Unit 5 First aid,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,1.aidvt.有害的,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,plexadj.復(fù)雜的 complexityn.復(fù)雜;復(fù)雜性 8.varietyn.變化;多樣(化);多變(性) variousadj.各種各樣的 9.mildadj.輕微的;溫和的,溫柔的 mildlyadv.輕微地;溫和地 10.swellvt.壓榨者,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,13.pourvt.勇氣 braveadj.勇敢的 bravelyadv.勇敢地,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,19.treatvt.逼迫,強(qiáng)迫,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,1.first aid (對(duì)傷患者的)急救 2.fall ill 生病 3.electric shock 觸電;電休克 4.squeeze out 榨出;擠出 5.over and over again 反復(fù);多次 6.in place 在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?適當(dāng) 7.a number of 若干;許多 8.put ones hands on 找到 9.make a difference 區(qū)別對(duì)待;有影響,起(重要)作用,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,1.如果燒傷的部位在臂部或腿部,要盡可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心臟的位置。 If burns are on arms or legs,keep them higher than the heart,if possible . 2.你的皮膚使你感到冷熱、疼痛,它還使你有觸覺(jué)。 Your skin is where you feel cold,heat,or pain and it gives you your sense of touch. 3.約翰正在房間里學(xué)習(xí),這時(shí)他聽(tīng)到了一聲尖叫。 John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. 4.正是約翰快捷的動(dòng)作和急救知識(shí)救了斯萊德女士的命。 It was Johns quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slades life. 5.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),正是約翰敏捷的思維和在學(xué)校學(xué)到的急救技能挽救了斯萊德女士的生命。 There is no doubt that Johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slades life.,The skin,1.which acts as a barrier against disease,poisons and the suns harmful rays,is an essential part of your body.So if your skin gets burned it can be very serious. 2.Depending(depend) on which layers of the skin are burned,burns are called first,second or third degree burns.First degree burns have 3.an effect only on the top layer of the skin,making one feels 4.mildly(mild) painful.Second degree burns include severe sunburn and burns 5.caused(cause) by hot liquids.Third degree burns are often caused by 6.electric(electricity) shocks,burning clothes,or severe petrol fires.These affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs under the skin. First aid is a very important first step in the 7.treatment(treat) of burns.For first degree burns,place cool,clean,wet cloths on them 8.until the pain is not so bad.For second degree burns,keep cloths cool 9.by putting them back in a basin of cold water,squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.If the injuries are second or third degree burns,it is vital 10.to get(get) the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,aid vt.資助 First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到醫(yī)生之前對(duì)突然生病或受傷的人所給予的臨時(shí)性救助。(教材原句P33) 常見(jiàn)用法 1.aid sb.to do sth.幫助某人做某事 aid sb.in/with.在某方面幫助某人 2.give/offer/carry out first aid 進(jìn)行急救 come to ones aid幫助某人 with the aid of sb.=with ones aid在某人的幫助下 without the aid of.沒(méi)有的幫助 in aid of 為了幫助,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,The local community aided us in our investigation.當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)協(xié)助我們調(diào)查。 He should be able to read this without the aid of a dictionary.他應(yīng)當(dāng)能夠不用字典就讀懂這個(gè)。 現(xiàn)學(xué)活用 完成句子 1.你的指導(dǎo)幫她取得了成功。 Your guidance aided her to succeed . 2.為幫助饑餓的孩子們,我正在搞募捐。 Im collecting money in aid of starving children. 3.得知我陷入困境后,他立即趕來(lái)幫助我。 