2019年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題三 閱讀理解 第三節(jié) 題組訓(xùn)練 9 人物介紹+科普知識(shí)+環(huán)境保護(hù)+時(shí)文報(bào)道(xx·河西區(qū)二模)How did one man prove that small kindnesses add up?My family first met Wally Urtz，the gentle，modest manager of our local supermarket，on a windy day nearly 20 years ago just after wed moved to Hastings-on-Hudson，a New York City suburb.As my wife made her way to the stores exit，attending her groceries and two small children，Wally rushed up beside her.“Ill get those，young lady，” he said brightly，taking her bags and leading her to the parking lot.Now that may seem like no big dealexcept that these days things like that so seldom happen.Our story，as it turned out，was typical.Among Hastingss 8,000 people living here，almost everybody had at least one about Wallys politeness and generosity.There were the times hed reach into his own pocket when someone was short of money；the times hed show small kindnesses to someone whod just lost a loved one or who was in the middle of divorce；the many，many times hed put himself out for older people.“He just appreciated that when people get older，their lives get smallerthey dont drive，their friends have passed onand how much it means to be treated warmly，” one woman，Kathy Dragan said.“When my mother was in her 80s，it was a treat for her to go to the store.” Wally would call out to the shop clerk and say，“You give her whatever attention she needs.” Shed tell me，“Hes kinder to me than some people Ive known all my life.”Yet few of us fully understood what Wally meant to the peoples life of our munityuntil he was sent to another store 20 miles away.For some unknown reason，the Food Emporium chain had decided to replace 67-year-old Wally after 26 years due to “operational issues related to operating a store the size of the one in Hastings”No one could believe it.Word spread quickly.Neighbors called each other seeking the feeling of emotional fort.Some planned to bring Wally back and staged protest marches outside the store.Others flooded the local newspaper with angry letters.The mayor took up the cause.Even the police tried to set things right.A grocer seems an unlikely figure to set off such an emotional outpouring(流露)What he did shows the remarkable effect Wallya man of endless warmth and good humorhad on people.語篇解讀本文描寫了Wally Urtz先生無私地關(guān)心周圍的人，尤其是老年人的事跡，以及大家對(duì)他的感恩和擁護(hù)。1According to the passage，which of the following statements is TRUE?AWally Urtz is always ready to help others every day.BWally Urtz is a man who wants to draw attention to him.CWally Urtz helped the authors wife on purpose.DThe author had known Wally Urtz before we moved to Hastings-on-Hudson.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段的內(nèi)容可推知A項(xiàng)正確。2The purpose of Kathy Dragans words in Paragraph 4 is to show that .Ain the whole life of Kathy Dragans mother，Wally is the kindest person to herBwhen people get older，they would like to live by themselvesCWally had always cared about helping the older peopleDyou should give your old mother whatever attention she needs答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句中的“.the many，many times hed put himself out for older people.”及第四段內(nèi)容可知，Kathy Dragan說的話是為了表明Wally總是關(guān)心幫助老年人。3Whats peoples reaction to Wally Urtzs being moved away?ANo one paid much attention to it.BMany people objected to it in different ways.CThe police supported it with all their heart.DThe mayor thought it was a good idea.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Some planned to bring Wally back and staged protest marches outside the store.Others flooded the local newspaper with angry letters.”可知，很多人用不同的方式反對(duì)Wally Urtz先生的調(diào)動(dòng)，故選B。4It can be inferred from the passage that .Aa person in the grocery can easily express his feelings out to othersBa person full of warm-heartedness and humor has a great influence on peopleCthe mayor didnt look into the reason of peoples emotional outpouringDthe author had joined in the plan of bringing Wally back答案B解析推理判斷題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容，尤其是最后一段中的“What he did shows the remarkable effect Wallya man of endless warmth and good humorhad on people.”可知選B。5Which of the following is the best title for this passage?AWally Urtz and Old PeopleBA Food Shopping GrocerCWally Urtzs Being Moved AwayDWally Urtza Man of Endless Warmth答案D解析標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要講述了Wally Urtz先生對(duì)周圍的人尤其是對(duì)老年人無私的關(guān)心，給大家?guī)Я藷o盡的溫暖，故D項(xiàng)符合。BHuman beings are the most intelligent of all animals because we are gifted with the ability to think and reason logically.Scientists and even mon people with special intelligence have made a lot of inventions and contributions to modern lifestyle in the past and even now.Many household items have been the result of inventions of people who desired better functioning of the existent products.Every individual has intelligence and if it is used properly for the right purpose it leads to invention of a new tool or device.Many new household inventions are made almost every day and there are specific panies，which particularly keep a record of all these inventions.A lot of inventions have been made recently in the household field.These products are patented and have trade mark licenses.The patented sliding cinch is a very simple but effective method to prevent shoulder stress and injury for those who work before puters all day long.Vanity PC is a type of puter furniture that specifically hides all the puter wires and keeps a clean and good look.All the outdoor dust，mud and snow can be kept out of the house by installing the dirt drain(排水管) at the entrance of the door.Another important invention is the automatic toilet night-light，in which a small light starts when the lid of the toilet seat is opened and closes as soon as the lid is closed.These are some of the new household inventions invented mostly by mon people.Thus，a variety of new household items are invented every day，which help in a better functioning of household chores and in a more useful manner.6The first paragraph is intended to .Astress the importance of inventionsBshow the advantages of modern lifestyleCintroduce the topic of the articleDtell the differences between human beings and animals答案C解析寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容，尤其是“Scientists and even mon people with special intelligence have made a lot of inventions and contributions to modern lifestyle in the past and even now.”