2019年高中英語 Module 3 Violence of Nature Period 3 Grammar（語法專題課）課后閱讀作業(yè) 外研版必修3. 閱讀理解It was once thought that air pollution affected only the area immediately around large cities with factories and heavy automobile traffic. Today, we know that although these are the areas with the worst air pollution, the problem is actually worldwide. On several occasions over the past decade, a heavy cloud of air pollution has covered the entire eastern half of the United States and led to health warnings even in rural areas away from any major concentration of manufacturing and automobile traffic. In fact, the very climate of the entire earth may be affected by air pollution. Some scientists feel that the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the air resulting from the burning of fossil fuels(coal and oil)is creating a“greenhouse effect”holding in heat reflected from the earth and raising the worlds average temperature. If this view is correct and the worlds temperature is raised only a few degrees, much of the polar ice cap will melt and cities such as New York, Boston, Miami, and New Orleans will be under water. Another view, less widely held, is that increasing particulate(微粒、顆粒)matter in the atmosphere is blocking sunlight and lowering the earths temperaturea result that would be equally disastrous. A drop of just a few degrees could create something close to new ice age and would make agriculture difficult or impossible in many of our top farming areas. At present we do not know for sure that either of these conditions will happen(though one recent government report prepared by experts in the field concluded that the greenhouse effect is very likely). Perhaps, if we are very lucky, the two tendencies will offset each other and the worlds temperature will stay about the same as it is now. 【語篇概述】本文闡述了大氣污染可能導致的兩種結果。1. As pointed out at the beginning of the passage, people used to think that air pollution. A. caused widespread damage in the countrysideB. affected the entire eastern half of the United StatesC. had damaging effects on healthD. existed merely in urban and industrial areas【解析】選D。細節(jié)理解題。由文章開頭可知。過去人們認為空氣污染主要存在于大城市中。2. As far as the greenhouse effect is concerned, the author. A. shares the same view with the scientistsB. is uncertain of its occurrenceC. rejects it as being ungroundedD. thinks that it will destroy the world soon【解析】選B。推理判斷題。文章第一段論述了溫室效應可能會使全球氣溫上升, 第二段又談到污染也可能會使大氣溫度下降, 根據(jù)“At present we do not know for sure that either of these conditions will happen. . . ”可知B項正確。3. It can be inferred from the passage that. A. lowering the worlds temperature merely a few degrees would lead many major farming areas to disasterB. raising the worlds temperature only a few degrees would not do much harm to life on earthC. almost no temperature variations have occurred over the past decadeD. the worlds temperature will remain constant in the years to e【解析】選A。細節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的第二句可知A項正確。其他幾項均不符合文中所列事實。4. This passage is mainly concerned with. A. the greenhouse effectB. the burning of fossil fuelsC. the potential effect of air pollutionD. the likelihood(可能性)of a new ice age【解析】選C。主旨大意題。文章闡述了大氣污染可能導致的兩種結果: 升溫和降溫。所以只有C項正確。. 語法填空閱讀下面材料, 在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Earthquakes are something that people fear. There 1. _ (be)some places that have few or no earthquakes. Most places in the world, 2. _ , have them regularly. Countries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite 3. _ (mountain). The most talked about earthquake in the United States was in San Francisco in 1906. Over 700 people 4. _ (die)in it. The strongest one in North America was in 1964. It happened in Alaska. Strong earthquakes are not always the 5. _ (one)that kill the most people. In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded 6. _ (feel)in Portugal. Around 2, 000 people died. In 1923, a very strong earthquake hit Tokyo, the Yokohama area of Japan. A hundred and forty thousand people died, most of 7. died in fires which followed the earthquake. One of the worst earthquakes ever was in China in 1976. It killed a large number of people. The worst earthquake ever 8. _ (record)was also in China, 9. _ which 400, 000 people were killed or injured. This earthquake happened in 1556. Earthquakes worry people a lot. The reason is 10. _ we often do not know when they are ing. People can not prepare for it. 【語篇概述】文章向我們介紹了人們對地震的恐懼以及地球上發(fā)生的有記載的有影響的地震。1. 【解析】are。考查倒裝結構。這是一個there be句型。句意: 有些地方幾乎沒有或不發(fā)生地震。主語是some places, 故謂語動詞應用are。2. 【解析】however?？疾楦痹~。很顯然, 該句所說的“世界上很多地方經(jīng)常發(fā)生地震”和上一句“有些地方幾乎沒有或不發(fā)生地震”是轉折關系, 故用however。3. 【解析】mountainous?？疾樵~性轉換。在系動詞后作表語用形容詞形式mountainous, 意為“多山的”。4. 【解析】died?？疾闀r態(tài)。1906年發(fā)生的事情, 所以用過去時態(tài)。5. 【解析】ones?？疾榇~。根據(jù)句子的謂語動詞are以及定語從句中的謂語動詞形式kill可知用復數(shù)。6. 【解析】was felt?？疾闀r態(tài)和語態(tài)。地震是被感覺到的, 并且這次地震發(fā)生在過去, 故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。7. 【解析】whom。考查非限制性定語從句的關系詞。作of的賓語, 代替上文的先行詞people, 故用whom。8. 【解析】recorded。考查非謂語動詞。record和earthquake是動賓關系, 故用過去分詞表被動。9. 【解析】in?？疾榻樵~。后面的which代替的是先行詞“The worst earthquake”, 故用介詞in?！狙a償訓練】句子仿寫(用適當?shù)慕樵~填空)The man _ whom you should write is Mr White. Do you still remember the day _ which we met for the first time? He lost the book _ which he kept many telephone numbers. 答案：to on in10. 【解析】that?？疾槊~性從句的引導詞。引導一個表陳述的表語從句, 故用that。