Having learned that I was in trouble,he came to my aid without delay.,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,injury n.傷害;損害 Often the illness or injury is not serious,but there are other times when giving first aid quickly can save lives.疾病或者受傷常常不會(huì)很嚴(yán)重,但有時(shí)候快速進(jìn)行急救可能會(huì)挽救生命。(教材原句P33) 常見(jiàn)用法 escape/avoid injury 未受到傷害 do sb.an injury 傷害某人 Dont do that.Youll do yourself an injury.別那樣做,你會(huì)把自己弄傷的。,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,拓展延伸 injured adj.受傷的;受損害的 the injured 傷者 He walked away suffering from nothing more than injured pride.他走開(kāi)了,遭受自尊心受傷的痛苦。 詞義辨析 1.hurt是普通用語(yǔ),既可指肉體上的傷害,也可指精神上、感情上的傷害。 He felt hurt at your words.你的話讓他很傷心。 2.injure比hurt正式,多指損害健康、成就、容貌等,強(qiáng)調(diào)功能的損失。 A bullet injured his right eye.一顆子彈傷了他的右眼。 3.harm指肉體上、精神上的傷害,也可指引起不安或不便。 Dont harm your eyes by reading in dim light.不要在昏暗的燈光下看書(shū),以免損害眼睛。,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,4.damage主要指對(duì)于物的損害,強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)于價(jià)值、用途、外觀等所造成的損失,這種損失或由自然災(zāi)害所致,或由人為造成。 Someone damaged my car with a stone.有人用石頭砸壞了我的汽車。 5.wound指槍傷、刀傷、刺傷等皮肉之傷,是出血的、嚴(yán)重的傷,特指在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上受的傷。它可以指肉體上的傷害,也可喻指精神上的創(chuàng)傷。 The bullet wounded his arm.子彈打傷了他的一只胳膊。 現(xiàn)學(xué)活用 單句填空 1.All the passengers in the vehicle escaped injury(injure). 2.The bus driver was badly injured(injure) on both legs in the traffic accident. 3.The injured were rushed to hospital in an ambulance. 4.A remote-controlled bomb exploded outside a hotel near the town square yesterday,injuring(injure) at least 12 people.,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,squeeze vt.擠,擠入 常見(jiàn)用法 squeeze sth.out把某物擠出來(lái) squeeze sth.out of/from.把某物從擠出 squeeze into/through.擠進(jìn) squeeze up (使)擠緊 She squeezed some juice from a lemon.她從一只檸檬中擠出了一些汁。 Could you squeeze up and let me sit down?擠一擠讓我坐下好嗎?,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,現(xiàn)學(xué)活用 完成句子 1.我們倆人如果擠緊點(diǎn),他就有地方了。 If we two squeeze up,therell be room for him. 2.你是如何擠出更多時(shí)間來(lái)做你想做的事情的? How can you squeeze out more time to do what you want? 3.那條狗擠過(guò)了小小的墻洞。 The dog squeezed through/into the small hole in the wall.,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,vital adj.至關(guān)重要的;生死攸關(guān)的 If the injuries are second or third degree burns,it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.如果是二度或者 三度燒傷,至關(guān)重要的是立即把傷者送去看醫(yī)生或送往醫(yī)院。(教材原句P35) 常見(jiàn)用法 be vital to.對(duì)至關(guān)重要 be of vital importance 是至關(guān)重要的 It is vital to do sth.做某事很重要 It is vital that.是十分重要的 This matter is of vital importance to us.這件事對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)至關(guān)重要。 It is vital that we move quickly.我們必須快速離開(kāi)。,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,特別提醒 在It is vital that.句型中,that后接的句子使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”,should可以省略。 現(xiàn)學(xué)活用 單句填空 1.Law and order is vital to a country. 2.It is vital to keep(keep) calm when dealing with emergency. 3.It is absolutely vital that the matter be kept(keep) secret.,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,treat vt.請(qǐng)客 John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slades hands.約翰用這些東西包扎了斯萊德女士手上最嚴(yán)重的傷口。(教材原句P38) 常見(jiàn)用法 1.treat sb./sth.對(duì)進(jìn)行治療 treat.as/like 把當(dāng)作,把視為 treat sb.with 對(duì)某人 treat sb.to sth.用某物招待某人,以某物款待某人 2.be ones treat 由某人請(qǐng)客 She was treated for sunstroke.她因中暑而接受治療。 