甘肅省,英語,第38講 完形填空(一),完形填空。(2014，蘭州) “The grass looks greener on the other side of the fence.” That's an old _1_ in English.It means other places often look better，more interesting than the place _2_ you live.Some people worry _3_ young Chinese are beginning to feel that way.They see young Chinese ignoring Chinese culture and，instead，_4_ Japanese cartoon books，watching Korean soap operas and even celebrating western holidays.,Foreign books and soap operas are good，_5_ Chinese writers and actors are just as good.As for holidays，Christmas is nice，but it can _6_ have the meaning for Chinese that Spring Festival has，and the West has nothing to compare with Mid­autumn Festival.And let's not forget the part of Chinese culture I like best：_7_ friendliness.Not all countries are as _8_ as China. It's good to enjoy other cultures and to learn _9_ them，but they cannot replace your own culture.It's good to look on the other side of the fence，but _10_ you take a good long look.You will find that the grass isn't always greener on the other side of the fence.,( )1.A.saying Bwords Cvoice Dtalk ( )2.A.why Bwhen Cwhere Dhow ( )3.A.if Bthat Cwhat Dwhether ( )4.A.buy Brefusing Crefused Dbuying ( )5.A.but Bso Cor Dbecause ( )6.A.always Bever Cstill Dnever ( )7.A.it Bthey Cits Dtheir ( )8.A.warmer Bwarm Ccold Dcolder ( )9.A.from Bwith Cto Dover ( )10.A.make up Bmake sure Cmake up of Dbe sure to,A,C,B,D,A,D,C,B,A,B,“完形填空”題是一種旨在考查學(xué)生語法和詞匯知識綜合運用能力的典型題型。它結(jié)合了單項選擇題和短文填空的優(yōu)點，既考查詞語搭配、近義詞辨析、動詞時態(tài)、句型結(jié)構(gòu)、復(fù)合句的關(guān)聯(lián)和習(xí)慣用語等，又考查了邏輯推理和事理推斷能力。同學(xué)們只有具備了扎實的語言基本功、較強的閱讀能力及歸納判斷能力，才能較好地完成這一題型。,(一)“完形填空”題要求填入的詞： 1語法結(jié)構(gòu)所要求的功能詞。如連接詞(連接代詞，連接副詞)、關(guān)系詞(關(guān)系代詞，關(guān)系副詞)等。 2具有語法變化的普通詞。如動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣，名詞的數(shù)，代詞的格，形容詞和副詞的等級等。 3固定搭配短語或詞組中的特定詞。如副詞、數(shù)詞、介詞等。 4同義詞、近義詞等易混淆詞。 5根據(jù)上下文意思及結(jié)構(gòu)必須填入的確定詞。,(二)“完形填空”題解題策略： 1解題前要通讀全文，領(lǐng)悟大意。 完形填空常以文章或段落的形式出現(xiàn)，因此，通讀全文，把握文章整體大意尤為重要。很多同學(xué)為了省時間，只看選項，不看文章，不尋找文章中句子與句子之間的關(guān)系，結(jié)果做出來的答案往往是錯誤的。 2解題時要全面考慮，確定選項。 完形填空有些答案的四個選項從詞匯搭配、語法和句子結(jié)構(gòu)等角度考慮均行得通，但由于文章是一個完整的統(tǒng)一體，詞、句、段三者存在著內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系，因此考生還要從上下文中尋找有關(guān)的信息，對文章的情節(jié)進行邏輯推理，抓住含有關(guān)鍵信息的詞語，理順句子之間的關(guān)系，確定正確的答案。其具體做法有：,重視首句尋求信息 完形填空本是一篇殘缺的文章，留下首句可以幫助考生了解文章的主題，可以了解短文的概貌與作者的意圖。要充分利用首句的標(biāo)示作用，利用它為解題找到一個突破口，從而展開思維。,【例1】 My stutter (口吃) had always been much of a problem.I'd had so many specialists for my _ over the years.(2013，北京，35) Aspeech Bstudy Cdream Dfear 解析：由首句“我的口吃已經(jīng)成為一個大問題”可知，作者在說話方式上很“獨特”。speech指“說話方式”。 答案：_,A,My mother only had one eye.And because of this，I never wished her to show up in my school，being afraid that my classmates would _1_ I had an ugly mother.(2014，十堰，41) ( )1.A.run out Bput out Ccome out Dfind out,D,明辨褒貶語境，判斷是非 幾乎每篇完形填空的語境都有一定的褒貶性，這種褒貶性反映了主人公的特定心理、情緒狀態(tài)和作者寫作意圖，因此利用好文章的語境褒貶性就能對文章進行準(zhǔn)確的邏輯判斷，從而在吃透文章并準(zhǔn)確理解文意的基礎(chǔ)上推斷出每一空的準(zhǔn)確信息，找出能反映語境褒貶性的標(biāo)志性詞語或句子，大膽預(yù)測下文。 【例2】 He will never have hopes，dreams or something _.(2013，蘭州，49) Abad Bwore Cgood Dbetter 解析：由上下文可知hopes，dreams都是好的東西，故排除A、B，又由句意可知用比較級“更好的東西”。 答案：_,D,I wanted to get a ride in somebody else's car，but it was dark and there was no car.It was also _2_ to take a taxi. ( )2.A.easy Bdifficult Cearly Dlate,B,巧用平行結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷邏輯 平行結(jié)構(gòu)指的是結(jié)構(gòu)相同或相似、意思密切關(guān)聯(lián)、語氣一致的句子或短語組成串排列的語言現(xiàn)象。平行結(jié)構(gòu)形式上整齊勻稱，內(nèi)容上聯(lián)系緊密。命題者常從平行結(jié)構(gòu)的句式相同或相似這一角度，利用其意義上的關(guān)聯(lián)和對比這一特點來設(shè)題。了解這一點可大大提高解題效率。 