New FrontiersBook 7 Unit 20 2 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)排查重點(diǎn)短語突破 句法與語法突破五年高考 最新模擬重點(diǎn)單詞突破 1 基 礎(chǔ) 知 識(shí) 排 查1.mass n.質(zhì)量；物質(zhì)；adj.大量的2.latter n.后者3.handy adj.方便使用的 4.shortly adv.不久；很快5.download vt.下載 重點(diǎn)識(shí)記詞匯 6.update vt.更新7.conflict n.爭執(zhí)；沖突 8.equality n.平等9.stain n.污跡，污點(diǎn) 10.starvation n.饑餓11.in advance預(yù)先 12.welfare n.福利13.give away泄露(秘密) 14.take over接管，接收15.rescue vt.&n.拯救，救援 16.original adj.起初的；最早的17.assess vt.評價(jià)；評估 18.assist vt.幫助；協(xié)助19.procedure n.步驟；程序 20.correspond vi.通信；符合21.meanwhile adv.同時(shí) 22.outspoken adj.直言的，坦率的23.cure vt.治愈 24.exploration n.探測；探險(xiǎn)25.phenomenon n.現(xiàn)象 26.press vt.按；壓27.permanent adj.長久的，永久的 28.enterprise n.企業(yè)29.worn adj.磨損的wear vi.磨損 30.instructor n.指導(dǎo)者；教練instruct v.教導(dǎo)，指導(dǎo)31.donate vt.捐贈(zèng)；贈(zèng)送donation n.捐贈(zèng)32.poison n.毒藥；毒物；v.毒害poisonous adj.有毒的33.declare vt.宣告；宣布declaration n.宣告；宣布34.permit vt.許可，允許；n.許可證；通行證permission n.允許，許可35.technical adj.技術(shù)上的technique n.技術(shù)，技巧technology n.工藝學(xué)；技術(shù) 1.By the year 2030，development in biochemistry and medical science will have made it theoretically possible for us to live for at least 150 years.到2030年，生物化學(xué)和醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展將能夠在理論上使人類生命延長到至少150歲。 必背經(jīng)典句式 2.Due to Chinas rapidly developing space programme，this could be sooner rather than later.由于中國太空計(jì)劃的快速發(fā)展，這可能會(huì)提前而不會(huì)推遲完成。3.Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology，whether lucky or planned，the world as we know it today would have been a completely different place.要是沒有先驅(qū)們在科技上的這些尖端突破，不管這些突破是僥幸的還是計(jì)劃之中的，今天我們所知道的世界就會(huì)是一個(gè)完全不同的地方。 4.I think there will be an invention that will help prevent drivers from getting stuck in traffic jams.我想將會(huì)有一種有助于防止司機(jī)困于交通阻塞的發(fā)明。 -ment payment /peImnt/n.U支付；支付的款項(xiàng)/實(shí)物punishment /pnImnt/n.U&C處罰；懲罰；刑罰statement /steItmnt/n.C聲明；陳述treatment /tritmnt/n.U1.對待；待遇2.治療；療法 構(gòu)詞記憶 2 重 點(diǎn) 單 詞 突 破 latter n.后者(the second of the two)；adj.后者的，后面的(back)the former.，the latter.前者，后者the latter part后部分the latter point后一點(diǎn)the latter year晚年 This latter part is of great importance.后一個(gè)論點(diǎn)是非常重要的。Of the two choices，I prefer the latter.在這兩個(gè)選擇中，我更喜歡后者。 夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)(1)I invited Tom and Mary to my birthday party. _ (前者) is 15 years old and _ (后者) is 14 years old.(2)Of your two examples，I _(更喜歡后者).former the latterprefer the latter The 2 present adj.現(xiàn)存的，當(dāng)前的；在場的，出席的；n.禮物(gift)；目前；v.授予(give.to)；展現(xiàn)，展示；呈現(xiàn)；主持(電視或廣播節(jié)目)應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)at present作為高級(jí)詞匯替換now 16 at present(at the present time)現(xiàn)在；目前be present at 出席in the presence of sb.in ones presence當(dāng)著的面，在面前present sth.to sb.present sb.with sth.向某人贈(zèng)送某物make a present of sth.to sb.(make sb.a present of sth.)把某物贈(zèng)送給某人for the present (for the time being)目前；暫時(shí) Besides，there are some presents I bought for my family members and friends；it will be a great disappointment to me if I cant find the suitcase.而且，箱子里面有我為家人和朋友買的禮物，如果找不到它，我會(huì)很失望。 (重慶書面表達(dá)) 圖解助記 特別提醒present作前置定語時(shí)意為“目前的”；作后置定語時(shí)，意為“出席的，在場的”。 夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)(1)語法填空The boy was punished the presence of all his classmates.Who will be present the concert?The mayor presented him a gold medal at an official city reception. inat with (2)完成句子What he said at the meeting astonished _ _(所有在場的人).They are optimistic about _(目前的形勢). everybodypresent the present situation rescue v.營救；拯救；救援；n.