第3講 形容詞和副詞,1. （2013·湖北高考）People complain that decisions to approve or deny a permit are often _ rather than based on fixed criteria. A. appropriate B. conscious C. arbitrary D. controversial 【解析】選C。考查形容詞辨析。句意：人們抱怨，做出的支持或反對(duì)一個(gè)許可證的決定經(jīng)常是隨意的, 而不是基于固定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。A項(xiàng)“恰當(dāng)?shù)?，合適的”；B項(xiàng)“有意識(shí)的”；C項(xiàng)“任意的，隨意的”；D項(xiàng)“有爭議的”。根據(jù)句意可知選C項(xiàng)。,2. （2013·湖北高考）He didnt selfishly keep for himself the money inherited from his uncle. Instead, he made a _ contribution to help the community. A. commercial B. generous C. comparable D. profitable 【解析】選B?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。句意：他沒有自私地自己留下從叔叔那里繼承的錢。相反，他非?？犊鼐栀?zèng)來幫助社區(qū)。A項(xiàng)“商業(yè)的”；B項(xiàng)“慷慨的”；C項(xiàng)“類似的，可比較的”；D項(xiàng)“有益的，有利可圖的”。根據(jù)句意可知選B項(xiàng)。,3. （2013·浙江高考）Mary worked here as a _ secretary and ended up getting a full-time job with the company. A. pessimistic B. temporary C. previous D. cautious 【解析】選B?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意：瑪麗開始在這里工作時(shí)只是一個(gè)臨時(shí)秘書，后來卻在這家公司得到了一份全職工作。該句中的full-time job暗示出開始只是a temporary secretary。pessimistic悲觀的, 悲觀主義的；temporary暫時(shí)的, 臨時(shí)的；previous以前的；cautious小心的, 謹(jǐn)慎的。故選B。,4. （2013·福建高考）Those poor and needy teenagers were excited to find a shop at the corner where they could buy _ priced bikes. A. competitively B. recently C. reasonably D. affordably 【解析】選D?？疾楦痹~詞義辨析。句意：那些窮困潦倒的青少年在拐角找到一家商店很興奮，在那里他們能買到付得起錢的自行車。affordably付得起地；competitively競爭地；recently近來；reasonably合理地。,5. （2013·福建高考）A society cannot be successful if it throws tradition away, but it cannot be successful _ if we do something to stop progress. A. either B. neither C. too D. also 【解析】選A?？疾楦痹~詞義辨析。句意：如果一個(gè)社會(huì)丟棄了傳統(tǒng)，它不會(huì)成功，但是如果我們做事情阻止了進(jìn)步它也不能成功。either也，常用于否定句句末，符合題意。neither既不；（兩者）都不；too也，常用于肯定句句末；also也，常放句中。,6. （2013·湖北高考）Dont defend him any more. Its obvious that he _ destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology. A. accidentally B. carelessly C. deliberately D. clumsily 【解析】選C?？疾楦痹~辨析。句意：不要再為他辯解了。很顯然他是故意弄壞了花園的柵欄，甚至都不道歉。A項(xiàng)“偶然地”；B項(xiàng)“粗心地”；C項(xiàng)“故意地”；D項(xiàng)“笨拙地”。根據(jù)句意可知選C項(xiàng)。,7. （2013·江西高考）What a terrible experience! _, youre safe nowthats the main thing. A. Anyway B. Besides C. Otherwise D. Therefore 【解析】選A?？疾楦痹~辨析。句意：一次多么可怕的經(jīng)歷?。o論如何, 你現(xiàn)在安全了那才是主要的事情。A項(xiàng)意為“無論如何，不管怎么說”；B項(xiàng)意為“除此之外，另外”；C項(xiàng)意為“否則，要不然”；D項(xiàng)意為“因此”。,8. （2013·遼寧高考）Everything seemed to be going _ for the first two days after I moved to New York. A. vividly B. generally C. frequently D. smoothly 【解析】選D。考查副詞辨析。句意：在我搬到紐約后的開始兩天一切看起來都很順利。A項(xiàng)表示“生動(dòng)地”；B項(xiàng)表示“普遍地，大體地”；C項(xiàng)表示“頻繁地”；D項(xiàng)表示“平滑地，順利地”。