She treats me like one of the family.她把我當(dāng)作家人來(lái)看待。 Lets go out for dinnermy treat this time.咱們出去吃飯吧這次我請(qǐng)客。,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,拓展延伸 treatment n.治療;對(duì)待 give sb.emergency treatment 對(duì)某人進(jìn)行緊急治療 get/receive treatment接受治療 現(xiàn)學(xué)活用 單句填空 1.The way the guests were treated(treat) in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service. 2.Treat yourself (you) to a glass of wine to help you relax at the end of the day. 3.He treats everything I say as/like some kind of joke. 4.Workers have got the free medical treatment(treat).,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,apply vt.涂,擦;應(yīng)用,運(yùn)用 vi.使用;申請(qǐng),請(qǐng)求;有效 He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived.他使勁地按住傷口,使血流得慢些,一直等到警察和救護(hù)車的到來(lái)。(教材原句P38) 常見(jiàn)用法 apply to do sth.申請(qǐng)做某事 apply to.適用于,向申請(qǐng) apply.to.將應(yīng)用于 apply (to sb).for sth.向(某人)申請(qǐng) apply oneself to (doing) sth.致力(做)某事 The nurse applied the ointment to the wound.護(hù)士把藥膏敷到傷口上。 This rule cannot be applied to every case.這條規(guī)則不是所有情況都適用。 He applied himself to learning French.他致力于學(xué)習(xí)法語(yǔ)。,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,拓展延伸 applicant n.申請(qǐng)者 application n.申請(qǐng);申請(qǐng)表;適用 applied adj.實(shí)用的,應(yīng)用的 現(xiàn)學(xué)活用 單句填空 1.They can better apply theory to practice in this way. 2.The position,however,for which you are applying,is not quite a well-paid one. 3.Many applicants(apply)have applied to the company for the only position available. 4.Applied(apply) Chemistry is a branch of Chemistry.,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,fall ill 生病 First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到醫(yī)生之前對(duì)突然生病或受傷的人所給予的臨時(shí)性救助。(教材原句P33) She may fall ill,in which case she will have to be taken to the hospital at once.她可能病了。如果是這樣,就得馬上送她去醫(yī)院。 She had to stay home because her son fell ill.因?yàn)閮鹤由×?所以她必須待在家里。,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,拓展延伸 fall asleep 入睡 fall apart 土崩瓦解 fall behind 落后 fall off 跌落,下降 fall over被絆倒,跌倒 fall in love with.愛(ài)上 fall into the habit of.養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,現(xiàn)學(xué)活用 用fall構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.If you dont try your best to learn all subjects,you will fall behind. 2.He couldnt fall asleep last night,because he was thinking how to finish his work early. 3.The deal fell apart when we failed to agree on the price. 4.I rushed for the door and fell over the cat in the hallway. 5.Be careful not to fall off the ladder.,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,in place 適當(dāng);在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?Hold the bandage in place with tape.用膠布把繃帶固定。(教材原句P35) She likes to have everything in place.她喜歡把所有東西都擺放整齊。 Ensure the guard is in place before operating the machine.確保防護(hù)罩放好后再開(kāi)機(jī)器。 拓展延伸 out of place位置不當(dāng);不得體,不相稱 in ones place=in place of代替 in the first place 最初;首先;第一 take place 發(fā)生 take ones place 就座;替代 take the place of=take ones place代替,替代,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,現(xiàn)學(xué)活用 用place的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)完成句子 1.我們可用塑料來(lái)代替木材或金屬。 We can use plastics in place of wood or metal. 2.在離開(kāi)辦公室之前,應(yīng)把所有物品擺放好。 Before you leave the office,everything should be put in place. 3.他那番坦白話實(shí)在不適合在宴會(huì)上說(shuō)。 His frank statements were really out of place at the party. 