營救；救援應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)作為高級(jí)詞匯替換 save rescue sb./sth.from sth.從中營救go/come to ones rescue去/來救某人rescuer n.救助者，救星，援救者We were about to close down the business，but the bank went/came to our rescue with a huge loan.我們幾乎要停業(yè)，但銀行借出了一大筆錢救了我們。Rescuers searched the rubble for survivors.救援人員在瓦礫中搜尋幸存者。 詞義辨析 rescue，save(1)rescue意為“營救，救援”，指從危險(xiǎn)中迅速有效地援救、搶救，一般指人，也指搶救東西不致毀壞。(2)save意為“拯救、救出”，是普通用語，指使受害者或物擺脫危險(xiǎn)，使其保存或生存下來。 夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)(1)用rescue，save的適當(dāng)形式填空We are informed that more firefighters will be sent there to the victims.Actually，it was a young policeman that his daughters life.rescue saved (2)語法填空 (rescue) the drowning boy to the bank，he left without (notice).H e promised to come our rescue.H aving rescued being noticedto 4 donate vt.捐贈(zèng)，贈(zèng)送；捐獻(xiàn)(器官) (give；present)多詞一義donate，contribute，give.to donate sth.to.把某物捐獻(xiàn)給collect donations for.為募捐make/give/present a donation to捐贈(zèng)The silver trophy was donated by a Leicester businessman.銀制獎(jiǎng)杯是由一個(gè)萊斯特的商人捐贈(zèng)的。 夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)用donate的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)We are collecting for the relief fund.(2)All blood is tested for H IV and other infections.(3)As the patients life hung in the balance，many volunteers offered blood.donationsdonated to donate 30 5 correspond v.通信；相一致，符合；相當(dāng)于correspond to/with和一致correspond with和通信correspondence n.一致，符合；通信聯(lián)系；往來書信in correspondence with與有通信聯(lián)系correspondent n.記者，通訊員；通信者corresponding adj.符合的，相應(yīng)的，相關(guān)的 She still corresponds with American friends she met nine years ago.她仍與9年前結(jié)識(shí)的美國朋友們通信。The two maps of London correspond closely.這兩張倫敦地圖很相似。 夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)用correspond的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Investment in the railways will bring a _ improvement in services.(2)Im also a _ for science.(3)H is interest in writing came from a long _ with a close college friend.correspondingcorrespondentcorrespondence 33 6 cure v.治愈(病人)；治好(疾病)；矯正，改正(某人的不良行為)；解決(問題)；n.治療；療程應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)“動(dòng)詞sb.of”類語境詞義辨析的考查 cure sb.of.治愈某人的；矯正某人的a cure for.針對的治療take a cure接受治療An operation finally cured his shin injury.手術(shù)最終治好了他脛部的傷。We need to cure our environmental problems.我們需要解決我們的環(huán)境問題。 詞義辨析 cure，treat(1)cure表示“治愈”，賓語既可以是人，也可以是疾病，有時(shí)也表示“矯正；革除”。(2)treat表示“治療”時(shí)，多接人作賓語，強(qiáng)調(diào)治療動(dòng)作，并不說明是否治愈。 夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)(1)用cure，treat的適當(dāng)形式填空The doctor was the girl who suffered from cancer.Who was it that the old professor of his cancer?(2)語法填空H e said that he (cure) with this medicine.H e was at last cured the bad habit.They have found cure for rising prices.treatingcuredwas curedofa 7 declare v.宣告；宣布；聲明；表明；宣稱(state)declare.to be.宣布為declare war on.向宣戰(zhàn)declare for/against表示贊成/反對 H e declared his intention to become the best golfer in the world.他表明自己想成為世界上最好的高爾夫球選手。The U.N.has declared it to be a safe zone.聯(lián)合國已宣布它為安全區(qū)。 39 夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)(1)語法填空Only a month earlier，Mr.Stenholm had declared _ the tax cut.It was the year when Britain declared war G ermany.It (declare) already that the contract is illegal.(2)他斷言那是真的。(一句多譯) (declare that.) (declare.to be.) for/againstonhas been declaredH e declared that it was true.H e declared it to be true. 3 重 點(diǎn) 短 語 突 破1 in advance/ahead of time提前，預(yù)先應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)作為高級(jí)詞匯替換ahead of time advance n.進(jìn)步，進(jìn)展；v.前進(jìn)，行進(jìn)；發(fā)展，進(jìn)步advance on/upon/towards朝前進(jìn)in advance of在前面；超前advanced adj.