,9. （2013·浙江高考）If we leave right away, _ well arrive on time. A. hopefully B. curiously C. occasionally D. gradually 【解析】選A?？疾楦痹~詞義辨析。句意：如果我們立刻出發(fā)，我們有望按時(shí)到達(dá)。hopefully有希望地；curiously好奇地；occasionally偶爾；gradually逐漸地。故選A。,10. （2013·浙江高考）If what your friend comes up with surprises you, dont reject it immediately. _, imagine that it is true. A. Thus B. Besides C. Rather D. Otherwise 【解析】選C?？疾楦痹~詞義辨析。句意：如果你朋友提出的想法令你吃驚，不要立即拒絕。而是想象著它是正確的。thus所以，表示結(jié)果；besides而且，表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系；rather相當(dāng)于instead，用在否定句后面的肯定句中；otherwise否則，不然的話，表示一種假設(shè)。故選C。,11. （2013·安徽高考）David is _ animal fur, so he wont visit anyone who has cats or dogs in the house. A. curious about B. allergic to C. satisfied with D. fond of 【解析】選B?？疾樾稳菰~短語辨析。句意：大衛(wèi)對(duì)動(dòng)物皮毛過敏，因此他不會(huì)拜訪任何一個(gè)家有貓或有狗的人。be allergic to對(duì)過敏；be curious about對(duì)好奇；be satisfied with對(duì)滿意；be fond of喜歡。,12. （2013·遼寧高考）This is by far _ movie that I have ever seen. A. an inspiring B. a much inspiring C. the most inspiring D. the more inspiring 【解析】選C?？疾樾稳菰~的最高級(jí)。句意：這是我看過的最鼓舞人心的電影。This is+the+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞+that sb. have/has ever done. 是常用句型, 如This is the best book that I have ever read. 這是我讀過的最好的書。,13. （2013·天津高考）I think watching TV every evening is a waste of timethere are _ meaningful things to do. A. less B. more C. the least D. the most 【解析】選B?？疾樾稳菰~比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。句意：我認(rèn)為每天晚上看電視是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，有更多有意義的事情要做。根據(jù)句意可知做有意義的事情與看電視是兩者之間的比較，所以選B。,14. （2013·大綱版全國卷）It may not be a great suggestion. But before _ is put forward, well make do with it. A. a good one B. a better one C. the best one D. a best one 【解析】選B。考查比較級(jí)。句意：這可能不是一個(gè)好建議。但是在提出更好的建議前，我們先勉強(qiáng)用這個(gè)吧。根據(jù)句意可知，此處指一個(gè)更好的建議，所以選B。,15. （2013·江西高考）There are a small number of people involved, possibly _ twenty. A. as few as B. as little as C. as many as D. as much as 【解析】選A?？疾橥?jí)比較結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：這涉及少量的人，可能少到20個(gè)。as. . . as. . . 意為“和一樣”，是同級(jí)比較結(jié)構(gòu)。few和many后面都接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，但是few強(qiáng)調(diào)“少”，many強(qiáng)調(diào)“多”；little和much后面都接不可數(shù)名詞。,16. （2013·新課標(biāo)全國卷）Tony can hardly boil an egg，still _ cook dinner. A. less B. little C. much D. more 【解析】選A?？疾楣潭ù钆洹＞湟猓和心釒缀踹B雞蛋都不會(huì)煮，更不必說做晚餐了。still less是固定搭配，表示“更少, 更不, 何況, 更不用說”。,17. （2013·安徽高考）Its said that the power plant is now _ large as what it was. A. twice as B. as twice C. twice much D. much twice 【解析】選A?？疾楸稊?shù)表達(dá)法。句意：據(jù)說這個(gè)發(fā)電廠現(xiàn)在是過去的兩倍大。倍數(shù)表達(dá)法有三種：倍數(shù)+as+形容詞/副詞的原級(jí)+as；倍數(shù)+形容詞/副詞的比較級(jí)+than；倍數(shù)+the+名詞+of。故選A。,熱點(diǎn)考向 1 形容詞和副詞詞義辨析 1. 主要考點(diǎn)：形容詞和副詞詞義辨析主要針對(duì)學(xué)生的詞匯量進(jìn)行測試，考查在特定語境下形容詞或副詞的準(zhǔn)確使用。 