【例3】 Jim Smith was a poor boy.One day he was very cold and _.He came to a house and asked a young woman only for a glass of water.(2013，云南，41) Ahot Bhungry Ccool Dstrong 解析：由上文“he was very cold”可知，與cold相對的是“餓”。 答案：_,B,They found that the kids who watched violent cartoons fought with others and _3_ class rules more often.(2014，宜賓，47) ( )3.A.broke Bfollowed Cobeyed Dmade,A,結(jié)合常識，明辨真?zhèn)?【例4】 We can't force life to follow our wishes.The earth won't _ turning whether we accept it or not.(2013，山西，36) Astop Bkeep Cstart 解析：無論我們是否接受，地球都不會停止轉(zhuǎn)動。 答案：_,A,When you do something nice for someone，you shouldn't expect to get anything.But when you do get something，you should be very _4_(2014，鄂州，45) ( )4.A.hopeful Bwonderful Cthankful Dhelpful,C,課文反饋 (一)(2015，蘭州) Once there lived an unhappy king who slept badly and didn't feel like eating anything. This made_1_queen and his people worried. A doctor was called in to_2_him. The doctor said it's all in his mind instead of his body. So_3_medicine nor rest could help him but a shirt of a happy person. The prime minister was called to the palace. When hearing the king's situation, he said, “Although I have much power, it doesn't make me_4_. I'm always worried about losing it.” Then, the king's banker came and said he had lots of wealth, but he also worried about losing it. He was never happy, either. Next, the palace singer came and his words were almost the same.,Finally, the top general was told to find a happy man in_5_time. Luckily, he found a poor man without power, money or fame singing happily on a street. The general asked him _6_made him so happy. The poor man answered that he had everything he wanted and he didn't want those he couldn't have. His songs came from the happiness in his heart. When the general asked for the man's shirt，_7_， the man said, “What shirt? I don't own any shirts！”,( )1.A.a Ban Cthe D. / ( )2.A.examine Bnotice Clook Dwatch ( )3.A.none Bneither Cboth Dall ( )4.A.happily Bunhappily Cunhappy Dhappy ( )5.A.three day Bthree days' Cthree day's Dthree­days ( )6.A.that Bwhich Cwhat Dwhere ( )7.A.to his surprise Bafter all Cas usual Din total,C,A,B,D,B,C,A,(二)(2015，蘭州一診卷) Some people like to eat shark fin soup，especially in Southern China.But _8_the sharks' fins is very cruel.When people catch sharks，they _9_ their fins and throw the sharks back into the ocean.The sharks _10_ die because they can't swim without fins.And it is _11_ harmful to the environment.Sharks are at the _12_ of the food chain.If the number of sharks _13_ too low，it will break the balance of the nature.Please say no _14_ eating shark fin soup，and take action to save the sharks!,( )8.A.get Bgot Cgetting Dgets ( )9.A.cut into Bcut off Ctake off Dlook into ( )10.A.wisely Bslow Cslowly Ddaily ( )11.A.too Beither Cneither Dalso ( )12.A.top Bmiddle Cbottom Dend ( )13.A.rises Bare Cdrops Ddrop ( )14.A.in Bwith Cabove Dto,C,B,C,D,A,C,D,(三)(2015，蘭州模擬卷一) For this month's Young World magazine，I _15_ 19­year­old Asian pop star Candy Wang.I asked Candy _16_ her life was different after she became famous.She explained that there were many good things，like _17_ able to travel and meet new people all the time.“I _18_ to be popular in school，but now I get tons of attention everywhere I go.”However，too much attention can also be a bad thing.“I always have to worry about how I appear to others，and I have to be very careful about what I say or do.And I don't have much private time anymore.Hanging out with friends is almost _19_ for me now because there are always guards around me.”Candy said to all those young people who want to become famous.