可知，第一段主要介紹了文章的主題，故選C。7According to the passage，people make house inventions to .Aimprove the present living conditionsBearn more money and gain awardsCaccumulate their wealthDmeet the new demands of new science答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段首句“Many household items have been the result of inventions of people who desired better functioning of the existent products.”可知，人們發(fā)明了許多家居用品來改善目前的生活條件，故選A。8It can be inferred that the sliding cinch is used to .Akeep your shoulder safe and sound in an accident or an operationBprevent your shoulder from being over-pressuredChelp you practice your shoulder more often and reduce shoulder painsDcover your shoulder and make it stronger to resist the outside strike答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“The patented sliding cinch is a very simple but effective method to prevent shoulder stress and injury for those who work before puters all day long.”可知，滑動(dòng)肚帶是用來減少肩部壓力和防止受傷的，故選B。9mon people can also make good inventions because .Asome inventions are easy to be made and can be mastered by themBthey have a strong desire to do something for science researchCsuccess is often connected with hardship and bitter experience of mon people Dwisdom and inspiration sometimes e from everyday life答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，普通人也可以做出好的發(fā)明，因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)智慧和靈感來自日常生活，故選D。10The passage mainly talks about .Athe correct use of household facilitiesBdifferent ideas about household inventionsCthe history of household inventionsDhousehold inventions and their influence答案D解析主旨大意題。閱讀全文，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，這篇文章主要講了家用發(fā)明以及它們產(chǎn)生的影響，故選D。C(xx·河?xùn)|區(qū)一模)Researchers around the world have been trying their hand at making better use of the huge amount of wind energy available in nature to produce clean energy.Apart from this，studies are being carried out to harness(利用) usable wind energy produced by man-made technologies.One useful source identified by Indian inventor Santosh Pradhan about two years ago is a speeding train，which produces fierce wind that can be transformed into electricity.According to Pradhans proposal，with a few small improvements in existing trains running in Mumbai，the largest city in India，at least 10,000 megawatts(兆瓦) of electricity could be harvested each day.Building on this principle，designers Ale Leonetti Luparinia and Qian Jiang from Yanko Design have created a device(裝置) called T-Box that harnesses wind energy from speeding trains.T-Box can be placed within the railway tracks.It is half-buried underground between the concrete sleepers(水泥枕木)，which does not disturb the normal train operating at all.According to Yanko，around 150 T-Boxes can be fitted along a 1,000-meter railway track.A train running at a speed of 200 kph can produce winds blowing at 15 miles a second.Based on this calculation,150 T-Boxes can produce 2.6 KWH of electricity per day.The T-Boxs design won a silver medal in last years Lite-On Awards and was exhibited last summer at the Xue Xue Institute in Taipei，Taiwan Province.Though the figures look impressive，it is important to remember that the design is still at a conceptual stage and hasnt taken into account issues such as pieces of waste material produced by the device and the efforts and costs involved in the maintenance(維護(hù)) of the device.We can expect the technology to see the light of the day only after it clears these issues.If so，rail travel，one of the greenest forms of travel，will bee greener and more energy-efficient.語篇解讀本文介紹了一種新的裝置T­Box的發(fā)明，它可以利用加速行駛的列車提取風(fēng)能。如果能投入實(shí)際應(yīng)用，它可以讓我們的出行變得更環(huán)保和更有效。11What can we learn about T-Box?AIt will be fitted on the trains.BIt is based on Pradhans idea.CIt can turn electricity into light.DIt was invented by an Indian scientist.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容“According to Pradhans proposal，with a few small improvements in existing trains running in Mumbai.”及第四段中的“Building on this principle.”可知這個(gè)裝置是基于Pradhan的想法，故選B項(xiàng)。12How much electricity can be produced per day by T-Boxes along a railway track of 100km?A260 KWH. B2.6 KWH.C150 KWH. D1.5 KWH.答案A解析數(shù)字計(jì)算題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句“According to Yanko，around 150 T-Boxes can be fitted along a 1,000-meter railway track.”和第六段第二句“Based on this calculation,150 T-Boxes can produce 2.6 KWH of electricity per day.”可知是2.6乘以100，故選A項(xiàng)。13It can be concluded from the last two paragraphs that .AT-Box has proved to be effective in harvesting windBthe maintenance of T-Box will be costlyCthere is much to do about T-BoxDT-Box will e into use soon答案C解析段落大意題。根據(jù)最后兩段尤其是倒數(shù)第二段第一句“Though the figures look impressive，it is important to remember that the design is still at a conceptual stage.”