2. 突破技巧：（1）對(duì)高中經(jīng)?？疾榈母哳l形容詞和副詞進(jìn)行歸納和梳理，總結(jié)對(duì)比經(jīng)常考查的詞匯，從而做到心中有數(shù)。 (2)針對(duì)某些語意相近詞要體會(huì)它們的細(xì)微差別，理清每個(gè)詞的語境色彩之間的區(qū)別。,【真題變式】選詞填空。 (2012·湖北高考)(dramatic/regional/apparent/subtle) Can you tell the _ difference between the words “require” and “request”? I sometimes get puzzled by their meanings. 答案：subtle,(2011·江西高考)(special/responsible/unusual/particular)She has already tried her best. Please dont be too _ about her job. 答案：particular,熱點(diǎn)考向 2 形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)用法 1. 等級(jí)用法的考查見于以下句式。 (1)as +形容詞或副詞原級(jí)+as. . . 像一樣 (2)as+ adj. +a(n)+單數(shù)名詞+as像一樣 (3)not so/as+形容詞或副詞原級(jí)+as不如那樣 (4)“as/so/too/how + adj. +單數(shù)名詞”句型結(jié)構(gòu) 2. 常用于修飾形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)的副詞及副詞短語，包括a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, a great deal, any, still, even，no等。而very, quite, fairly, too等通常只修飾形容詞和副詞原級(jí)。,3. 幾種帶有否定詞的比較句型。 (1)no better than表示“和一樣；實(shí)際等于”。例如： The patient is no better than he was yesterday. 病人的情況和昨天一樣。 (2)no more . . . than表示“同一樣不”。例如： A whale is no more a fish than a horse is. 鯨和馬都不是魚。 (3)no less . . . than表示“和一樣；不遜于”。例如： The technique of writing is no less difficult than that of the other arts. 寫作技巧和其他藝術(shù)技巧一樣困難。,4. 比較級(jí)表達(dá)最高級(jí)含義。 (1)“否定詞比較級(jí)”有最高級(jí)的含義。 Your story is perfect; Ive never heard a better one before. 你的故事太完美了，我從來沒有聽到比這更好聽的故事。 It couldnt be better/worse. 不能夠更好/壞了。 I cant agree more. 我非常同意。,(2)比較級(jí)在以下幾種句式中均表示最高級(jí)含義: 比較級(jí)+than +any other單數(shù)名詞; 比較級(jí)+than +all the other復(fù)數(shù)名詞; 比較級(jí)thananyone else; 比較級(jí)thanany of the other復(fù)數(shù)名詞; 比較級(jí)thanthe rest of復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。,【真題變式】用正確的形容詞或副詞比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)完成句子。 (2011·江西高考） The film is, I have to say, not a bit interesting. Why? Its _(有趣得多)than the films I have ever seen. （2011·全國卷）Mr. Stevenson is great to work for I really _(不能找到更好的 老板). （2011·四川高考）How was your recent trip to Sichuan? _(我以前從來沒 有過更愉快的旅行).,far/much more interesting,couldnt ask for/find a better boss,I have never had a more pleasant trip before,熱點(diǎn)考向 3 倍數(shù)關(guān)系句型的考查 1. A is倍數(shù)比較級(jí)thanB。 2. A is倍數(shù)as原級(jí)asB。 3. A is倍數(shù)the名詞(size, length, height等)ofB。 4. The名詞(size, length, height等)of A is倍數(shù)thatofB。 5. A is倍數(shù)what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。 （在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，倍數(shù)詞可以用分?jǐn)?shù)或half，double等詞替換）,【真題變式】用正確的倍數(shù)關(guān)系句型完成句子。 （2011·陜西高考）The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be _ _(現(xiàn)在體育館的三倍大). (2012·全國卷)This restaurant wasnt _ as（一 半好）that other restaurant we went to.,three times as big as the present one/three,times the size of the present one,half as good,熱點(diǎn)考向 4 形容詞和副詞作狀語的區(qū)別 形容詞或形容詞短語可以在句中作狀語，說明句子中主語或賓語的狀態(tài)；而副詞作狀語一般情況下用來修飾句子的謂語動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子。,【真題變式】用形容詞或副詞作狀語完成句子。 (2010·安徽高考)_（無憂無慮、積極樂觀）, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile. (2012·遼寧高考)_(我們過去經(jīng)常見面), but I havent heard from him since last year.,Lighthearted and optimistic,We used to see each other regularly,熱點(diǎn)考向 5 表示連接副詞的用法 下列用于連接句子的副詞經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在各種測試中： (1)though用作副詞，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，意為“雖然，然而”； (2)therefore表示結(jié)果，意為“因此”； (3)instead表示前后句意轉(zhuǎn)折或相反，意為“相反”； (4)besides，moreover表示關(guān)系遞進(jìn)，意為“另外，而且，除此之外”；,(5)however作副詞表示轉(zhuǎn)折，常用逗號(hào)與后面的內(nèi)容分開，意為“然而，但是”； (6)otherwise用作副詞表示轉(zhuǎn)折，意為“要不然，否則”； (7)still表示“仍然，依然”； (8)yet表示轉(zhuǎn)折，意為“然而, 可是”; (9)thus表示“結(jié)果”; (10)anyway表示“無論如何”。,【真題變式】用適當(dāng)?shù)母痹~填空。 (2012·安徽高考)Queen Elizabeth is often thought to be the richest woman in the world. _, her personal wealth seems rather small. (2012·浙江高考)Mike was usually so careful, _ this time he made a small mistake. (2012·四川高考)The hotel is almost finished, but it _ needs one or two weeks to get ready for guests. （2011·天津高考）The young man couldnt afford a new car. _, he bought a used one.,However,yet,still,Instead,【命題小試】 請根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容命制一道考查形容詞辨析的題目。 Living in a highly competitive society，you definitely have to arm yourself with modern technology and skills. _ _,【參考答案】 Living in a highly _ society，you definitely have to arm yourself with modern technology and skills. A. competitive B. fierce C. attractive D. sensitive 【解析】選A?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。句意：生活在一個(gè)高度競爭的社會(huì)，你必須要用現(xiàn)代技術(shù)和技能來武裝自己。competitive 競爭的；fierce 兇猛的；attractive 吸引人的，迷人的；sensitive 敏感的。,易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) 1 混淆possible, probable, likely用法 （母題）Studies show that people are more _ to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours. A. likely B. possible C. probable D. sure 【解析】選A。likely作表語時(shí)，主語既可以是人，也可以是物或it, 而possible，probable作表語時(shí)，主語一般不能是人, 而是形式主語it。所以可排除B、C。sb. be sure to do sth. 某人一定會(huì)做某事。在語氣上太絕對(duì)，不符合句意，可排除。,(變式)Would it be _ for me to leave a message for her? A. probable B. possible C. likely D. perhaps 【解析】選B。句意：我可以給她留言嗎？四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有possible用于該句型：it be+possible（for sb. )+to do sth. 意為“對(duì)某人來說做某事是可能的”。故選B項(xiàng)。,【誤區(qū)點(diǎn)撥】 likely為形容詞，常用于以下兩個(gè)句型： It is likely that. . . 有可能 某人/某物+be likely to do sth. 某人或某物有可能做某事 possible, probable適用句型： It is possible (for sb. ) to do sth. 某人有可能做某事 It is possible that. . . / It is probable that. . . 