Today we buried our 20-year-old son. He was killed instantly in a motorcycle accident yesterday. How I wish I had known when I talked to him last that it would be the last time. If I had only known,I would have said, Jim, I love you and Im so very proud of you. Read the following essay and payspecial attention to the sentences in red.(你能說出它們的語法結構嗎？） Subjunctive mood (虛擬語氣）高三英語第一輪語法復習 Unreal conditionals with “if clause” 虛擬語氣在條件從句中的用法 What would/could you do if you were a superman? If I were a superman, I would/could If I were a superman,I could protect people who are in danger.Look and learn: If I got much money, I might/should What might/should you do if you got much money?If I got much money, I should donate some to people suffering the earthquake. What would/could you do if you lived on the moon? If I lived on the moon, Iwould/could/might/ shouldIf I lived on the moon, I might see the beautyChange. If I were a superman, I could protect people who are in danger. If I lived on the moon, I might see the beautyChange. If I got much money, I should donate some to people suffering the earthquake.Find out the rules 條件從句主句 did/were (be動 詞一般用were,非正式情況可用was）would (could, might ,should) + do總結1. Opposite to the present truth 與現在事實相反時，主、從句謂語構成 would intention; plan; expected result (意圖；計劃；必然結果）could ability; possibility （能夠；可能性）might possibility （可能性）should suggestion （建議）TIP Translation:1 如果我是你，我可能會告訴他真相。 If I _ you, I _him the truth.2 要是我哥哥在這兒，一切都會很順利的. If my brother _ here, everything _ all right.were might tellwerewould bePractice: 要是我哥哥昨天在這兒，一切都會很順利的. If my brother _ here yesterday, everything _ all right.had beenwould have been比較一下發(fā)現什么不同了嗎？1.If my brother were here, everything would be all right.2.If my brother had been here yesterday, everything would have been all right. If the robber hadnt attacked Mr. Yu, he wouldnt have been killed. If the brave old man hadnt helped the lady, he couldnt have been injured.Look and learn: If they hadnt committed a crime, they wouldnt have been caught by the police. Find out the structure If my brother had been here yesterday , everything would have been all right.If the brave old man hadnt helped the lady, he couldnt have been injured. If they hadnt committed a crime, they wouldnt have been caught by the police. 條件從句主句 had done would (should, could, might ) + have done總結2. Opposite to the past truth 與過去事實相反時，主、從句謂語構成 Practice:1.If Tom _ (be) more careful in the exam, he _ (pass) it already. 2.If you _(get) up earlier, you _ (catch) the first train. 3.If I _ (meet) you yesterday, we _ (go) to the concert together. had been would have passedhad gotmight have caughthad met could have gone ：Would you please help me move house tomorrow?：Id like to, but I have a meeting tomorrow. If I got time tomorrow, I would certainly help you.：Thats all right. Thank you all the same.Read and learn: If it should be the Spring Festival tomorrow, I might get some pocket money. If I were to have free time this Friday, I would go to the party. However, Ill attend a meeting that day. What a pity! If I got time tomorrow, I would certainly help you. If I were to have free time this Friday, I would go to the party. If it should be the Spring Festival tomorrow, I might get some pocket money.Summarize the structure 條件從句主句過去式 (were/did)should + do were to do would (might, could, should) + do總結3. Opposite to the future truth 與將來事實相反時，主、從句謂語構成 如果明天下雨，運動會將會被推遲。If it _tomorrow, the sports meeting _ put off.=If it _tomorrow, the sports meet _ put off.舉一反三 Have a try!注意以下幾方面 ： 1.虛擬語氣在非真實條件從句中的倒裝情況 (Inverted structures of them) 1._ to do the work, I should do it some other day.A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I2. _ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the park.A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will 3. _ for the doctors careful treatment, he _till last year. A. If it is not, cant live B. Were it not, couldnt liveC. If it hadnt been, couldnt have lived D. Had it not been, couldnt have lived E. If they were not, couldnt live if it is not for(=but for/without) 要不是 在If引導的非真實條件句中 總結should, were 和 had 可以放在句首，這種情況下，if省略. 如果had是實義動詞，表示“有”時，則不可以移到句首。正：If we had time to spare, we would go to see a film.誤：Had we time to spare, we would go to see a film. Tip 2.含 蓄 條 件 句 在含蓄性條件句中，可以用otherwise或or;with, without, but for 等介詞短語代替條件句相當于 if it is not for “要不是”But for the rain, the crops would have died. (= If _)Without the teachers help, he couldnt have made such great progress in English.(= If _) it hadnt been for the rainit hadnt been for the teachers help, If you had gone to bed earlier last night,you wouldnt be sleepy now. 錯綜時間(mixed time)條件句或混合虛擬語氣 如果你剛才向右轉，你現在就不會有麻煩了。 If you _ _ _(turn right) just now, you _ (be) in trouble now.had turned rightwouldnt be 3.錯綜條件句 1.Without your help, we _ such rapid progress.A.couldnt make B. wouldnt makeC. will not have made D. wouldnt have made2.But for the(If there were no) help from the UN,those women _able to set up their shop.A.would not have been B.would not beC.Could not be D.will not be 3.I am busy now,otherwise /or (If I were not so busy)I_you do the work.A.Will help B.would help C.would have helped D.could have help4.If you had listened to the talk about the UN yesterday,you_the answer to the question now.A.would know B.would have knownC.will have known D.might have known5.If I were you ,I _my holiday in France.A.would spend B.will spend C would have spent D.could have spent Unreal conditionals with “if”虛擬語氣在條件從句中的結構歸納總結Consolidation(鞏固）: If sb.,( 條 件 句 ) sb. . ( 主句)Present(現在)Past(過去)Future (將來) did/wereA.had done would/could/should/might doD.would/could/should/might have doneB. did/wereshould dowere to do C.would/could/should/might doOpposite to 1.（2011.北 京 高 考）Maybe if I _ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help now. A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying Consolidation(鞏固）:高 考 鏈 接 2. (2012.湖南高考)Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. A. have had B. had had C. have D. had 3. (2012.浙江高考)Had they known what was coming next, they _ second thoughts. A. may have B. could have C. must have had D. might have had 4. （2012.福建高考）We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we_ more places of interest yesterday. A. visited B. had visited C. would visit D. would have visited 5. (2010.北京高考)-The weather has been very hot and dry. Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables _. A. would die B. didnt die C. hadnt died D. wouldnt have died Finish offexercises on the paper（課中練習） Homework: Exercises on the paper