高級(jí)的；先進(jìn)的；晚期的Thank you in advance!提前向你表示感謝。 夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)(1)H is ideas were _(在他那個(gè)時(shí)代之前).(2)Napoleons army _ (朝著前進(jìn))Moscow.in advance of his timesadvanced on/upon/towards 2 give away贈(zèng)送；泄漏(秘密)；表露應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)give短語語境詞義辨析 1give in to對屈服give up放棄give off放出；排出give out用完；分發(fā)；公布；精疲力竭give in投降；屈服；讓步；呈送give way to給讓路Someone in the group gave him away to the police.團(tuán)伙中有人向警察告發(fā)了他。 圖解助記 夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)用give短語的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)H e most of his money to charity.(2)The car stopped when the petrol .(3)She social pressure and quit smoking.(4)H e his seat to an old lady on the bus.gave away gave outgave in togave up 3 take over接收，接管；繼承；支配應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)take短語語境詞義辨析 take for當(dāng)作；誤當(dāng)作take off起飛；脫下；迅速流行；解除(工作、職務(wù)等)；撤掉take to喜歡；親近；適應(yīng)take.for granted認(rèn)為理所當(dāng)然take in吸收；欺騙；包括在內(nèi)；收留；領(lǐng)會(huì)，理解；觀看take apart拆開，拆卸take on呈現(xiàn)；雇傭take out拿出，取出；除去 Lesley explains possible treatments but you can tell shes not taking it in.萊斯利解釋了各種可行的療法，不過，你可以看出來，她并沒有領(lǐng)會(huì)。 夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)用take短語的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)The officer leading the investigation has been _ _ the case.(2)She _ as a trainee.(3)H e _ the machine _ to clean and oil the parts. takenoff was taken ontook apart 4 句 法 與 語 法 突 破1 There is no doubt about it.關(guān)于這一點(diǎn)是毫無疑問的。句型公式 There is no doubt that./about. 52 (1)There is no doubt意為“毫無疑問”，后接that從句或“about名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。There is doubt意為“值得懷疑”，后接whether引導(dǎo)的從句或“about名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。(2)doubt v.& n.懷疑；疑問。作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其用法如下：在否定句和疑問句中，doubt后面接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。 作名詞時(shí)，用法如下：用于肯定句時(shí)，一般接whether或if引導(dǎo)的同位語從句。用于否定句、疑問句時(shí)，一般接that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句。(3)be in doubt猶豫不決beyond doubt無疑地There is no doubt that what a cleaner does is harder compared with any other jobs in the society.毫無疑問，一個(gè)清潔工干的活比社會(huì)上其他工作都要辛苦。 (廣東讀寫任務(wù)) 夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)語法填空(1)I dont doubt he can finish the task on time.(2)I doubt they can swim across the river.(3)There is no doubt she will come in time.(4)I have some doubt he will be elected.that if/whetherthatwhether 句型公式 how to do.2 We started flying around the world and meanwhile，scientists figured out how to split the atom.我們開始坐飛機(jī)環(huán)游世界，與此同時(shí)，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了怎樣分離原子 (1)疑問代詞who，what，which等和疑問副詞when，where，how等后面跟不定式，構(gòu)成不定式短語，在句中可用作主語、賓語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語等成分。(2)“疑問詞不定式”經(jīng)常用在某些動(dòng)詞后作賓語，這樣的動(dòng)詞(或詞組)有：tell，show，know，learn，find out，forget，wonder等。(3)疑問詞why后跟不定式時(shí)，省去符號(hào)to。 (4)“疑問詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式要用主動(dòng)式，不用被動(dòng)式。(5)此用法中的不定式的邏輯主語需與主句的主語或賓語保持一致，否則用相應(yīng)的從句。I dont know what to say.我不知道說什么好。 夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)(1)H e doesnt know what he will talk about._(改為簡單句)(2)I really have no idea whether I will accept her invitation or not._(改為簡單句)(3)Why dont you stop to have a rest?_(用why not改寫句子)H e doesnt know what to talk about.I really have no idea whether to accept her invitation or not. Why not stop to have a rest？ 3 單元語法語法填空(1)This time tomorrow，I _ (fly) to Shanghai.