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2019年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 增分篇 專題巧突破 專題一 語法 專題限時檢測（二）形容詞、副詞和介詞（短語） 1．(xx·蘇、錫、常、鎮(zhèn)高三一模)The man was in a ______condition with severe injuries to his legs after being attacked by a shark in far north Queensland. A．skeptical　　　　　　 B．critical C．practical D．physical 解析：選B　句意：那個男子在昆士蘭偏遠(yuǎn)的北部地區(qū)被一條鯊魚攻擊后，腿部受傷嚴(yán)重，病情危急。critical此處意思為“嚴(yán)重的” ，符合語境。skeptical“懷疑的”；practical“切實可行的”；physical“身體的”。 2．(xx·南通、徐州高三聯(lián)考) The female driver was criticized online after being beaten up for ______ lane changes. A．a(chǎn)brupt B．offensive C．a(chǎn)ccidental D．slight 解析：選A　句意：這個女司機(jī)因為突然變道被打后在網(wǎng)上受到批評。abrupt“突然的”；offensive“冒犯的”；accidental“偶然的”；slight“輕微的”。 3．(xx·南京、淮安高三一模)If they throw stones at you, don't throw back. Use them to build your own foundation ________. A．somehow B．a(chǎn)nyway C．instead D．nevertheless 解析：選C　句意：如果他們向你扔石頭，不要扔回去，相反用這些石頭建自己的地基。instead“代替，反而”，符合語境。somehow“不知怎地”；anyway“無論如何”；nevertheless“不過，然而”。 4．(xx·鎮(zhèn)江高三一模)More employers now offer fresh college graduates ________jobs, hoping to seek out experienced candidates. A．contemporary B．temporary C．permanent D．primitive 解析：選B　句意：現(xiàn)在更多的雇主給大學(xué)畢業(yè)生提供臨時工作，希望找到有經(jīng)驗的應(yīng)征者。contemporary“當(dāng)代的”；temporary“暫時的”；permanent“永久的”；primitive“原始的”。 5．(xx·南通、泰州、揚州高三一模)There are no ______proposals to reduce the road accidents. We are still seeking inspiration. A．contradictory B．concrete C．confidential D．controversial 解析：選B　句意：沒有具體的減少道路事故的建議。我們?nèi)匀辉趯ふ异`感。contradictory“矛盾的”；concrete“具體的”；confidential“機(jī)密的”；controversial“有爭議的”。 6．(xx·南京師大附屬實驗學(xué)校高三檢測) China may as well keep its growth rate above 7 percent. ________， the rate may be set between 6 to 7 percent, for the sake of a healthy environment. A．Differently B．Alternatively C．Accordingly D．Conversely 解析：選B　句意：中國可能會保持7%以上的增長率。或者，為了健康的環(huán)境，這個增長率可能設(shè)置在6%和7%之間。alternatively“二者擇其一地，或者”，符合語境。differently“不同地”；accordingly“相應(yīng)地，因此”；conversely“相反地”。 7．(xx·常州高三一模)In order to attract American students to the ________Chinese arts, Zhao and her team have turned to master musicians, magicians and martial artists. A．a(chǎn)uthentic B．confidential C．tentative D．a(chǎn)rtificial 解析：選A　句意：為了使地道的中國藝術(shù)對美國學(xué)生具有吸引力，趙和她的團(tuán)隊向音樂家、魔術(shù)師及武術(shù)家們請教。authentic“真正的，地道的”；confidential“機(jī)密的”；tentative“試驗性的，暫定的，躊躇的”；artificial“人造的，仿造的”。 8．(xx·南通、徐州高三聯(lián)考) Rather than sticking to the principles stubbornly, China is now adopting a new concept in economic policies in a(n) ______ way that shows its own characteristics. A．sustainable B．flexible C．invisible D．a(chǎn)vailable 解析：選B　句意：不是固執(zhí)地堅持原則，中國正在用靈活的方法，在經(jīng)濟(jì)政策方面現(xiàn)在采納一個新概念，這展示了它獨特特征。flexible“靈活的”，符合語境。sustainable“可持續(xù)的”；invisible“不可見的”；available“可利用的”。 9．(xx·蘇、錫、常、鎮(zhèn)高三一模) ________individual players, we have a great team but the problem is that they don't play football together well at all. A．On top of B．By means of C．In terms of D．In case of 解析：選C　句意：就球員個人來說，我們有一支偉大的球隊。但問題在于他們在一起踢球時根本踢不好。in terms of“在……方面”，符合語境。on top of“除了”；by means of“通過……方式”；in case of“萬一，如果”。 10．(xx·常州高三一模) We'd visited the village without warning and selected our interview subjects ________， so that we would get the real data. A．beyond description B．in particular C．by accident D．