“You have to be prepared to _20_ your normal life.You can _21_ imagine how difficult the road to success is.You really require a lot of talent and hard work to succeed.”,( )15.A.invited Bintroduced Cinterviewed Dinvented ( )16.A.how Bwhat Cwhen Dwhy ( )17.A.be Bis Cto be Dbeing ( )18.A.don't use Bwasn't used Cdidn't use Dwas used ( )19.A.unimportant Bimpossible Cimpolite Dinexpensive ( )20.A.give out Bgive away Cgive back Dgive up ( )21.A.ever Balways Cnever Dstill,C,A,A,C,B,D,C,(一)The Phone Call(2015，北京) It was getting dark.Paul looked out of the window and sighed (嘆氣)Dad said he would come home by 5：30，but it was almost 7：00.Even if Dad came back，it wouldn't be much fun palying _1_ in the dark.Paul walked into his room and threw his beseball into the corner.He tried to do some homework，but couldn't. The phone rang at about 8：00.It was Dad：“Paul，I'm _2_，but I couldn't play baseball with you tonight.I have to finish my work at the office.Maybe we can play this weekend.Oh no. How about next weekend？” Paul couldn't understand why Dad was so _3_He threw himself into the sofa and soon fell asleep.His book was still opened to the first page.,The next day at school，Paul didn't hand in his homework and _4_ a test.Mrs Green，his teacher，asked him to stay after school.“Paul，you didn't do your homework.You didn't pass the test and only got a DThis isn't like you.What's wrong？” Paul just sat there _5_“Paul，if you don't want to talk，I will.I know that something's worrying you，but you have to get it out.You need to tell someone.” As Paul walked home，he thought of what Mrs Green said.Maybe he didn't do his homework because he wanted to get his dad's _6_He knew Mrs Green was right.He decided to take her advice.,When Paul got home，he _7_ his dad.But there was no answer.Then it went to voicemail (語音信箱)Paul began talking，“Dad，I can't play with you next weekend.I've got lots of problems with my homework.Also，I really don't want to spend another day looking out of the window and waiting.Whenever you _8_ our plans，Dad，it hurts me.It's not too late to rebuild our relationship，but we have to start small.Maybe you can help me with my _9_ sometime.Dad，I love you.” As Paul ended the call，he felt much relaxed.He didn't know whether his dad would be different，but it didn't matter.He himself _10_He expressed his feelings to the right person.He had a clear head as he was doing his homework that evening.,( )1.A.beseball Bcards Cchess Dtoys ( )2.A.lucky Bsorry Csurprised Dpleased ( )3.A.famous Bhelpful Clazy Dbusy ( )4.A.made Bmissed Cfailed Dchose ( )5.A.cheerfully Bcomfortably Chopefully Dquietly ( )6.A.attention Bmessage Cpraise Dtrust ( )7.A.saw Bthanked Ccalled Dgreeted ( )8.A.prepare Bbreak Cfollow Dquestion ( )9.A.choice Bhomework Cspeech Ddecision ( )10.A.regretted Bcomplained Cinsisted Dchanged,A,B,D,C,D,A,C,B,B,D,(二)(2015，陜西) I was once a fat girl.I weighed 336 pounds and looked as big as my fridge.I was never _11_ it.But one day I had a medical examination(體檢)The _12_ told me that I was having heart trouble.It _13_ me up.I began to feel nervous.Then I decided to do something! In a year and five months.I _14_ 104 pounds.What a great thing I did！I didn't have any expensive food，medical treatment(治序) or camp­style(訓(xùn)練營式)exercise.What was the secret to my _15_？,First I looked through the Internet for doityourself _16_ that people could follow on losing weight.Of course I saw countless ads which try to get me to buy their products.But I bought nothing.The only thing I did was to change my bad _17_The following are what I have done.You can try these.Stop drinking some­thing with too much sugar in it._18_ sweet cakes.Eat green vegetables.Use only vegetable oil.Never eat after 6：30 pm.Also，do light exercise for 15 to 20 minutes five days a week. Then I kept doing what I should do.People sometimes say，“You don't need to tell me _19_ to do.I know it already！”