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2019年高中英語(yǔ) 小題狂刷01 Unit 1 Warming Up Pre-reading Reading prehending（含解析）新人教版必修2 Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空 結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 1． We all feel it is Jack as well as his wife that is ________ (blame) for their son’s bad performance at school. 2． Nothing can prevent me ________ (finish) my work. I’ll carry on with it. 3． Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you won’t have time to get ________ (change) before the party. 4． ________ (expose) to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin. 5． China opened ________website on the South China Sea, plete with historical maps, articles and research, for some information online is not correct. 6． —You should have thanked her before you left. —I meant _______, but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere. 7． Radium, ______ (discover) in the chemistry lab, gave off a blue light. 8． It refers to something in the past which is directly linked ________ the present time. 9． _________ newspapers and the Internet have in mon is that they do more than simply record what happens. 10．The British government has issued a new visa policy _________ allows foreign students to stay six months more after their course ends. 【答案】 1. to blame 2. finishing 3. changed 4. Being exposed 5. a 6.to 7. discovered 8. to/with 9. What 10. that/which Ⅱ.選詞填空 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，用方框中所給短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空。（每個(gè)短語(yǔ)僅使用一次） under construction be absorbed into apart from bee interested in die of look into expose...to… (be) suspected of put forward slow down 1． ____________ stopping water pollution by law, it is everyone’s responsibility to make good use of water. 2． I like watching English programmes so I ____________ English. 3． We consider it quite necessary to __________ the failure before doing anything else. 4． The train _________ suddenly, the lights went off, and then there was fire and smoke. 5． My mother ____________ cancer when I was 10 years old, so I have to learn to live alone. 6． Potatoes turn green when they ______________ the light. 7. With the development of economy, our countryside is increasingly __________ the large cities. 8． The naughty boy was ____________ having damaged the puter. 9． Many people are likely to accept any idea __________ by experts on TV. 10． A new eight-kilometer road is ____________ that links the airport with the city. 【答案】 1. Apart from 2. bee interested in 3. look into 4. slowed down 5. died of 6. are exposed to 7. being absorbed into 8. suspected of 9. put forward 10. under construction Ⅲ. 單項(xiàng)填空 1．I don’t think this doctor will ________ him of his heart disease. A．recover B．cure C．treat D．help 【答案】B 2．The writer was so ________ in her work that she didn’t notice him enter the room. A．a(chǎn)bandoned B．focused C．a(chǎn)bsorbed D．centered 【答案】C 【解析】be absorbed in“專注于，全神貫注于……”。 3．After the stranger left, suspicion(猜疑)________ among the villagers. A．rose B．a(chǎn)rose C．raised D．lifted 【答案】B 【解析】arise“產(chǎn)生，出現(xiàn)”，符合題意。rise指主語(yǔ)自身移向較高的位置，往往指自然界的日、月等的“升起”；raise指把某物從低處升到高處；lift指用體力或機(jī)械力舉起某物。 4．Yesterday the firemen ________ the ground carefully，but were not able to find any ________ glass. A．examined；breaking B．cared；broken C．examined；broken D．cared；breaking 【答案】C 5．Take care during the holidays! Drinking too much can ________ heart disease and cause high blood pressure. A．contribute to B．deal with C．a(chǎn)ttend to D．devote to 【答案】A 【解析】此處contribute to表示“造成，促成”。 6．