a(chǎn)t random 解析：選D　句意：我們在沒有預(yù)約的情況下拜訪了這個村子，隨機(jī)選擇采訪對象，以便得到真實的數(shù)據(jù)。beyond description“無法形容，難以形容”；in particular“尤其，特別”；by accident“偶然，意外地”；at random“隨機(jī)地，任意地”。 11．(xx·南通市高三一模)Many universities throughout the world provide scholarships for students ________financial aid. A．in favour of B．in need of C．in the face of D．in honour of 解析：選B　句意：世界上很多大學(xué)給那些需要經(jīng)濟(jì)支持的學(xué)生提供獎學(xué)金。 in favour of“支持”；in need of“需要”；in the face of“面對”；in honour of“為了紀(jì)念，為向……表示敬意”。 12．(xx·通、泰、揚、徐、淮、宿高三一模)Though lacking the necessary working experience, my cousin got the job ________her confidence and flexibility. A．in terms of B．in response to C．by virtue of D．with respect to 解析：選C　句意：雖然我表妹缺乏必要的工作經(jīng)驗，但是她憑借她的自信和靈活性得到了那份工作。in terms of“就……而言，在……方面”；in response to“響應(yīng)，回答，對……有反應(yīng)”；by virtue of“憑借……的力量”；with respect to“關(guān)于，至于”。 13．(xx·蘇北四市高三一模)Pingyao has been listed as a world heritage site by UNESCO_____ its conserved ancient city layout. A．in charge of B．in defence of C．in search of D．in recognition of 解析：選D　句意：平遙已被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列為世界文化遺產(chǎn)，這是對平遙保存完好的古城布局的認(rèn)可。in charge of“負(fù)責(zé)，主管”；in defence of“保護(hù)，防護(hù)，為……辯護(hù)”；in search of“尋找，搜尋”；in recognition of“作為對……的認(rèn)可”。 14．(xx·江蘇省重點中學(xué)高三聯(lián)考) Purchases online are to be believed provided that you and the seller have municated and reached a promise ________the wishes of both parties. A．in defense of B．in view of C．in line with D．in pany with 解析：選C　句意：只要你和所聯(lián)系的賣家就雙方的意愿達(dá)成一致，網(wǎng)上購物是可以信賴的。in line with“一致”，符合語境。in defense of“防衛(wèi)，為……辯護(hù)”；in view of“鑒于”；in pany with“一起”。 15．(xx·江蘇省如皋中學(xué)高三調(diào)研)________weather forecasting, GOES-R, a USA recently launched satellite, will be part of an international search and rescue network. A．In terms of B．With respect to C．In the event of D．In addition to 解析：選D　句意：除了天氣預(yù)報，一個美國最近發(fā)射的衛(wèi)星GOES-R 將作為國際搜尋和救援網(wǎng)絡(luò)的一部分。in terms of“在……方面”；with respect to“關(guān)于，談到”；in the event of“萬一， 倘若”；in addition to“除了”。 1．(xx·蘇北四市高三二模)In China, the most ________Spring Festival custom is making dumplings in the north while new year cakes in the south. A．temporary B．punctual C．a(chǎn)uthentic D．stubborn 解析：選C　句意：在中國，最地道的春節(jié)習(xí)俗是北方人包餃子，南方人吃年糕。temporary“暫時的，臨時的”；punctual“準(zhǔn)時的，守時的”；authentic“地道的，真實的”；stubborn“頑固的，固執(zhí)的”。 2．(xx·南京、淮安高三三模)—Why can't John land a ________ job in years? —Anyone with criminal records will be laid off first when it es time to let staff go. A．rewarding B．demanding C．worthwhile D．stable 解析：選D　句意：“為什么約翰這幾年不能找到一份穩(wěn)定的工作？”“當(dāng)?shù)浇夤蛦T工的時候，任何有犯罪記錄的人首先會被解雇?！眗ewarding“有回報的”；demanding“苛刻的”；worthwhile“值得做的”；stable“穩(wěn)定的”。 3．(xx·連云港、宿遷、徐州高三三模) Instead of hiding behind walls, a defender sometimes must ________engage and disable enemy forces before they strike. A．flexibly B．a(chǎn)ctively C．primitively D．conservatively 解析：選B　句意：防御者有時候不應(yīng)該躲在墻后，而是要在敵軍發(fā)動攻勢之前，主動開戰(zhàn)，使敵人喪失攻擊能力。actively“積極地，主動地”，符合語境。flexibly“靈活地，有彈性地”；primitively“最初地”；conservatively“謹(jǐn)慎地，保守地”。 4．(xx·南通、泰州、揚州高三三模)What made them miss the deadline was not their lack of funding, but ________their lack of planning. A．even B．still C．rather D．ever 解析：選C　句意：讓他們錯過截止日期的不是他們?nèi)狈Y金而是他們沒有計劃。not ...but rather ...“不是……而是”，符合語境。 5．