第十一節(jié) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 考 點(diǎn) 精 講 精 練 【考點(diǎn)1】帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式()考點(diǎn)精講： 1. 構(gòu)成：(1)to do，如ask sb. to do；(2)(to) do，如help sb. (to) do； (3)do，如let sb. do。 2. 否定形式：not to do/not (to) do/not do。 3. 常規(guī)用法： 4. 特別用法：(1)wh-/h-疑問(wèn)詞+不定式(短語(yǔ))：其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞性從句，常用在動(dòng)詞tell, know, imagine, learn, decided, forget, remember, consider, understand等后面作賓語(yǔ)，也可作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)等。如： He asked me how to open the box.=He asked me how he could open the box. 他問(wèn)我這盒子怎么打開(kāi)。 You have to consider what to do next.=You have to consider what you should do next. 你必須考慮下一步該做什么。 (2)帶邏輯主語(yǔ)的不定式：不定式可以帶有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成方法是“It is+形容詞/名詞+(for/of sb.)+to do sth.”。如： It is necessary for you to have a talk with him. 跟他交談一下對(duì)你而言有必要。(當(dāng)該形容詞或名詞在意義上描述的是 to do sth. 的特征時(shí)，用 for 引出邏輯主語(yǔ)。該類形容詞常為easy, difficult/hard, important, necessary, etc.) It is foolish of you to do it like that. 你那樣做好蠢。(當(dāng)該形容詞描述的是邏輯主語(yǔ)sb. 的特征時(shí)，用 of 引出邏輯主語(yǔ)。該類形容詞常為kind, foolish, rude, clever, selfish, careful, etc.) 【考題再現(xiàn)】( )1. (2016鹽城)We must do everything we can _ waste water from running into the rivers. A. prevent B. preventedC. preventing D. to preventD ( )2. (2016綏化)Its our duty _ our home-town clean and beautiful. We must do something for it. A. keeping B. keepsC. to keepC ( )3. (2015廣東)We advise parents _ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger. A. not leave B. not to leaveC. leave D. to leaveB ( )4. (2015梅州)Jane was shy. She would not invite her classmates _ dancing with her. A. practice B. practicesC. practicing D. to practiceD ( )5. (2014廣東)In order _ for the meeting, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning. A. not to be late B. not being lateC. to be late D. being lateA ( )6. (2014茂名)Miss Wang told us _ smoke, so you mustnt smoke. A. to B. not toC. dontB 【考點(diǎn)演練】( )7. How kind you are! You always do what you can _ me. A. help B. helpingC. to help D. helps( )8. Many old men prefer _ in a coun-tryside. A. to live B. livingC. live D. livedCA ( )9. Shes not strong enough _ walking up mountains. A. to go B. goingC. go D. went( )10. One of the most important things _ at Christmas is the Nutcracker. A. see B. seeingC. to see D. to lookAC ( )11. I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you?I havent decided where _. A. go B. wentC. going D. to goD ( )12. The best way to learn English is _ it. A. use B. to useC. using D. usesB 【考點(diǎn)2】禿頭不定式(即不帶to的不定式)()考點(diǎn)精講：禿頭不定式一般在句子中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 其他“禿頭不定式”句型： had better (not)do 最好(別)做 Why not do？Why dont sb. do？ 為什么(某人)不做？ Will/Would/Can/Could you please (not)do？(請(qǐng))你(別)做好嗎？ would rather (not)do sth. 寧愿(不)做 would dorather than do(would rather dothan doprefer to dorather than doprefer doingto doing)寧愿做而不愿做 【考題再現(xiàn)】( )1. (2016煙臺(tái))Could you please _ me your notebook, Grace?Certainly. Here you are. A. borrow B. to borrowC. lend D. to lend C ( )2. (2016宜賓)Its getting dark. Youd better _ out by yourself. Its dangerous. A. not go B. not to goC. to go ( )3. (2016郴州)I feel upset because Im too heavy._ do more exercise to lose some weight? A. Why dont B. Why notC. Why not toAB ( )4. (2016齊齊哈爾)Lets _ noise. Someone is sleeping. A. not make B. not makingC. not to make( )5. (2014湛江)Why not _ to the park now?Good idea! Lets go. A. go B. to goC. goes D. goingAA 【考點(diǎn)演練】( )6. Lets play football on the playground. Its too hot outside. I would rather _ at home than _ out. A. to stay; go B. staying; goingC. stay; to go D. stay; goD ( )7. The cartoon film we saw last night made us _. A. laugh B. to laughC. laughing D. laughed( )8. Will you please _ the flowers?Sorry. I wont. A. pick B. dont pickC. not to pick D. not pickAD ( )9. How do you feel when you watch the national flag go up?It makes me _ very proud. A. feel B. felt C. to feel D. feeling( )10. The assistant wont let you _ the cinema if you havent a ticket. A. enter B. to enterC. entering D. not enterAA 【考點(diǎn)3】動(dòng)名詞()考點(diǎn)精講：1. 構(gòu)成：do+-ing。2. 否定形式：not+doing。3. 常規(guī)用法： 4. 動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)： 由“形容詞性物主代詞/名稱所有格+動(dòng)名詞”可構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等。該物主代詞或名稱所有格是動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)。如： Would you mind my/me smoking here?=Would you mind if I smoke here? 你介意我在這里吸煙嗎？I insisted on my husbands/my husband paying the bill. 我堅(jiān)持讓我丈夫買單。 【考題再現(xiàn)】( )1. (2016長(zhǎng)沙)Janes spoken English is pretty good.Yeah, she works hard and practices _ it both in and out of class. A. spoke B. to spokeC. speakingC ( )2. (2016南京)Have you read the book Jane Eyre?Yes. Its a famous book and really worth _. A. to read B. readingC. to be read D. read ( )3. (2016綿陽(yáng))Do you want to be healthy? _ can help you stay healthy. A. Smile B. SmilingC. Smiles D. SmiledBB ( )4. (2015廣州)Sarah, youd better drink more water after _ for such a long time. A. run B. runsC. to run D. running ( )5. (2014梅州)Paul looks forward to _ his pen pal as soon as possible. A. meets B. meetC. meeting D. metDC 【考點(diǎn)演練】( )6. What about _ a rest?Lets go for a walk. A. to take B. takeC. taking D. us takingC ( )7. Our English teacher often says to us, “_ English well is very important.”A. Learn B. LearningC. Learned D. To learningB ( )8. Seeing their teacher _ into the class-room, they stopped _ at once. A. walk; telling B. entering; to speakC. enter; to tell D. walking; talkingD ( )9. Her son _ Coke, but now he _ milk. A. used to drink; is used to drinking B. used to drinking; drinksC. is used to drinking; used to drinkD. is used to drink; is drinking( )10. I found a letter _ on the floor when I came into the classroom. A. lying B. layC. lie D. liesAA