雖然這個(gè)數(shù)字是很可觀的，但要記住這個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)仍處在概念階段，故還有很多工作要做，故選C項(xiàng)。14According to the passage，which of the following statements is TRUE?AThe Indian inventor Santosh Pradhan invented the speeding train.BThe T-Boxs design won a silver medal in Lite-On Awards last year.CRail travel has bee one of the energy-efficient technologies in the world.DIndia harvests 10,000 megawatts of electricity each day on average.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第三句“The T-Boxs design won a silver medal in last years Lite-On Awards and was exhibited last summer at the Xue Xue Institute in Taipei，Taiwan Province.”可知這個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)在去年的光寶創(chuàng)新獎(jiǎng)獲得銀獎(jiǎng)，故選B項(xiàng)。15The passage is mainly written to .Aencourage more people to travel by trainBexplain the advantages of electricityCtell readers how to save energy and moneyDintroduce a new invention to readers答案D解析寫作目的題。通讀全文知，作者主要向我們介紹了一種新的發(fā)明T-Box，此裝置可以利用加速行駛的列車提取風(fēng)能。 故選D項(xiàng)。D(xx·河西區(qū)一模)In the past，falling oil prices have given a boost to the world economy，but recent forecasts for global growth have been toned down(不容樂觀)，even as oil prices sink lower and lower.Does that mean the link between lower oil prices and growth has weakened?Some experts say there are still good reasons to believe cheap oil should heat up the world economy.Consumers have more money in their pockets when theyre paying less at the pump.They spend that money on other things，which stimulates the economy.The biggest gains go to countries that import most of their oil like China，Japan，and India.But doesnt the extra money in the pockets of those countries consumers mean an equal loss in oil-producing countries，cancelling out the gains？“Not necessarily，”says economic researcher Sara Johnson.“Many oil producers built up huge reserve funds when prices were high，so when prices fall they will draw on their reserves to support government spending and subsidies(補(bǔ)貼) for their consumers.”But not all oil producers have big reserves.In Venezuela，collapsing oil prices have sent its economy into free fall.Economist Carl Weinberg believes the negative effects of plunging oil prices are overwhelming the positive effects of cheaper oil.The implication is a sharp decline in global trade，which has plunged(暴跌) partly because oil-producing nations cant afford to import as much as they used to.Sara Johnson acknowledges that the global economic benefit from a fall in oil prices today is likely lower than it was in the past.One reason is that more countries are big oil producers now，so the nations suffering from the price drop account for a larger share of the global economy.Consumers，in America at least，are acting cautiously with the savings theyre getting at the gas pump，as the memory of the recent great recession(衰退) is still fresh in their mind.And a number of oil-producing countries are trimming their gasoline subsidies and raising taxes，so the net savings for global consumers is not as big as the oil price plunge might suggest.語篇解讀本文論述了石油價(jià)格下跌對(duì)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的影響。16What does the author mainly discuss in the passage?AThe reasons behind the plunge of oil prices.BPossible ways to stimulate the global economy.CThe effect of falling oil prices on consumer spending.DThe impact of cheap oil on global economic growth.答案D解析主旨大意題。由首段最后一句“Does that mean the link between lower oil prices and growth has weakened？”可知，文章講述的是石油價(jià)格下跌與全球經(jīng)濟(jì)增長之間的聯(lián)系，故選D。17Why do some experts believe cheap oil will stimulate the global economy?AManufacturers can produce consumer goods at a much lower cost.BConsumers will spend their saving from cheap oil on other goods.CLower oil prices have always given a big boost to the global economy.DOil prices may rise or fall but economic laws are not subject to change.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段最后一句“They spend that money on other things，which stimulates the economy.”可知選B。18What happens in many oil-exporting countries when oil prices go down?AThey use their money reserves to back up consumption.BThey suspend import of necessities from overseas.CThey reduce production drastically to boost oil prices.DThey try to stop their economy from going into free fall.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“Many oil producers built up huge reserve funds when prices were high，so when prices fall they will draw on their reserves to support government spending and subsidies(補(bǔ)貼) for their consumers.”可知選A。19How does Carl Weinberg view the current oil price plunge?AIt is one that has seen no parallel in economic history.BIt still has a chance to give rise to a boom in the global economy.CIts negative effects more than cancel out its positive effects.DIts effects on the global economy go against existing economic laws.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段第一句“Economist Carl Weinberg believes the negative effects of plunging oil prices are overwhelming the positive effects of cheaper oil.”可知選C。20Why havent falling oil prices stimulated the global economy as they did before?APeople are not spending all the money they save on gas.BOil producers account for a larger portion of the global economy.CThe global economy is likely to undergo another recession.DPeople all over the world are afraid of a further plunge in oil prices.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段第二句“One reason is that more countries are big oil producers now，so the nations suffering from the price drop account for a larger share of the global economy.”可知選B。