(xx·鹽城市高三三模)The sum total of housework should be divided, according to household needs, and be assigned to members, ________with their will and skill. A．concerned B．familiar C．consistent D．a(chǎn)ssociated 解析：選C　句意：家務(wù)活應(yīng)根據(jù)家庭需要分配給家庭成員，并且要與家庭成員的意愿和能力相一致。be consistent with“與……一致，相符”，符合語境。be concerned with“與……有關(guān)”；be familiar with“對……熟悉”；be associated with“與……聯(lián)系、有關(guān)”。 6．(xx·蘇、錫、常、鎮(zhèn)二模)Learning from ________ mistakes can help us keep conscious and avoid repeating them in the days to e. A．previous B．curious C．obvious D．ridiculous 解析：選A　句意：從過去的錯誤中學(xué)習(xí)能夠讓我們保持清醒，避免在以后重復(fù)犯這樣的錯誤。previous“以前的，過去的”，符合題意。curious“好奇的”；obvious“顯而易見的”；ridiculous“滑稽的，可笑的”。 7．(xx·南通高三二模)While reading, try to develop a more ________ attitude, instead of accepting everything at face value. A．realistic B．critical C．a(chǎn)mbiguous D．casual 解析：選B　句意：在閱讀的時候，努力養(yǎng)成一個更加批判性的態(tài)度，而不能一味地接受。critical“批判的”，符合題意。realistic“現(xiàn)實的，實際的”；ambiguous“模棱兩可的”；casual“非正式的；漫不經(jīng)心的”。 8．(xx·南京、鹽城高三二模)—Your car should be ready next Tuesday. —We were ________ hoping you'd be able to do it by this Friday. A．still B．rather C．a(chǎn)lways D．even 解析：選B　句意：“你的車下周二應(yīng)該可以準(zhǔn)備好?！薄拔覀儗幵改銈儽局芪蹇梢耘??！眗ather“寧愿，寧可”，符合語境。 9．(xx·南通高三三模)To find the missing boy as soon as possible, they were advised to turn to the Internet ________ dialing 110. A．in addition to B．in favor of C．in response to D．in return for 解析：選A　句意：為了盡可能快地找到失蹤的孩子，他們被建議除了撥打110外還要求助于網(wǎng)絡(luò)。in addition to“而且，況且，除了……還”，符合句意。in favor of“贊同，支持”；in response to“對……做出反應(yīng)”；in return for“作為……的回報”。 10．(xx·鎮(zhèn)江高三二模)The life you live will expand or shrink ________the measure of courage you display. A．in proportion to B．in place of C．in petition with D．in return for 解析：選A　句意：你的生活會根據(jù)你展示出的勇氣而按照比例延伸或縮小。 in proportion to“與……成比例”，符合語境。in place of“代替”；in petition with“與……競爭”；in return for“作為……的回報”。 11．(xx·南京、鹽城、連云港高三二模)Hopefully, the new method will be effective, helping students to get their career plans________. A．a(chǎn)t hand B．a(chǎn)t will C．on trial D．on track 解析：選D　句意：希望這種新方法能有效果，能幫助學(xué)生們的職業(yè)規(guī)劃步入正軌。at hand“在手邊，即將到來”；at will“隨意，任意，隨心所欲”；on trial“在試驗中”；on track“步入正軌，上軌道”。 12．(xx·連云港、宿遷、徐州高三三模) Any reform of the government should be ________the popular mood and times. A．in tune with B．in preference to C．in light of D．in terms of 解析：選A　句意：政府的任何改革都應(yīng)該與主流想法和時代潮流一致。in tune with“與……一致”；in preference to“而不是”；in light of“根據(jù)，鑒于，從……的觀點”；in terms of“在……方面，依據(jù)”。 13．(xx·蘇州高三三模)________speed and flexibility, the China's anti-ship missile CM-302 also has a greater destructive power than others in the market. A．On the contrary to B．Apart from C．On behalf of D．Little more than 解析：選B　句意：除了速度和靈活性，中國的反艦導(dǎo)彈CM-302比起市場上其他導(dǎo)彈更具有殺傷力。on the contrary“相反地”；apart from“除……之外(還)”；on behalf of“代表”；little more than“僅僅是”。 14．(xx·蘇北三市三模)The two panies have agreed on the main items written on the contract ________， but they still have to negotiate the details. A．in all B．in hand C．in vain D．in general 解析：選D　句意：這兩家公司對于合同上的一些主要條款大體上達(dá)成了共識，但是細(xì)節(jié)上還要商量。in general“基本上，大體上”，符合句意。in vain“徒勞，白費”；in all“總共”；in hand“在手頭；在進(jìn)行中”。 15．(xx·南通高三三模)She was not adequately prepared for the interview, and lost the chance ________. A．in advance B．in consequence C．by design D．by accident 解析：選B　句意：她沒有為面試做好充足的準(zhǔn)備，所以錯失了這個機(jī)會。