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2019年高中英語(yǔ) 小題狂刷03 Unit 2 Warming Up Pre-reading Reading prehending（含解析）新人教版必修1 I. 單詞拼寫(xiě) 1. I am clear about the ________ (用法) of this word at last. 2. If I were captain of a ship, I would take you on a ________ (航行) around the world. 3. Everyone was looking at me — to see how I was going to ________ (指揮). 4. I made up to ________ (攻克) English. Nothing is going to stop me from reaching my goal. 5. His mother tongue was Korean but spoke ________ (流利的) English. 6. He went to America at a young age and it was his first visit to his n________ country since 1948. 7. She had r________ that the door to her room be left open. 8. By this time she was in her nineties and needed help more and more f________. 9. Police are trying to discover the i________ of a baby found by the side of a road. 10. People familiar with the matter said that an o________ announcement could e as early as today. 【答案】 1. usage 2. voyage 3. mand 4. conquer 5. fluent 6. native 7. requested 8. frequently 9. identity 10. official II. 完成句子 1. 因?yàn)檫@場(chǎng)大雨，我們不能去上班。 We can’t go to work ________________________________. 2. 你認(rèn)為哪一個(gè)隊(duì)將贏得這場(chǎng)足球賽? Which team ________________________________will win the football match? 3. 他提出了一個(gè)很好的計(jì)劃。 He __________________________________a good plan. 4. 你將怎樣利用最后一個(gè)月的時(shí)間? How ________________________________ the last month? 5. 他喜歡多種運(yùn)動(dòng)，例如足球、籃球和游泳。 He likes many kinds of sports, ________________________________ football, basketball and swimming. 6. 目前，他正在寫(xiě)一本關(guān)于他的故鄉(xiāng)的書(shū)。 ________________________________, he is writing a book about his hometown. 7. 這部電影是以我們的城市為基礎(chǔ)的。 This film ________________________________our city. 8. 我們工廠女工的數(shù)目是500人。 ________________________________ the women workers in our factory is 500. 9. 即使他邀請(qǐng)我，我也不去參加他的聚會(huì)。 I won’t take part in his party ________________________________. 10. 我們的居民區(qū)沒(méi)有你描述的這種人。 ________________________________ you have described in our neighborhood. 11. 應(yīng)該利用每一分鐘來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。 Every minute ________________________________ to learn English. 12. 我向您寫(xiě)信是想請(qǐng)求您幫我把箱子找回來(lái)。 I am writing to you ________________________________ find the case back. 13. 由于天氣不好，他只好待在家里一整天。 , he had to stay at home a whole day. 【答案】 1. because of the heavy rain 2. do you think 3. came up with 4. will you make use of 5. such as 6. At present 7. is based on 8. The number of 9. even if/though he invites me 10. There is no such man as 11. should be made use of 12. To request you to help me 13. Because of the bad weather III. 翻譯并仿寫(xiě) 1. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. 翻譯： ________________________________________________________________________ 仿寫(xiě)：雖然史密斯先生很忙，但他還是愿意幫我們。 Mr. Smith likes to help us ______________________ ______________________. 2. Why do you think people all over the world want to learn English? 翻譯： ________________________________________________________________________ 仿寫(xiě)：你認(rèn)為我在哪里能夠買(mǎi)到一本這樣的書(shū)？ __________________________________________________________ get such a book? 3. Today more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. 翻譯： ________________________________________________________________________ 仿寫(xiě)：你的英語(yǔ)不久就會(huì)講得比以前更好。 You will soon speak English _____________________ ___________________. 4. At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. 翻譯： ________________________________________________________________________ 仿寫(xiě)：在暴風(fēng)雨中被刮倒的樹(shù)木已經(jīng)被移除出路面。 The trees ______________________________ have been moved off the road. 3. 翻譯：如今說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的人比以往任何時(shí)候都多了，他們有的是作為第一語(yǔ)言，有的是作為第二外語(yǔ)或第三外語(yǔ)。 仿寫(xiě)：much better than ever before 4. 翻譯：起初從公元450年到1150年間英國(guó)人所說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)與今天所說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)很不一樣。 仿寫(xiě)：blown down in the storm IV. 選用方框內(nèi)合適的短語(yǔ)并用其正確形式填空(每個(gè)短語(yǔ)限用一次) because of, at present, such as, make use of, e up 1. Cartoon characters ________ Mickey Mouse and Snoopy are still popular. 2. Our English teacher often ________ English songs to teach us English. 3. When I was standing outside the classroom, a girl ________ to me and introduced herself. 4. ________ more and more people in the world are studying Chinese. 5. The police are advising drivers to slow down ________ the fog. 【答案】 1. such as?? ?? 2. makes use of 3. came up?? ?????? 