I’ll ________ the matter as soon as possible. Just have a little patience. A．look over B．look on C．look into D．look for 【答案】C 【解析】句意為：我會(huì)盡快調(diào)查這件事的，請(qǐng)有點(diǎn)耐心。look into“調(diào)查，審查”，符合題意。look over“查看，檢查”；look on“旁觀，看待”；look for“尋找”。 7．Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ________ in a short period. A．improved B．improving C．to improve D．improve 【答案】A 【解析】賓語(yǔ)written English與improve之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。 8．The students were sitting in the classroom with their eyes ________ on the teachers. A．fixing B．fixed C．were fixed D．being fixed 【答案】B 【解析】賓語(yǔ)eyes與fix之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。 9．It’s a pity that the young girl drowned herself after all her hopes were________. A．beaten B．defeated C．failed D．realized 【答案】B 【解析】defeat有“希望、計(jì)劃等遭到破壞”的意思。 10．A ________ traffic accident happened on the highway，but the driver was not ________ for the traffic accident. A．severe；to be blamed B．severely；to be blamed C．severe；to blame D．severely；to blame 【答案】C 【解析】第一個(gè)空應(yīng)該選擇一個(gè)形容詞，排除B、D兩項(xiàng)；be to blame(for)意為“應(yīng)為……承擔(dān)責(zé)任，該為……受責(zé)備”。 11．________ good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes. A. Far from B. Apart from C. Instead of D. Regardless of 【答案】B 12．I ________ everyone make full use of time. A．wish B．hope C．want D．suggest 【答案】D 【解析】suggest作“建議”講時(shí)，其后的賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“(should)＋動(dòng)詞原形”。 13．We walked as fast as we could, ________ to get there on time. A．hoping B．to hope C．hoped D．being hoped 【答案】A 【解析】此處考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。 14．Only when I left my parents for Italy ________ how fortable it was to live in our home country. A．I realized B．I had realized C．did I realize D．had I realized 【答案】C 【解析】only后接狀語(yǔ)從句置于句首時(shí)，句子需部分倒裝。D項(xiàng)時(shí)態(tài)不正確。 15．For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit ________ on his own farm. A．grown B．being grown C．to be grown D．to grow 【答案】A Ⅳ. 完成句子 1．夏季，我們通常把時(shí)鐘向前撥快一小時(shí)，以便充分利用夏天的日光。 In summer，we usually ________________ one hour to take advantage of the summer daylight. 2．你憑什么懷疑錢是他偷的？ What makes you ________________ the money? 3．我做好了為這一錯(cuò)誤負(fù)責(zé)的準(zhǔn)備。 I am ready to ________________ the mistake. 4．證據(jù)顯示湯姆與這起槍擊案有關(guān)。 Evidence shows that Tom ________________ the shooting. 5．我被命令在這兒等候，一直到那位老師來后再走。 I’ve been ________________ here until the teacher arrives. 【答案】 1.put the clocks forward　 2.suspect him of stealing　 3.take the blame for　 4.is linked to/with　 5.instructed to wait Ⅰ. 完形填空 I recently heard a story about a famous scientist who had made several very important medical breakthroughs (突破). He was being interviewed by a reporter who asked him 1 he thought he was able to be so much more 2 than the average person. He responded that it all came from a(n) 3 with his mother that happened when he was about two. He had been trying to 4 milk from the fridge when he 5 the slippery (光滑的) bottle, its contents running all over the kitchen floor. When his mother came in, 6 shouting at him or giving him a lecture, she said, ＂Robert, what a great and wonderful 7 you have made! I have 8 seen such a huge pool of milk. Well, the damage has already been 9 . Would you like to get down and 10 in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?＂ His mother said, ＂You know, what we have here is a 11 experiment in how to carry a big milk bottle with two 12 hands. Let’s fill the bottle with water and see if you can 13 it.