But the fact is that knowing what to do and doing what you know are totally _20_The important thing is to know what to do and then just keep doing it.,( )11.A.excited about Bworried about Cproud of Dhappy with ( )12.A.doctor Bfriend Cmother Dteacher ( )13.A.gave Bcheered Cdressed Dwoke ( )14.A.borrowed Blent Clost Dgot ( )15.A.happiness Bsuccess Ckindness Drichness ( )16.A.advice Bnews Cfood Dmedicine ( )17.A.grades Blook Cwish Dhabits ( )18.A.Accept BBring CRefuse DMake ( )19.A.how Bwhat Cwhy Dwhether ( )20.A.easy Bdifficult Csimilar Ddifferent,B,A,D,C,B,A,D,C,B,D,(三)My mother's loving hands(2015，福州) Night after night，she came to help me sleep，even long after my childhood years. I don't remember _21_ it first started making me a little angry­my mom's hands pushing my hair that way.But it really made me uncomfortable，for they _22_ rough(粗糙的)against my young skin.Finally，one night，I_23_ her，“Don't do that any more.Your hands are too rough！”She didn't say anything，_24_she never did it again. Years later，I missed my mother's _25_ and her goodnight kiss on my face.I'm not a little girl any more.My mom is _26_ her mid­seventies，and her rough hands are still doing things for my family and me.,Now my own children have _27_It was late on Thanksgiving Eve.As I slept in my bedroom，a familiar hand ran across my _28_ to push the hair from my head.Then a kiss，ever so softly，touched my brow(額頭) Taking my mom's hand，I told her how _29_ I was for that night I shouted at her.But my mom didn't know what I was talking about.She had forgotten it long ago. That night，I _30_ with a new appreciation(感激)for my mother's caring hands.And the guilt(內(nèi)疚)that I had carried around for so long was nowhere to be found.,( )21.A.when Bwhere Cwhy ( )22.A.looked Bfelt Cseemed ( )23.A.nodded at Bshouted at Claughed at ( )24.A.so Bor Cbut ( )25.A.hands Bwords Csmiles ( )26.A.on Bin Cat ( )27.A.stayed up Bwoken up Cgrown up ( )28.A.nose Bface Cmouth ( )29.A.sorry Btired Crelaxed ( )30.A.left home Bkept working Cfell asleep,A,B,B,C,A,B,C,B,A,D,(四)(2015，烏魯木齊) A group of frogs were traveling _31_ the forest，but unluckily two of them fell into a hole.The other frog tried to help them.When they saw how _32_ the hole was，they cried to the two frogs that they could not be saved.The two frogs didn't care and tried their best to jump up out of the hole.The other frogs _33_ saying that they were sure to die._34_，one of the two frogs heard what the other frogs were saying and _35_Then he fell down and died. However，the other frog _36_ to jump as hard as he could.At last，he made it out.When he _37_，the other frogs asked，“Didn't you hear us？”The frog，who had a poor _38_，explained，“I thought you were encouraging me all the time.”,The story teaches us a _39_：There is power of life and death in the tongue.An _40_ word to those who are down can help them out while a discouraging word can kill them.,( )31.A.cross Bthrough Cacross Dover ( )32.A.deep Bsmall Cbig Dwide ( )33.A.kept Bfinished Cpracticed Dstopped ( )34.A.Luckily B.Finally CSuddenly DHappily ( )35.A.went on Bkept away Cjumped out Dgave up ( )36.A.happened Bcontinued Cplanned Dwanted ( )37.A.got out Bran away Cgot off Dwoke up ( )38.A.smelling Beyesight Chearing Dlooking ( )39.A.way Bskill Csentence Dlesson ( )40.A.interesting Bexciting Cexcellent Dencouaging,B,A,A,B,D,B,A,C,D,D,