4.我們沒(méi)有誰(shuí)能代替約翰工作。 We had no one to take the place of John.,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,make a difference 有區(qū)別;有關(guān)系;有影響;起(重要)作用 It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.這表明懂得急救知識(shí)的確能發(fā)揮重要的作用。(教材原句P38) 常見(jiàn)用法 make a difference to.對(duì)起作用/有影響 make some/no/much difference 有關(guān)系/沒(méi)有關(guān)系/有很大關(guān)系 The sea air has made a difference to her health.海上的空氣改善了她的健康狀況。 Your age shouldnt make any difference to whether you get the job or not.你能否得到這份工作應(yīng)該與你的年齡無(wú)關(guān)。,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,拓展延伸 tell the difference (between.and.)辨別(與的)不同 be of no/little/much/great difference沒(méi)有/幾乎沒(méi)有/有很大/有巨大作用 現(xiàn)學(xué)活用 單句填空 1.It makes no difference to me whether you like it or not,because I never listen to you. 2.What difference will it make if he knows or not? 3.Can you tell the difference between the two words?,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,There is no doubt that.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn) There is no doubt that Johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slades life.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),是約翰敏捷的思維和在學(xué)校學(xué)到的急救技能挽救了斯萊德女士的生命。(教材原句P38) There is no doubt that Mary is qualified for the job.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),瑪麗適合做這項(xiàng)工作。 There is some doubt whether he will be elected.他是否能當(dāng)選還不太確定。,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,拓展延伸 There is no doubt/denying that.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn) There is some doubt whether.不太確定是否 There is no doubt about sth.關(guān)于某事毫無(wú)疑問(wèn) sb.has no doubt that/about.某人不懷疑 sb.has some doubt whether/if.某人懷疑是否 特別提醒 doubt前有否定詞時(shí),后面的從句用that引導(dǎo),否則用whether引導(dǎo)。 現(xiàn)學(xué)活用 單句填空 1.There is no doubt that your success has resulted from your hard work. 2.There is no doubt about his role in the robbery. 3.There is some doubt whether he is suitable for the job.,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,if possible If burns are on arms or legs,keep them higher than the heart,if possible.如果燒傷的部位在臂部或腿部,要盡可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心臟的位置。(教材原句P35) if possible“如果可能的話”,是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句的省略形式,相當(dāng)于if it is possible。 拓展延伸 if so如果是這樣 if not如果不是的話,如果沒(méi)有的話 if any 如果有的話 if ever 如果曾經(jīng)有的話,如果發(fā)生過(guò)的話 if necessary如果有必要的話,重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)句型,重點(diǎn)單詞,Will you be free this evening?If so,lets go to the concert together.你今晚有空嗎?如果有,我們一起去聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì)吧。 If necessary,I will go there myself.如果有必要的話,我將親自去那兒一趟。 現(xiàn)學(xué)活用 用if的省略結(jié)構(gòu)填空 1.Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday? Yes,if possible,Im going to visit some homes for the old in the city. 2.I hear Alice was badly injured in the accident and sent to hospital. If so,we should go and see her immediately. 3.Is anybody feeling cold?If not,lets open the windows. 4.He seldom,if ever,reads a book. 5.Correct the errors in the following sentences,if any.,一、單句填空 1.(2015·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷改編)Over the years,Parisian cafes (fall) victim to changes in the French lifestylelonger working hours,a fast-food boom and a younger generations desire to spend more time at home. 1.have fallen。