＂ The little boy learned that if he 14 the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. What a wonderful 15 ! This scientist then said that it was at that moment that he knew he didn’t need to be 16 to make mistakes. Instead, he learned that mistakes were just 17 for learning something new, which is, 18 , what scientific experiments are all about. Even if the experiment ＂doesn’t 19 ＂, we usually learn something 20 from it. 1．A. why B. what C. when D. how 2．A. active B. absent C. creative D. honest 3．A. idea B. experience C. accident D. defeat 4．A. carry B. replace C. remove D. protect 5．A. fell B. lost C. escaped D. dropped 6．A. in honor of B. instead of C. in spite of D. in place of 7．A. picture B. mass C. map D. mess 8．A. rarely B. happily C. frequently D. angrily 9．A. got B. suffered C. done D. received 10．A. jump B. play C. enjoy D. handle 11．A. failed B. successful C. fantastic D. painful 12．A. strong B. tiny C. thin D. expert 13．A. get B. put C. try D. make 14．A. controlled B. analyzed C. broke D. held 15．A. cure B. teaching C. lesson D. instruction 16．A. concerned B. nervous C. athletic D. afraid 17．A. situations B. chances C. times D. turns 18．A. after all B. above all C. first of all D. in all 19．A. do B. finish C. go D. work 20．A. lovable B. severe C. valuable D. interesting 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】一位科學(xué)家為什么能夠與眾不同？這與他母親對(duì)他的教育有關(guān)。兩歲時(shí)，他把奶瓶掉在地上，牛奶撒了一地，媽媽沒有批評(píng)他，反而鼓勵(lì)他嘗試如何把瓶子抓好，因?yàn)殄e(cuò)誤往往是學(xué)習(xí)新知識(shí)的良機(jī)。媽媽的做法也培養(yǎng)了他勇敢地面對(duì)失敗、敢于擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)钠焚|(zhì)。 4. C【解析】句意：他一直盡力把牛奶從冰箱里拿出來，此時(shí)瓶子從手中滑落。carry＂攜帶＂；replace＂ 取代＂；remove＂移動(dòng)＂；protect＂保護(hù)＂。remove...from是固定搭配，意思是＂從……地方拿走/移 開＂，故選C。 5. D【解析】根據(jù)后文語(yǔ)境he could carry it without dropping it可知，他把瓶子掉到地上了。故選D。drop 與fall兩者都可表示＂掉，落＂，區(qū)別如下：fall表示＂落下＂，多指無意的行為，有自然墜落之意， 且通常是不及物動(dòng)詞；drop既可指無意的行為，即表示＂落下（不及物）＂，也可指有意的行為，即 表示＂投下（及物）＂。 6. B【解析】媽媽沒有因?yàn)槟唐康袅?，牛奶灑了一地而?duì)他喊叫或者講一番道理。in honor of＂紀(jì)念＂； instead of＂代替，而不是＂； in spite of ＂盡管＂；in place of＂人或物替代其他人或物＂。 7. D【解析】句意：你弄得可真夠亂的。下文媽媽提到make a mess。make a mess是固定搭配，意思是＂ 搞得亂七八糟＂。故選D。picture＂照片＂；mass＂團(tuán)，塊＂；map＂地圖＂；mess＂臟亂；混亂＂。 8. A【解析】句意：＂我＂很少見到這么一大攤牛奶。由上文可知媽媽說兒子這個(gè)亂子不小，因此下文 對(duì)應(yīng)地說＂很少＂見到這種情況。故rarely＂很少＂符合句意；happily＂高興地＂；frequently＂經(jīng)常 地＂；angrily＂生氣地＂。 9. C【解析】句意：既然已經(jīng)造成了損害。suffer＂遭受＂；do damage是固定搭配，意為＂損害＂，這 里用了被動(dòng)形式，故選C。 10. B【解析】句意：你愿意在牛奶中玩一會(huì)兒然后我們?cè)偈帐案蓛魡?？jump＂跳＂，play＂玩＂；enjoy＂ 喜歡＂；handle＂處理＂。get down and play 相當(dāng)于get down to playing，故選B。 11. A【解析】他把奶瓶掉在地上，所以應(yīng)該說是一次失敗的經(jīng)歷。failed＂失敗的＂；successful＂成功 的＂；fantastic＂不可思議的＂；painful＂痛苦的＂，故選A。 12. B【解析】前文提到他當(dāng)時(shí)只有兩歲，所以他的手應(yīng)該是小的：tiny＂小的＂。故選B。strong＂強(qiáng)壯 的＂；thin＂瘦的＂；expert＂熟練的＂。 13. D【解析】句意：把瓶子里裝滿水，看看你能不能做好。get it＂明白了＂；put it＂放＂；try it＂試試 看＂；make it＂成功＂。 故選D。 14. D【解析】句意：小男孩學(xué)會(huì)了如果他兩只手抓住上邊靠近瓶口的地方，他就可以抓住奶瓶不掉落了。 control＂控制＂；analyze＂分析＂；break＂打碎＂；hold＂握?。?。故選D。 15. C【解析】通過自己親手做讓孩子知道怎么做，這一課上得很精彩。cure＂治愈＂；teaching＂教學(xué)＂； lesson＂課，教訓(xùn)＂；instruction＂命令；指示＂。故選C。 16. D【解析】句意：科學(xué)家在那一刻也明白了他不必害怕犯錯(cuò)誤。concerned＂擔(dān)心的＂；nervous＂緊 張的＂；fearful＂可怕的＂；athletic＂運(yùn)動(dòng)的＂。固定短語(yǔ)be afraid to do sth.意為＂不敢做某事＂，故 選D。 17. B【解析】句意：他懂得了錯(cuò)誤只是他學(xué)習(xí)新東西的機(jī)會(huì)。 situation＂局面＂； chance＂機(jī)會(huì)＂；time＂ 時(shí)代，次數(shù)＂；turn＂轉(zhuǎn)彎＂，故選B。 18. A【解析】句意：通過以上的經(jīng)歷，科學(xué)家的感受是：科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)終究是試驗(yàn)一個(gè)又一個(gè)的錯(cuò)誤。after all＂畢竟；終究＂，符合句意；above all＂最重要的是＂；first of all＂首先；第一＂；in all＂總共； 合計(jì)＂。 Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical munity（醫(yī)學(xué)界） 1 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 2 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical munity was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 3 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 4 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 5 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 6 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 7 (be) full of fat and salt; by 8 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃點(diǎn)心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 9 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 10 is not good for the health. 1. as 考查介詞。句意：這一趨勢(shì)最初始于醫(yī)學(xué)界作為一種對(duì)抗心臟病的方法。as表示“作為，以…… 身份”，故填as。 2. effects 考查單復(fù)數(shù)。分析語(yǔ)境可知作者表達(dá)的意思是“一些不為人知的副作用”，根據(jù)前文的some 可知“side effect”(副作用)有很多，故填effects。 3. to process 考查不定式。句意：他們被要求加工食物。require表示“要求”，require sb. to do sth.表示“要 求某人做某事”，被動(dòng)形式為“sb. be required to do sth.”(某人被要求做某事)。故填to process。 4. are removed 考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)脂肪和鹽分從食物中被去掉。分析可知fat，salt和move之間是 被動(dòng)關(guān)系，脂肪和鹽分是兩種東西，且是被人們?nèi)サ簦杂帽粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填are removed。 5. a 考查冠詞。 固定短語(yǔ)as a result表示“結(jié)果”。句意：結(jié)果，人們將吃更多的食物去彌補(bǔ)損失的 東西。故填a。 6. worse 考查比較級(jí)。句意：更糟糕的是，人們所吃快餐的數(shù)量增加了。故填worse。 7. is 考查主謂一致。句意：快餐食物中滿是脂肪和鹽。fast food的意思是“快餐”，表示一類食物，為 不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。故填is。 1. (xx ? 天津卷改編)I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing, but she refused to ________ and insisted she go. A. take off B. set off C. give up D. show up 【答案】C 【解析】根據(jù)I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing可知，她拒絕放棄，堅(jiān)持要去。 A.脫下，起飛；開始流行；B.啟程，引發(fā)；C.放棄；D.出現(xiàn)。故選C。 2.（xx ? 江蘇卷）Parents should actively urge their children to _________ the opportunity to join sports teams. A. gain admission to B. keep track of C. take advantage of D. give rise to 【答案】C 【解析】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。gain admission to 獲準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入；keep track of記錄；take advantage of利用；give rise to引起；根據(jù)句意可知C項(xiàng)正確。 3．（xx ? 浙江卷）Most people work because it’s unavoidable. , there are some people who actually enjoy work. A. As a result B. In addition C. By contrast D. In conclusion 【答案】C 4．（xx ? 天津卷） ______in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching. A. To absorb B. To be absorbed C. Absorbed D. Absorbing 【答案】C 【解析】句意：全神貫注于繪畫中，約翰沒有注意到晚上到了。be absorbed in全神貫注于，在句中作狀語(yǔ)。故選C。本題考查的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為高中重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法之一。在分析題目的時(shí)候，首先要抓住非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所對(duì)應(yīng)的邏輯主語(yǔ)，確定邏輯主語(yǔ)之后，再分析非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和邏輯主語(yǔ)在搭配使用時(shí)是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，最后根據(jù)句意選擇正確的答案。 5. (xx ? 浙江卷)When the group discussion is nearing it send, make sure to ________ it with important points. A. conclude B. lead C. avoid D. hold 【答案】A 【解析】句意：當(dāng)小組討論即將結(jié)束的時(shí)候，要注意確保用要點(diǎn)來總結(jié)所討論的內(nèi)容。conclude ＂得出結(jié)論，做總結(jié)＂，符合句意。lead帶路；avoid避免；hold容納。 6. (xx ? 湖北卷)The team are working hard to ________ the problem so that they can find the best solution. A. face B. prevent C. raise D. analyze 【答案】D 7. (xx ? 浙江卷改編)The study suggests that the cultures we ________(grow) in influence the basic processes by which we see world around us. 【答案】grow up 【解析】本句中suggests作＂表明，說明＂講，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣。結(jié)合句子中的we see和所給動(dòng)詞可知此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形，且結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知此處應(yīng)用grow up。