(2)If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring，you _ (eat) fresh watermelon in the fall.(3)G uess what，weve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.H ow nice！You _ (experience) a different culture then. shall be flying will beeating will be experiencing (4)By the end of this term，we _ (finish) our essays.(5)We _ (live) here for five years by next March. will have finishedshall have lived 5 五 年 高 考 最 新 模 擬.短文改錯(cuò) (2013四 川 ) Today we had a chemistry test.I found the test difficulty， but I tried hardly to do it.Suddenly Mary， my best friend， asking me to let her to copy my answers.After think for some time， I let her copy my answers.But after the test， 高考題組 all of us were called to the teachers office.The teacher was angry because we had same answers in the tests.We were warned not to cheat again so she would need to see our parents.I was very upset.I didnt cheat.I was just helping a friend.Why does she punish me? 63 答案 65 .寫作常用句翻譯1.同時(shí)我把保持環(huán)境干凈衛(wèi)生當(dāng)作我的職責(zé)。(meanwhile)(2013安徽書面表達(dá))_2.班長王華向她獻(xiàn)上了準(zhǔn)備好的鮮花。(present)(2012陜西書面表達(dá))_Meanwhile，I will regard it as my duty to help keep our environment clean and healthy.Wang H ua，our monitor，presented her with the prepared flowers. 3.幸運(yùn)的是，許多人和組織捐了大筆錢幫助他們順利地接受大學(xué)教育。(donate) (2011湖南書面表達(dá))_4.每個(gè)小組介紹了“自己國家”的文化、先進(jìn)的技術(shù)、環(huán)境保護(hù)、綠色新能源。(advanced) (2010湖南書面表達(dá))_Luckily，many people and organizations donate a lot of money to help them receive college education smoothly.Each group introduced “their countrys” culture，advanced technology，environment protection，new green energy. 模擬題組.語法填空1.While waiting for the opportunity to get _ (promote)，H enry did his best to perform his duty.2.Could I use your car tomorrow morning?Sure.I _ (write) a report at home.3.I feel so excited！At this time tomorrow morning I _ (fly) to Shanghai. promotedwill be writingwill be flying 68 4.After getting lost in a storm，a member of the navy team _(rescue) four days later.5.Jim went to answer the phone. _，H arry started to prepare lunch.6.These teenagers dont know much of the world yet；thats why they _ (take) in so easily.7.The moment the 29th Olympic G ames _ (declare) open，the whole world cheered.was rescued Meanwhilewere taken were declared 8. _ is known to all，China will be an advanced and powerful country in 20 or 30 years or so.9.There are many books！Its not easy for us to decide _ to take and what to leave behind.10.The centre was bought with money _ (donate) by former Beatle，G eorge H arrison.As what donated .單句改錯(cuò)1.H e was informed short after it happened. _2.Rescuing timely，they now live a peaceful life. _3.H aving known the truth，he felt at a dilemma. _shortshortlyRescuingRescuedatin 4.After graduation for ten years，they are still corresponding to each other. _5.Up to now，the result should have declared._6.Someone must have left the door open by the mistake._7.Police are looking into about the disappearance of two children. _towithhave后加上been去掉by后的the去掉about 8.We would have been put Johns name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury. _9.This time tomorrow，I shall be flied to America. _10.They have worked here for five years by next May._ 去掉beenfliedflyingThey后加上shall或will .寫作句式升級(jí)訓(xùn)練Though the kind woman got paid lowly，she decided to donate all she had saved，in the hope that she could help those with financial problems. (素材來源于2014廣東讀寫任務(wù))_(用who引導(dǎo)的定語從句、what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句及現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語改寫句子)The kind woman who got paid lowly decided to donate what she had saved，hoping that she could help those with financial problems.