有可能 possibly，probably為副詞，意為“大概，很可能”。,易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) 2 common, usual, normal, ordinary, regular, frequent 混用 (母題)A new _ bus service to Tianjin Airport started to operate two months ago. A. normal B. usual C. regular D. common 【解析】選C。考查形容詞辨析。句意：一個(gè)通向天津機(jī)場的新公交班車兩個(gè)月前開始運(yùn)營。normal 正常的；usual 通常的，往常的；regular 定期的，有規(guī)律的；common 共同的，普及的，普遍的。,（變式）Whoever has _ sense knows that smoking is harmful to peoples health. A. normal B. general C. ordinary D. common 【解析】選D。根據(jù)語境, “任何一個(gè)有常識(shí)的人”，common sense表示“常識(shí)”。,【誤區(qū)點(diǎn)撥】 regular定期的，有規(guī)律的normal正常的，符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的 usual通常的，慣例的 common共同的，普遍的 ordinary平凡的，普通的，平常的 frequent頻繁的，時(shí)常發(fā)生的,1（2013·蘇州模擬）How was your interview for going abroad to study? Oh, I couldnt feel any _. I hardly understood most of the questions they asked. A. worse B. harder C. happier D. better 【解析】選A?？疾樾稳菰~比較級(jí)用法。句意：你的出國學(xué)習(xí)面試怎么樣？噢，再糟糕不過了，我?guī)缀趼牪欢麄儐柕拇蟛糠謫栴}。由對(duì)話中的I hardly understood most of the questions they asked. 可知，面試并不如意，故要用I couldnt feel any worse，正確答案選A項(xiàng)。,2. Little Tommy is really hard to deal withYou cant find a _ boy in the class Anoisy Bnoisier Cnoisiest Dso noisy 【解析】選B。考查形容詞比較級(jí)用法。句意：小湯米真難對(duì)付。你在這個(gè)班上找不到更吵鬧的男孩子了。not或never與形容詞比較級(jí)連用，表示最高級(jí)含義，故本題正確選項(xiàng)為B。,3. Do you have any idea why the engineer resigned? No. In fact, everyone is _ about it. A. doubtful B. curious C. enthusiastic D. annoyed 【解析】選B?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。句意：你知道那位工程師為什么辭職嗎？不知道，實(shí)際上，每個(gè)人都對(duì)此感到好奇。doubtful 可疑的，懷疑的；curious 好奇的；enthusiastic 熱情的；annoyed 生氣的，煩悶的。根據(jù)句意，本題正確選項(xiàng)為B。,4. Doctors often advise us to pay more attention to our diets and mental health and to take _ examinations. A. relevant B. regular C. adequate D. accurate 【解析】選B?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生經(jīng)常建議我們要多注意飲食和精神健康，也要定期進(jìn)行體檢。relevant 相關(guān)的，有關(guān)的；regular 定期的，經(jīng)常的，有規(guī)律的；adequate 充足的；accurate 精確的。根據(jù)句意，B項(xiàng)正確。,5. （2013·南京模擬）As is often the case, the fact that something is cheap doesnt _ mean its of low quality. A. necessarily B. usually C. certainly D. mostly 【解析】選A?？疾楦痹~詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，廉價(jià)的東西不一定就意味著質(zhì)量低下，通常情況就是如此。necessarily 必定地，必然地，必要地；usually 通常地；certainly 當(dāng)然地；mostly 大部分地。,6. (2013·溫州模擬）It is so _ of you not to play the piano while I was sleeping A. modest B. considerate C. typical D. careless 【解析】選B。考查形容詞辨析。句意：在我睡覺的時(shí)候你不彈鋼琴，你這么體貼人。modest 謙虛的，適中的；considerate 體貼的，考慮周到的；typical 典型的；careless 粗心的。 由句意可知，B項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)。,7. （2013·金華模擬）Im afraid Im not _ to help with the talent show, for I am fully occupied with my own project. A. reliable B. available C. convenient D. accessible 【解析】選B?？疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。句意：恐怕我沒空為這次才藝表演提供幫助，因?yàn)槲艺τ谧约旱恼n題。reliable 可靠的；available 可得到的，可利用的，空閑的；convenient 便利的，主語不能是人；accessible 可到達(dá)的，易接近的。由句意可知，正確選項(xiàng)為B。,8. The home rent is expensive. Ive got about half the space I had at home and Im paying _ here. A. as three times as much B. as much three times C. much as three times D. three times as much 【解析】選D?？疾楸稊?shù)關(guān)系句型。句意：房租很昂貴。我只得到了在家里一半的空間，卻要付三倍的價(jià)錢。倍數(shù)關(guān)系句型分為“倍數(shù)+as+adj. +as. . . 和“倍數(shù)+比較級(jí)+than. . . ”兩種，由此可知，D項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)。,9. The technology of electronic products is _ changing, so you neednt follow the fashion. A. rarely B. approximately C. automatically D. constantly 【解析】選D?？疾楦痹~。句意：電子產(chǎn)品科技時(shí)常更新?lián)Q代，因此你不必趕潮流。constantly時(shí)常地，不時(shí)地。,10. （2013·黃山模擬）Recently stock prices have been falling _ because of the influence of the global financial crisis A. sharply B. absolutely C. narrowly D. automatically 【解析】選A?？疾楦痹~詞義辨析。句意：由于全球金融危機(jī)的影響，最近股票價(jià)格已經(jīng)急劇下降。sharply 急劇地；absolutely 絕對(duì)地；narrowly 勉強(qiáng)地；automatically 自動(dòng)地。根據(jù)句意，本題正確選項(xiàng)為A。,11. More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear _ clothes to work in the United States. A. formal B. serious C. proper D. casual 【解析】選D?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。句意：在美國越來越多的公司允許其辦公室職員穿便裝上班了。formal 正式的；serious 嚴(yán)肅的，嚴(yán)重的；proper 恰當(dāng)?shù)?；casual 隨便的。故正確答案為D。,12. （2013·蕪湖模擬）May I speak to MrSmith? He is not _ nowHe is at a meeting A. reliable B. convenient C. beneficial D. available 【解析】選D?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。句意：我可以和史密斯先生通話嗎？他現(xiàn)在沒空。他正在開會(huì)。reliable 可靠的，可信賴的；convenient 方便的，便利的，在表達(dá)此意時(shí)，其主語只能是形式主語it或事物，而不是人。beneficial 有益的；available 可得到的，空閑的，有空的，其主語為人。故本題正確答案是D項(xiàng)。,13. （2013·蚌埠模擬）Linda kept weighing herself how much _ she was getting. A. heavy B. heavier C. the heavier D. the heaviest 【解析】選B。考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：琳達(dá)一個(gè)勁地稱自己的體重，看重了多少。根據(jù)句意，B項(xiàng)正確。,14. （2013·廈門模擬）Celine Dion who performed wonderfully at the Spring Festival Gala, is _ as she was 15 years ago. A. as attractive a star B. as an attractive star C. attractive as a star D. as attractive star 【解析】選A?？疾樾稳菰~在特定語法結(jié)構(gòu)中的位置。句意：席琳·迪翁在春節(jié)晚會(huì)上進(jìn)行了精彩的表演，她依然與15年前一樣，是個(gè)有魅力的明星。在as. . . as引導(dǎo)的短語結(jié)構(gòu)中, 第一個(gè)as為副詞，要修飾形容詞或副詞，即構(gòu)成“as+adj. +a(n)+n. +as”的形式，故本題正確選項(xiàng)為A。,15. He bought a _ pen on the market. A. black British plastic B. British black plastic C. British plastic black D. black plastic British 【解析】選A?？疾樾稳菰~排序。根據(jù)“縣(限)官(冠)行(形)令(齡)宴(顏)國(國家)才(材料)”可知A項(xiàng)正確。,