in consequence“結(jié)果，所以”，符合句意。in advance“提前”；by design“故意地”；by accident“偶然地”。 1．The parents decide to grow the water plant in a(n) ________ glass bottle so that their children can see the roots growing. A．precious B．environmental C．delicate D．transparent 解析：選D　句意：這對父母決定把這株水生植物種在一個透明的玻璃瓶里以便他們的孩子可以看到(它的)根部的生長。根據(jù)題干中的“so that their children can see the roots growing”可知，此處選D項“透明的”。precious“珍貴的”；environmental“環(huán)境的”；delicate“精美的，精致的”。 2．Generally, the pany has a preference for those who have ________ experience and skills in the job. A．unique B．previous C．unforgettable D．a(chǎn)ppropriate 解析：選B　句意：通常來說，公司會青睞那些以前有過類似工作經(jīng)驗和技能的人。unique“獨特的，獨一無二的”；previous“先前的”；unforgettable“難忘的”；appropriate“適當(dāng)?shù)摹薄? 3．Big business failure as he is faced with, he remains ________ and believes things will be much different next time. A．considerate B．elegant C．patient D．optimistic 解析：選D　句意：盡管他面臨著生意上的巨大失敗，但是他仍然保持樂觀心態(tài)并相信下次事情會非常不一樣的。根據(jù)句中的“believes things will be much different next time”可知，應(yīng)用optimistic“樂觀的，積極的”。considerate“體貼的”；elegant“優(yōu)雅的”；patient“耐心的”。 4．How can you have a good impression of a doctor who doesn't give you ________ instructions on when and how to take the medicine? A．a(chǎn)mbiguous B．explicit C．original D．impressive 解析：選B　句意：一個醫(yī)生不能清楚地向你說明該何時服藥以及如何服藥，你怎么能對他有好感呢？ambiguous“模棱兩可的”；explicit“清楚明白的”；original“原來的”；impressive“令人印象深刻的”。 5．Chemical pollution will bring about a threat to agriculture and food chain, and ________ to human health. A．frequently B．significantly C．steadily D．consequently 解析：選D　句意：化學(xué)污染將給農(nóng)業(yè)和食物鏈帶來威脅，因此也會威脅到人類健康。frequently“頻繁地”；significantly“有重要意義，顯著地”；steadily“穩(wěn)定地”；consequently“因此”。 6．The miniputer has WiFi, a huge memory and super fast processor. ________， it's so small that it fits in a shirt pocket. A．Therefore B．However C．Moreover D．Rather 解析：選C　句意：這款迷你電腦支持WiFi，具有大容量的存儲器和超級快的處理器。而且，它是如此小以至于可以被放進(jìn)襯衫口袋里。moreover表示“另外，而且”，符合語境。therefore“因此”；however“然而”；rather“更確切地說”。 7．His family was in Pakistan for a wedding two weeks ago. They were supposed to leave on Sunday, but were unable to ________ flight delays. A．a(chǎn)s for B．in addition to C．due to D．in spite of 解析：選C　句意：兩周前，他的家人去巴基斯坦參加一個婚禮。他們本應(yīng)該周日離開的，但是因為航班延誤而未能離開。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“由于(due to)航班延誤”，故選C項。as for“至于”；in addition to“除了”；in spite of“不管，不顧”。 8．The central government attached great importance to scientific innovations, made a series of major policies and adopted a number of plans________. A．in this honor B．on the behalf C．in this regard D．on the event 解析：選C　句意：中央政府非常重視科學(xué)創(chuàng)新，制定了一系列重大政策，并在這方面采取了很多方案。in this regard“在這方面”，符合句意。 9．The president hoped for greater trust between the two nations, more trade, more cultural exchanges —______， genuine peace. A．or else B．in short C．for one thing D．by the way 解析：選B　句意：這位總統(tǒng)希望兩國之間能夠增進(jìn)互信，增加貿(mào)易(往來)和文化交流?？偠灾褪?兩國之間)有真正的和平。in short“總而言之，簡單地說”，符合語境。or else“否則，要不然”；for one thing“一來，一方面”；by the way“順便提一下，附帶問一句”。 10．________ the increasing number of traffic accidents caused by drunk driving, tougher measures should be taken. A．In spite of B．In parison with C．In view of D．In accordance with 解析：選C　句意：鑒于酒駕導(dǎo)致的交通事故不斷增加，(人們)需要采取更嚴(yán)厲的措施。in spite of“盡管”；in parison with“同……相比”；in view of “鑒于，考慮到”；in accordance with“依據(jù)，按照”。