4. At present 5. because of V. 課文濃縮短文改錯(cuò) As we know, English is regarded as a global language, and the language doesn’t stay same. It has changed over time. Actually all languages change and developed when cultures meet and municate with each other. At first the English speak in England was based more in German than the English spoken at present. Then the new settlers which ruled England enriched the English language and especially it vocabulary. In 1620, some British settler moved to America and by the 19th century the language was settled. English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia. From 1765 to in 1947, English became the language for government and education. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapid. 【答案】 As we know, English is regarded as a global language, the language doesn’t stay same. It has changed over time. Actually all languages change and when cultures meet and municate with each other. At first the English in England was based more German than the English spoken at present. Then the new settlers ruled England enriched the English language and especially vocabulary. In 1620, some British moved to America and by the 19th century the language was settled. English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia. From 1765 to 1947, English became the language for government and education. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing . I. 閱讀理解 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 A New words, and new ways of using old words, appear every day. Twenty years ago, who would have been able to understand a sentence like this: ＂Click here to download your digital book?＂ Nobody. You never stop learning new vocabulary and you never know how long you will need it. Sometimes, you have the word on the tip of your tongue...and it sticks there! But you do know this phenomenon(現(xiàn)象)and don’t think that it is because of a bad memory. You should not give this phenomenon more importance in the language you are learning than in your mother tongue. You need to learn only 2, 000 or so basic words to be able to create any phrase you need.You can’t avoid some work in order to learn these necessary words and all the more if you want to learn quickly. And before you consider buying into any method, be sure it is right for you.It is not wise to depend on any method based upon mnemonics (記憶術(shù)). The first words seem very easy to learn, so you buy the course, but then you discover quickly, though too late, that a dozen words later, it is all the more difficult to learn a new word when you have also to learn the trick to memorize it. 1. From the first paragraph, we can infer that __________. A. there is no need to know all the words of a foreign language B. it is honest to answer ＂no＂ to a question you don’t know C. a baby can know all the new words of its mother tongue D. people find it hard to memorize vocabulary of their language 2. To learn a foreign language, the author advises you __________. A. to remember new words appearing every day B. to keep up with new ways of using old words C. to learn at least 2, 000 necessary words D. to pay more attention to your bad memory 3. The author’s attitude to mnemonics is __________. A. supportive　　　　　 B. neutral C. opponent D. indifferent 4. The passage is mainly about __________. A. using old words in a new way B. learning new words from the context C. finding a method to memorize vocabulary D. learning vocabulary of a foreign language 【答案】 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】學(xué)外語(yǔ)是否有必要記住所有單詞？ 2. C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句＂You need to learn only 2,000 or so basic words to be able to create any phrase you need.＂可知C項(xiàng)為正確答案。 3. C 【解析】推理判斷題。由最后一段中＂It is not wise to depend on any method based upon mnemonics(記憶術(shù)).＂可知，作者對(duì)記憶術(shù)是持否定態(tài)度的。 4. D 【解析】主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)的問(wèn)題，人們總是擔(dān)心自己記憶的詞匯不夠，但是一個(gè)人即使對(duì)自己的母語(yǔ)的詞匯也并不能全認(rèn)識(shí)，所以也就沒(méi)有必要擔(dān)心詞匯量的問(wèn)題，只要掌握一些基本的詞匯就可以了，故D項(xiàng)符合主題。 