，choose，fetch，bring，get，leave，make，order，play，save，sing, spare等。 Mother sent me an email about her coming yesterday. 昨天我媽媽給我發(fā)了一封她要來的電子郵件。,(2)通常情況下間接賓語在前，直接賓語在后；有時(shí)也可把間接賓語置于直接賓語后，此時(shí)間接賓語前需加介詞for或to。間接賓語后置與for連用的動(dòng)詞有buy，make，cook，get，choose，sing，find等。間接賓語后置與to連用的動(dòng)詞有g(shù)ive, lend，teach，take，return，send，pass等。 (2013·高考陜西卷·寫作)My mother gave me a hug.母親給我一個(gè)擁抱。 Finally she lent her book to me. 最后她把書借給了我。,五、主語(S)謂語(及物動(dòng)詞V)賓語(O)賓語補(bǔ)足語(OC) 此句型中的動(dòng)詞雖然是及物動(dòng)詞，但是只跟一個(gè)賓語還不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分來說明賓語，才能使句子意思完整。能作賓語補(bǔ)足語成分的有：名詞、形容詞、副 詞、介詞短語、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞等。 When I saw him sleeping during class，I became very angry.當(dāng)我發(fā)現(xiàn)他在課上睡覺時(shí)，我非常生氣。 Please keep the window open，or the room is too hot. 請(qǐng)開著窗，否則屋里太熱了。,.判斷下列句子所屬的類型 1In other words，we are the master of our own future. _ 2This morning our teacher told us something about the Hope Project in class. _ 3A blind man was walking slowly and carefully with a stick in his hand. _,主語系動(dòng)詞表語,主語謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)間接賓語直接賓語,主語謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞),4Should we sacrifice our childrens future for our own interests? _ 5Friends made my life full of excitement，imagination and romance. _,主語謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)賓語,主語謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語,.用簡單句翻譯下列各句，并寫出所屬的基本句式 1這是我的媽媽。 _ 2她是一個(gè)普通的家庭婦女。 _ 3剛才她坐在這里。 _ 4她在看電視。 _,This is my mother.(主語系動(dòng)詞表語),She is an ordinary housewife.(主語系動(dòng)詞表語),Just now she was sitting here.(主語謂語),She is watching TV.(主語謂語賓語),5我感到意外。 _ 6她在哭泣(weep)。 _ 7什么事可使她高興？ _,I felt surprised.(主語系動(dòng)詞表語),She was weeping.(主語謂語),What could make her happy？(主語謂語賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語),8我給她講了一個(gè)滑稽可笑的故事。 _ 9她情不自禁地笑了起來。 _,I told her a very funny story.(主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語),She couldnt help laughing.(主語謂語賓語),.添加細(xì)節(jié)和關(guān)聯(lián)詞用5個(gè)簡單句合并成一篇短文 _,This is my mother，an ordinary housewife.Just now she was sitting here，watching TV.Much to my surprise，she was weeping.In order to make her happy，I told her a very funny story.Sure enough，she couldnt help laughing.,