由over the years可知,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。句意:近年來(lái),巴黎的咖啡館成了法國(guó)生活方式變化的犧牲品工作時(shí)間變長(zhǎng),快餐業(yè)興盛,年輕人更喜歡待在家中。 2.(2015·北京高考改編)Many studies show that older parentstodays grandparentswould have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been barrier. 2.a。barrier作“障礙,障礙物”講為可數(shù)名詞,此處應(yīng)用不定冠詞表泛指。句意:許多研究表明,如果交流手段和成本不是交流的障礙的話,上一代家長(zhǎng),即現(xiàn)在的祖父母?jìng)兘o子女打電話的頻率會(huì)更高。,3.(2015·北京高考改編)Electronic wastes also contain many (poison) metals. 3.poisonous。所填詞作定語(yǔ)修飾metals,應(yīng)用形容詞poisonous“有毒的”。句意:電子垃圾還包括很多有毒的金屬。 4.(2015·湖南高考改編)While finding information is easier than ever,at the same time,researching has become complex. 4.more。從句中用了比較級(jí)詞easier,主句也應(yīng)用比較級(jí)形式與之匹配。句意:盡管查詢信息比以往更容易了,但與此同時(shí)科研卻變得更復(fù)雜了。 5.(2015·江蘇高考改編)In many countries the concept of extended producer responsibility is being considered or has been put place as an incentive(鼓勵(lì))for reducing waste. 5.in。句意:在很多國(guó)家,生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任延伸制的理念正在被人們考慮或者已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備將其轉(zhuǎn)化為實(shí)踐,以鼓勵(lì)人們減少垃圾。put.in place“把放在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?將準(zhǔn)備就緒”。,6.The (damage) ship managed with difficulty to get back to port. 6.damaged。此處應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞形式的形容詞作定語(yǔ),修飾名詞ship,意為“受損的”。 7.(2015·江蘇高考改編)The number of smokers,as is reported, (drop) by 17 percent in just one year. 7.has dropped。in just one year為時(shí)間段,再結(jié)合定語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)可知,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)表示結(jié)果;the number of短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式,故填has dropped。句意:據(jù)報(bào)道,吸煙者人數(shù)僅一年之內(nèi)就減少了17%。 8.(2015·天津高考改編)They have potential (apply) in everything from education to health care and are already finding their way into some of these spaces. 8.application(s)。句意:他們?cè)诮逃结t(yī)療保健的各個(gè)方面都有潛在的應(yīng)用,并且已經(jīng)進(jìn)入到了太空領(lǐng)域。application在此表示“應(yīng)用,用途”之意,可作可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。,9.(2013·廣東高考改編)If you dont enjoy what you do,it is going to feel like (bear) pain and will likely make you quit well before you ever become good at it. 9.unbearable。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境以及pain可知此處應(yīng)填unbearable,表示“無(wú)法忍受的疼痛”。 10.(2013·上海高考改編)That is why many amusics intentionally stay away from places there is music. 10.where。此處先行詞為places,應(yīng)用where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。,二、單元話題微寫(xiě)作 急救 根據(jù)提示,將以下句子連成一篇英語(yǔ)短文。 1.張明是一位臨時(shí)工。一天下午他在上班途中發(fā)現(xiàn)一位婦女躺在地上,血流不止。(temporary worker;bleed heavily) 2.他立刻找到一些繃帶和膠帶,把她最嚴(yán)重的傷口包扎起來(lái)。(put his hands on;a number of bandages;treat) 3.他使勁按住傷口,使血流得慢些,一直等到警察和救護(hù)車到來(lái)。(apply pressure;ambulance) 4.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),是張明的敏捷思維和急救知識(shí)挽救了那位婦女的生命。這表明懂得急救知識(shí)能發(fā)揮至關(guān)重要的作用。(There is no doubt that.;make a vital difference),Zhang Ming,a temporary worker was on his way to work one afternoon,when he discovered a woman lying on the ground bleeding heavily.Immediately Zhang Ming put his hands on a number of bandages and tape,and treated the most severe injuries to her hands.He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived. There is no doubt that it was Zhang Mings quick thinking and knowledge of first aid that saved the womans life.It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a vital difference.,