故事復(fù)述應(yīng)試,小竅門(mén),本文將以真題材料為例，和同學(xué)們分享一些Part C部分的應(yīng)試小竅門(mén)。 一、Part C要求具備的三個(gè)能力 1. 聽(tīng)力理解的能力 有的老師會(huì)要求學(xué)生聽(tīng)故事時(shí)盡量多記，但筆者覺(jué)得這要因人而異。因?yàn)橛械耐瑢W(xué)在忙著記錄時(shí)影響了聽(tīng)故事，記錄得亂七八糟；有的同學(xué)因?yàn)樾睦硭刭|(zhì)問(wèn)題，若不記錄全面，因?yàn)榫o張，根本回憶不起聽(tīng)過(guò)了什么內(nèi)容；有的同學(xué)更擅長(zhǎng)聽(tīng)，認(rèn)為記錄會(huì)阻礙他們聽(tīng)力的理解。,綜合種種學(xué)生的表現(xiàn)，比較科學(xué)合理的做法是：播放錄音時(shí)，一聽(tīng)故事大意， 二聽(tīng)補(bǔ)充細(xì)節(jié)。將注意力放在聽(tīng)故事上，聽(tīng)錄音時(shí)注意故事中的人物，以及故事發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、過(guò)程、結(jié)果，特別注意是否有意外情況出現(xiàn)。有人把它總結(jié)為：聽(tīng)取信息5W1H原則：何時(shí)(when),何地(where),何人(who)，何事(what)，為何(why)，如何(how)。,2. 速記的能力 (1) 速記的內(nèi)容。 記錄實(shí)詞：誰(shuí)，說(shuō)或做了什么事，反應(yīng)如何，時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)換等。冠詞、介詞，連詞等無(wú)意義的詞可以忽略不記。,(2) 速記的方法。 布局：列出10行、拉開(kāi)間距。因?yàn)樵u(píng)卷老師是按照10個(gè)信息點(diǎn)給分的，為了督促自己說(shuō)夠10個(gè)信息點(diǎn)，不妨在稿紙一發(fā)下來(lái)就在稿紙背面 (正面是Part A和Part B的記錄) 左端逐行列出110的序號(hào)。大概聽(tīng)完12句話換行記(當(dāng)然實(shí)際記錄時(shí)也可能少于或超出10行)。記錄時(shí)單詞與單詞之間拉開(kāi)間距，以備第二遍聽(tīng)時(shí)補(bǔ)充更多的信息。,書(shū)寫(xiě)：可以是英語(yǔ)單詞、英語(yǔ)縮略詞、中文、符號(hào)等相結(jié)合。英語(yǔ)縮略詞的寫(xiě)法一般為四種方式： 拿掉所有元音：market MKT Manager MGR 保留前幾個(gè)字母：information info confident con 保留開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾幾個(gè)發(fā)音字母：week wk room rm 根據(jù)發(fā)音：are R though tho,3. 組詞成句、連句成篇講述的能力 其實(shí)就是遣詞造句的能力。這需要扎實(shí)的基本功。最簡(jiǎn)單的做法就是基本能表達(dá)出：誰(shuí)，做了什么事，在什么地方，什么時(shí)間。同學(xué)們平時(shí)可以找老師當(dāng)面評(píng)改一下自己的故事復(fù)述錄音，老師可能會(huì)糾正：幾乎每一句話都有大大小小的錯(cuò)誤，如be do之類的雙謂語(yǔ)、人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、單復(fù)數(shù)等等?；A(chǔ)好一點(diǎn)的同學(xué)會(huì)被老師要求在語(yǔ)音、語(yǔ)調(diào)上再努力，甚至還可以考慮用與原文同樣的句意進(jìn)行詞性轉(zhuǎn)換、同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換、句式轉(zhuǎn)換表達(dá)等。,2013年聽(tīng)說(shuō)考試Test D,二、實(shí)例操練：,梗 概：Brown夫婦收拾東西搬家時(shí)，鄰居以為他們剛搬進(jìn)來(lái)，過(guò)來(lái)歡迎他們。 關(guān)鍵詞：neighbor (鄰居) friendly (友好的) surprise (吃驚) newcomer (新來(lái)的人) move out (搬走),1. 速記要點(diǎn) 下面是老師記錄的關(guān)鍵信息詞，同學(xué)們可以用自己的記錄與之對(duì)比一下： Brown / apartment / mess packing / heard / knock Mrs. / saw / lady / next door Mrs. / invited / apologized / sit, lady came / welcome / neighbors some parts / neighbors / unfriendly / didnt know people / building / friendly / one family Brown / surprised Mrs. / not newcomers / lived 2 years moving / tomorrow,2. 連詞成句 Brown / apartment / mess Mr. and Mrs. Browns apartment was in a mess. packing / heard / knock They were packing when they heard a knock. Mrs. / saw / lady / next door Mrs. Brown saw a lady outside who lived next door., Mrs. / invited / apologized / sit Mrs. Brown invited her in and apologized for no place to sit. lady came / welcome / neighbors The lady came to welcome them to be her neighbors. some parts / neighbors / unfriendly / didnt know She said the neighbors in some parts of this city were unfriendly and didnt know each other., people / building / friendly / one family She said people in this building were friendly and they were like one family. Mr. and Mrs. / surprised Mr. and Mrs. Brown were very surprised., Mrs. / not newcomers / lived 2 years Mrs. Brown said they were not newcomers and had lived there for 2 years. moving / tomorrow They were moving out the next day.,3.