14. instead， instead of 【辨析】 兩者都可表示“代替；而不是”。instead常用于句中，后跟逗號，起連接上下句的作用，也可放在句尾。instead of后面接名詞、代詞或動名詞。 【舉例】 George didnt go to Wales， instead， he stayed in London. 喬治沒有去威爾士，而是待在了倫敦。 Emma played tennis with Ann instead of going swimming with Kate.=Emma didnt go swimming with Kate， instead， she played tennis with Ann. 艾瑪沒有跟凱特去游泳，而是跟安去打網(wǎng)球了?！狙菥殹? )1. Philip didnt go hiking with his sister， _， he stayed and played games alone at home. A. instead B. rather than C. instead of D. althoughA ( )2. Philip stayed and played games alone at home instead of _ hiking with his sister. A. went B. going C. to go D. goes( )3. Will you go to the meeting instead of _？A. she B. hers C. her D. my( )4. He didnt give Jack the money, but he gave it to me _.A. instead B. that C. last D. instead of BCA 15. on time， in time 【辨析】 (1)on time意為“準(zhǔn)時；按時”，指正好在約定的時間發(fā)生，言外之意是“既不早，也不晚”。 (2)in time則表示“及時；遲早”，指在約定的時間之前發(fā)生，意指正趕上時候或恰在需要的時候。 【舉例】 Subways in this city are always on time. 這個城市的地鐵總是準(zhǔn)時的。 The ambulance got there just in time. 救護(hù)車正好及時趕到那里。【演練】( )1. We want to start the meeting _ time， so please dont be late. A. on B. at C. with D. inA ( )2. As long as you stick to it, you will make progress _. A. in time B. at a time C. at one time D. on time( )3. Thank you for telling me this news _. A. in time B. at times C. at one time D. on timeAA 16. under， below 【辨析】 under指“在正下方；少于(用于數(shù)量等)”，其反義詞為over。below泛指“在下方；少于(用于溫度、高度等)”，其反義詞為above。 【舉例】 I want to have a rest under the tree. 我想在樹下休息一會兒。 There is a lake below the mountain. 山下有個湖。 【演練】( )1. Theres a cat _ the table. A. in B. under C. next D. between( )2. Anyone who is _ 18 years old isnt allowed here. A. under B. less C. below D. onBA ( )3. The temperature today is ten degrees _ zero. Its freezing cold. A. above B. on C. below D. underC 17. until， notuntil 【辨析】 兩者都可表示“直到”。until意為“直到”，表示某一種行為一直持續(xù)到某一時間，用于肯定句中，句子的謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性的。notuntil 意為“直到才”，表示某一行為直到某一時間才發(fā)生，之前該行為并沒有發(fā)生，用于否定句中，主句中的謂語可以是延續(xù)性動詞，也可以是短暫性動詞。 注意：until也可以作連詞，作連詞時，后面要跟一個完整的句子；而作介詞時，后面要接名詞或名詞短語?！九e例】 I studied English until 9 oclock last night. 我昨晚學(xué)英語一直學(xué)到9點鐘。(表示9點前一直在學(xué)。) Jane didnt go to sleep until midnight yesterday. 昨天簡直到午夜才睡覺。(表示午夜前沒有睡。) 【演練】( )1. I _ the hospital until five oclock. A. left B. not leave C. didnt leave D. did leave( )2. She _ until ten oclock. A. went B. started C. waited D. died( )3. He didnt turn up _ half an hour later. A. for B. since C. in D. untilCCD