走向高考 · 英語,路漫漫其修遠(yuǎn)兮 吾將上下而求索,人教版(課標(biāo)卷地區(qū)) · 高考總復(fù)習(xí),寫作素能培養(yǎng),第三部分,第二講 寫好五種基本句型， 簡(jiǎn)單句變得更簡(jiǎn)單,第三部分,一、主語(S)謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞V) 此句型中的謂語動(dòng)詞要用不及物動(dòng)詞或相當(dāng)于不及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞短語。本身句意完整，后面不需要賓語，但可以跟作句子狀語的副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句。 The sun rises. 太陽升起來了。 He has been standing there. 他一直站在那里。,二、主語(S)謂語(及物動(dòng)詞V)賓語(O) 此句型中的謂語動(dòng)詞需要用及物動(dòng)詞或相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的短語。本身句意不完整，后面必須要跟賓語，即動(dòng)作的承受者，句子意思才完整。 During holidays，he enjoys music every day. 假期的每天他都在享受音樂。 Some of the students are always longing for holidays. 有些學(xué)生總是渴望著放假。,三、主語(S)系動(dòng)詞(V)表語(P) 此句型也可以稱為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。側(cè)重說明主語是什么或怎么樣，謂語動(dòng)詞常用系動(dòng)詞be，表語必須用可以表示主語身份、狀態(tài)的形容詞，也可以是名詞、介詞短語、不定式或分詞等來構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語。 It's getting cool，so I feel a bit cold. 天變得涼爽了，所以我感覺有點(diǎn)冷。 She is much younger than I. 她比我年輕多了。,四、主語(S)謂語(及物動(dòng)詞V)十間接賓語(IO)十直接賓語(DO) (1)此句型中的謂語動(dòng)詞比較特殊，必須跟兩個(gè)賓語，即指物的直接賓語和指人的間接賓語，句子意思才能表達(dá)完整。后跟雙賓語的動(dòng)詞有：do，give，hand，lend，offer，owe，pass，pay，send，show，tell，wish，write，buy，choose，fetch，bring，get，leave，make，order，play，save，sing，spare等。 Mother sent me an email about her coming yesterday. 昨天我媽媽給我發(fā)了一封她要來的電子郵件。,(2)通常情況下間接賓語在前，直接賓語在后；有時(shí)也可把間接賓語置于直接賓語后，此時(shí)間接賓語前需加介詞for或to。間接賓語后置與for連用的動(dòng)詞有buy，make，cook，get，choose，sing，find等。間接賓語后置與to連用的動(dòng)詞有g(shù)ive，lend，teach，take，return，send，pass等。 Finally she lent her book to me. 最后她把書借給了我。,五、主語(S)十謂語(及物動(dòng)詞V)十賓語(O)十賓語補(bǔ)足語(OC) 此句型中的動(dòng)詞雖然是及物動(dòng)詞，但是只跟一個(gè)賓語還不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分來說明賓語，才能使句子意思完整。能作賓語補(bǔ)足語成分的有：名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞等。 When I saw him sleeping during class，I became very angry. 當(dāng)我發(fā)現(xiàn)他在課上睡覺時(shí)，我非常生氣。 Please keep the window open，or the room is too hot. 請(qǐng)開著窗，否則屋里太熱了。,.判斷下列句子所屬的類型 1In other words，we are the master of our own future. _ 2This morning our teacher told us something about the Hope Project in class. _ 3. A blind man was walking slowly and carefully with a stick in his hand. _,4Should we sacrifice our children's future for our own interests? _ 5Friends made my life full of excitement，imagination and romance. _ 答案：1.主語系動(dòng)詞表語 2主語謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)間接賓語直接賓語 3主語謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞) 4主語謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)賓語 5主語謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語,.高考單句翻譯 1我真誠地希望你給我一次機(jī)會(huì)，我確信我會(huì)成為一個(gè)好主席。(主語謂語直接賓語間接賓語) _ 2那之后，我掃地擦地板。(主語謂語賓語) _ 3這學(xué)期末，我成為我們班最好的選手之一。(主語系動(dòng)詞表語結(jié)構(gòu)) _,4在中國，理科生要比文科生需求量大得多。(主系表結(jié)構(gòu)) _ 5這種行為讓我陷入了深深的思考。(主語謂語賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語) _ 6高中生面臨著文理科的選擇。(主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，be faced with) _,答案：1.I sincerely hope you can give me a chance and I'm sure I will be a good president. 2After that，I swept and mopped the floor. 3At the end of the term，I became one of the best players in my class. 4Science graduates are in greater demand than arts ones in China. 5Such behavior left me deep in thought. 6High school students are faced with a choice between arts and science.,