連句成篇 在連詞成句、組句成篇的同時(shí)，同學(xué)們準(zhǔn)備好以下的一些時(shí)間過(guò)渡詞在自己的記憶庫(kù)里，可以隨時(shí)調(diào)取。使用過(guò)渡詞一方面使得篇章連貫，另一方面也可以緩沖一下自己的時(shí)間，為想好下一句做了準(zhǔn)備。常用關(guān)聯(lián)詞有： 故事開(kāi)始：One day / morning / afternoon / evening / The other day / Once upon a time / At first,故事發(fā)展：Then / After that / Later / Afterwards / soon / as soon as / during / After a while / From then on/ But / However / Suddenly / Therefore / Thus/ Unfortunately / To his surprise 故事結(jié)束：Finally / At last / In the end / Eventually,4. 練好自己的發(fā)音 Part C的聽(tīng)力錄音也是很好的模仿朗讀材料。讓自己的語(yǔ)音、語(yǔ)調(diào)更加優(yōu)美，語(yǔ)意有重音，尤其是有些同學(xué)句末單詞發(fā)音喜歡拐一下彎的中式腔調(diào)需要克服掉。以本次的Test D材料為例，注意模仿文中標(biāo)注的重音stress(), 連讀liaison(), 意群sense group(/), 聲調(diào)rising tone() 和 降調(diào)falling tone()等。,Tapescript（錄音原文）: A Friendly Neighbor Mr. and Mrs. Browns apartment / was ina mess. It was fullof boxesand luggage. They were very busy packing / when they heard a knock/ on the door. Mrs. Brown went to openit / and saw an old ladystanding outside. The lady said she lived next door. Mrs. Brown invited her to comein and apologized/ because things were allover the floor / and there was no place for her to sit.,The lady said it was OK/ and she had just come to welcome them / to be her neighbors / in this building. Before Mr. and Mrs. Brown could explain anything, the lady added that / in some parts of this city/ neighbors were not friendly at all/ and that some people didnt know/ any of their neighbors, not even the ones living next door. It seemed to her that people in this building/ were very friendly / and they were like one big family. At last, the lady wished Mr. and Mrs. Brown / a happy life here.,Mr. and Mrs. Brown lookedat eachother in great surprise. Then Mrs. Brown said / “but Madam, we are not newcomers to thisapartment. We have lived here / for two years. Were moving out tomorrow.”,三、衍生操練 作為老師，精美的故事聽(tīng)完、復(fù)述完之后還可以拿來(lái)作為訓(xùn)練學(xué)生進(jìn)行三問(wèn)翻譯及自由討論的好材料。如本文中的小故事： 1. 你覺(jué)得這棟大樓的鄰居們真的如Brown夫婦的這位鄰居所說(shuō)的那樣很友好嗎？ 2. 你們一家人和鄰居的關(guān)系怎么樣？ 3. 怎樣建立良好的鄰里關(guān)系？,1. Do you think the neighbors of this building were really friendly as what the neighbor of Mr. and Mrs. Brown said? 2. What about the relationship between your family and your neighbors? 3. How to build a good relationship between neighbors? ,高考真題材料自有它的權(quán)威性與導(dǎo)向性，筆者建議考前把20112013年的近20套廣東高考聽(tīng)說(shuō)真題作為訓(xùn)練材料，并如此這般環(huán)環(huán)緊扣地操練，相信我們考生的Part C部分最終也能練到如同聽(tīng)力原文中那般流暢優(yōu)美！,(本文選自廣東教育·高中2014年第3期，作者是黃麗),