B Every day, 340 million people speak it. One billion people are learning it and it is said that by 2050, half of the world’s population will be using it. What are we talking about? That global language — English. The English language started in Britain in the 5th century. It is a mixed language. It was built up when German, Scandinavian and French invaders(入侵者) settled in England and created a mon language for munication. Today it is the official language of the UK, the USA, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, South Africa and Ireland as well as many islands in the Caribbean. Many other countries and regions use it for politics and business, for example, India, Pakistan, Nigeria and the Philippines. English is also one of the official languages of Hong Kong. But global advertising and pop music mean that in most countries, you will see or hear some English. Thanks to McDonalds, we all know about "burgers". "fries" and "milkshakes". Songs by Madonna, Britney Spears and Celine Dion are in English. We can sing along, even if we do not understand what we are singing! English is a messy (雜亂的) language. Every year, dictionaries include new words that talk about popular culture, for example, puter-related words such as "blogging", "download" and "chatroom". Also included are words that teenagers use. Who does not know "cool", "OK" and ＂hello＂ ? Other languages also influence English. Many English words e from French. Words like "cafe" and expressions like "c’est la vie" (that is life) are all part of the English language. Words like "kindergarten" e from the German language. Recently, British people have bee interested in "yoga". But the word es from an ancient Hindu language in India. 5. The English language has a history of ___________. A. over 2,000 years B. over 1,500 years C. over 1,000 years D. over 500 years 6. The underlined expression ＂thanks to＂ can be replaced by ___________. A. because of B. thankful to C. not until D. as if 7. How many people in the world are using English now? A. 340 million. B. One billion people. C. Almost all the people in the world. D. Not mentioned above, but the number is growing rapidly. 8. Many countries and regions use it for politics and business except ___________. A. the USA B. Nigeria C. the Philippines D. Norway 【答案】 Ⅱ. 語(yǔ)法填空 閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 (xx· 新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II)In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 1 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 2 work. It took three years to plete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 3 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 4 top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. Steam engines 5 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 6 (fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 7 every day. Later, engineers 8 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the 9 (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 10 (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public. 【答案】 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了地鐵的最初發(fā)展史。 1. crowds 考查名詞。此處表示復(fù)數(shù)概念，crowd前沒(méi)有冠詞，且它是可數(shù)名詞，故填crowds。 2. from 考查介詞。to and from來(lái)回，故填from。 3. laying 考查動(dòng)詞。這里是由and連接的三個(gè)動(dòng)詞-ing形式，故填laying。 4. the 考查名詞。top是名詞，此處其前要用定冠詞the表示特指，故填the。 5. were used 考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。此處表示過(guò)去的被動(dòng)，故填were used。 6. fairly 考查副詞。這里fair是形容詞，pleasant也是形容詞，所以需要將fair變?yōu)楦痹~來(lái)修飾形容詞，故填fairly。 III. 短文改錯(cuò) 假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。 注意： 1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均限一詞； 2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。 Every day, in all kinds of weather, a lot of people go jogging (running slowly). Why has jogging became so popular? Most people start jogging because you hear it is a very good form of exercise. Jogging makes the heart strong and help people control their weight and stay slim. If you jog regular, you needn’t take pills or skip meals to lose weight. Jogging can also make you to feel better. Donald Robbins, he is 42 years old and works in an office, began jogging a few years later because he felt he was overweight. At first he could only run 300 metres, and two years later, he ran a marathon — over 42 kilometres. Do you jog? If you do, be sure to ask your doctor on advice. Does jogging cost much? Almost nothing. But it is very important to have a pair of shoe that are made especially for jogging. If not, when you run on hard ground for a long time it may cause your feet to hurt. 【答案】 Every day, in all kinds of weather, a lot of people go jogging (running slowly).Why has jogging ? so popular? Most people start jogging because ? hear it is a very good form of exercise. Jogging makes the heart strong and ?people control their weight and stay slim. If you jog , you needn’t take pills or skip meals to lose weight. Jogging can also make you ?to ?feel better. Donald Robbins, ? is 42 years old and works in an office, began jogging a few years because he felt he was overweight. At first he could only run 300 metres, ?two years later, he ran a marathon— over 42 kilometres. Do you jog? If you do, be sure to ask your doctor ? advice. Does jogging cost much? Almost nothing. But it is very important to have a pair of ? that are made especially for jogging. If not, when you run on hard ground for a long time it may cause your feet to hurt. 第五處：to去掉 make后加賓語(yǔ)時(shí)要接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，即動(dòng)詞原形，故把to去掉。 第六處：he→who 此處為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是Donald Robbins，指人，故把he改為who。 第七處：later→ago 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處是說(shuō)幾年前他開(kāi)始慢跑，故把later改為ago。 第八處：and→but 此處說(shuō)的是慢跑后與慢跑前的對(duì)比，表示語(yǔ)意的轉(zhuǎn)折，故把a(bǔ)nd改為but。 第九處：on→for ask sb. for sth表示＂向某人要/請(qǐng)求某物＂，故把on改為for。 第十處：shoe→shoes 一雙鞋是兩只鞋，應(yīng)該用shoe的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故把shoe改為shoes。 I. 單項(xiàng)填空 1. (xx·江西) Anyway, we’re here now, so let’s _________ some serious work. A. e up with B. get down to C. do away with D. live up to 【答案】B 2. (xx·浙江) Facing up to your problem _________ running away from them is the best approach to working things out. A. more than B. rather than C. along with D. or rather 【答案】B 【解析】more than超過(guò)，不僅僅，非常；rather than代替，而不是；along with和……一起；or rather更準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)。句意：面對(duì)你的問(wèn)題而不是逃避是解決這些問(wèn)題最好的方法。根據(jù)句意可知B項(xiàng)符合。 3. (xx·北京) _________ the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year. A. As B. When C. Even though D. In case 【答案】C 【解析】句意：盡管森林公園離得遠(yuǎn)，但每年還是有很多游客來(lái)參觀。前后為讓步關(guān)系，選C。 II. 完成句子 1. (xx·江蘇改編)With a sinking feeling, he realized that he ____________(actual) enjoyed doing it. 2. (xx·江蘇改編)War didn’t ____________(actual) last for 100 years and why Spencer Perceval holds a rather unfortunate record. 3. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I改編)It will disappear ____________(gradual). 4. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I改編)It’s ____________ color, and it’s ____________ digital. (actual) 5. (xx·天津改編)I have my doubts that anyone has ____________(actual) followed the procedures strictly. 6. (xx·天津改編)The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow ________________________ (復(fù)活) and breathes because this woman is engaging with it. 7. (xx·天津改編)We are both passionate about acting, which es ____________ us being so interested in people. 8. (xx·江蘇改編)Only 10 yuan ______________________(多于) last year. 9. (xx·江蘇改編)He’s been informed that he doesn’t qualify for the scholarship __________________(由于) his academic background. 10. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II改編)By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to ______________________(多于) 170 wolves. 11. (xx·天津) __________________(由于) the confusion, Merat thinks some car makers will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without operation. 12. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷III) However, these plans were abandoned because ___________ financial problems. 13. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷III改編)This trend, which was started by the medical munity（醫(yī)學(xué)界）as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects __________________(例如) overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical munity was trying to fight. 14. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II改編)If you have a door to your office, __________________(好好利用它). 15. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II改編)However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, __________________(多于) 25,000 people were using it every day. 16. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I改編)The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and __________________(不多于) three inches above, the cup. 17. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I改編)There was no shade as the trees were __________________ (不超過(guò))3 feet tall. 18. (xx·天津改編) When planning Encyclopaedia Britannica (《大英百科全書(shū)》)，I had to create a table of contents __________________ (base) the topics of its articles. 【答案】 1. actually 2. actually 3. gradually 4. actually; actually 5. actually 6. es to life 7. from 8. more than 9. because of 10. more than 11. Because of 12. of 13. such as 14. make good use of it 15. more than 16. no more than 17. no more than 18. based on