專(zhuān)題七 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣,詞匯復(fù)習(xí)7(根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示填入以c開(kāi)頭的單詞的適當(dāng)形式,然后背誦情景,熟記以c開(kāi)頭的課標(biāo)高頻詞匯。) 【情景1】A charity is (聚集) money for a primary school,where children are in poor (狀況).Several days ago,a speech covering caring for kids was made in the central park.The speakers from the charity called on the government chiefs to take (挑戰(zhàn)) to make changes on childrens living conditions.Meanwhile,they also suggest (市民) should create more chances to develop childrens good (性格).Everyone should make (貢獻(xiàn))to offer children a happy childhood.Children are closely connected with our future,and they will certainly carry out kind deeds for our concern.,collecting,condition,challenges,citizens,characters,contributions,譯文:一家慈善機(jī)構(gòu)正在為一所小學(xué)募捐,小學(xué)里的孩子們身體不好。就在幾天前,在中心公園里舉行了一次涉及關(guān)心孩子的演講。來(lái)自該慈善機(jī)構(gòu)的演講者呼吁政府首腦在改變孩子的生活環(huán)境方面做出挑戰(zhàn)。同時(shí),他們還建議市民們創(chuàng)建更多機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)培養(yǎng)孩子的良好性格。每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該為給孩子提供一個(gè)美好的童年做出貢獻(xiàn)。孩子們同我們的未來(lái)息息相關(guān),他們肯定會(huì)為我們對(duì)他們的關(guān)心而做出善舉的。,【情景2】Its been (證實(shí)) that Jody had committed a crime in his company for the unfair commercial competition with his (同伴). (比較) with others,during work time he didnt concentrate his energy on (完成) the compulsory work,but concerned himself more about (舒服).Though he had made a compromise,the committee in the conference commanded that he should compensate for the loss.,confirmed,companions,Compared,completing,comfort,【情景2】譯文:已經(jīng)證實(shí)喬迪在公司因?yàn)楦榈牟还缴虡I(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)而犯罪。和其他人比較起來(lái),在工作期間,他不集中精力于完成分內(nèi)的工作,而是更多地關(guān)注個(gè)人的舒服。盡管他妥協(xié)了,但是會(huì)議上委員會(huì)命令他對(duì)損失做出補(bǔ)償。,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)感情,本義用法要拿定; 特殊意義需強(qiáng)記,虛擬推測(cè)辨分明。 1.(2015·重慶卷改編)You be Carol.You havent changed a bit after all these years.,答案,解析,2.(2015·浙江卷改編)It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak.,答案,解析,3.(2015·四川卷改編)You be careful with the camera.It costs!,答案,解析,4.(2015·陜西卷改編)You feel all the training a waste of time,but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it.,答案,解析,5.(2015·福建卷改編)Sorry,Mum! I failed the job interview again. Oh,its too bad.You have made full preparations.,答案,解析,6.(2015·安徽卷改編)It is lucky we booked a room,or we (have)nowhere to stay now.,答案,解析,7.(2015·北京卷改編)If I (not see)it with my own eyes,I wouldnt have believed it.,答案,解析,8.(2015·天津卷改編)I wish I (be)at my sisters wedding last Tuesday,but I was on a business trip in New York then.,答案,解析,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,2.must 表示推測(cè)時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu) (1)表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)事實(shí)的推測(cè)用“must+動(dòng)詞原形”的結(jié)構(gòu)形式。 He must feel very happy once he gets the good news. 一旦他得到這個(gè)好消息,他肯定感到非常開(kāi)心。 Mr.Wang must be out now,for no one answers the doorbell. 王先生此時(shí)肯定沒(méi)在家,因?yàn)闆](méi)有人回應(yīng)門(mén)鈴。 (2)表示對(duì)此時(shí)此刻正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作的推測(cè)用“must+be doing”結(jié)構(gòu)形式。 The girl must be practicing the piano in the next room.She does so at the same time every day. 那個(gè)女孩肯定正在隔壁彈鋼琴。她每天此時(shí)都彈鋼琴。,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,(3)表示對(duì)過(guò)去或已完成事實(shí)的推測(cè)用“must have done”的結(jié)構(gòu)形式。 Your words must have had an influence on him,for he has changed a lot. 你的話(huà)語(yǔ)對(duì)他肯定產(chǎn)生了影響,因?yàn)樗淖兞嗽S多。 It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet. 昨天晚上肯定下雨了,因?yàn)榈孛媸菨竦摹?I saw him playing basketball on the playground this morning.He must have recovered from his foot injury. 今天上午我看到他在操場(chǎng)上打籃球了,他的腳傷肯定好了。,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,一,二,三,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,一,二,三,2.虛擬條件句的倒裝與省略 如果虛擬條件句中有were,had(助動(dòng)詞)或should時(shí),可將were,had或should提前到主語(yǔ)之前形成倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),同時(shí)省去if。若虛擬條件句為否定句時(shí),not不提前。 If John were here,he would solve the problem easily. 如果約翰在這兒,他會(huì)很容易地解決這一問(wèn)題。 Were John here,he would solve the problem easily. If you had told me you would come in advance,I would have made arrangements. 如果你提前告知我你要來(lái),我就會(huì)做好一切安排的。 Had you told me you would come in advance,I would have made arrangements.,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,一,二,三,If it should rain tomorrow,all the crops would be saved. 如果明天下雨的話(huà),所有莊稼就有救了。 Should it rain tomorrow,all the crops would be saved. If you hadnt warned me of the terrible weather,I would have been caught in the heavy rain. 如果你沒(méi)有提醒我惡劣天氣的話(huà),我就會(huì)淋到大雨的。 Had you not warned me of the terrible weather,I would have been caught in the heavy rain.,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,一,二,三,3.錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句 虛擬條件句和主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致,主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)要根據(jù)各自所指的不同時(shí)間選用適當(dāng)?shù)奶摂M語(yǔ)氣形式。 If I were you,I wouldnt have missed the film last night. 如果我是你,我就不會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)昨晚那部電影了。(從句現(xiàn)在主句過(guò)去) If they had left home in the early morning,they would arrive in half an hour. 要是他們一大早離開(kāi)家的話(huà),再過(guò)半個(gè)小時(shí)他們就該到了。(從句過(guò)去主句將來(lái)) If he had spent more time practising speaking English before,he would be able to speak it much better now. 如果他以前花更多的時(shí)間來(lái)練習(xí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的話(huà),現(xiàn)在他就能說(shuō)得更好了。(從句過(guò)去主句將來(lái)),情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,一,二,三,4.含蓄虛擬條件句 通過(guò)上下文或用介詞短語(yǔ)等表示虛擬條件取代虛擬條件句。常用的介詞有with,without,but for,otherwise,or等。 But for your help,we couldnt have succeeded. 要不是你的幫助,我們是不會(huì)成功的。 Without electricity,life would be quite different today. 如果沒(méi)有電,今天的生活就會(huì)完全不同。,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,一,二,三,二、虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于名詞性從句中 1.用于賓語(yǔ)從句中 (1)wish后面所跟賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬:wish+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式或were+其他 表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬:wish+主語(yǔ)+had+過(guò)去分詞+其他 表示對(duì)將來(lái)情況的虛擬:wish+主語(yǔ)+would/could+動(dòng)詞原形+其他 I wish (that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky. 我希望我是只小鳥(niǎo),能在天空自由飛翔。 How I wish I had listened to my parents advice! 我多么希望聽(tīng)了父母的建議! How I wish it werent raining now. 我多希望現(xiàn)在沒(méi)下雨啊。,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,一,二,三,(2)含有表示要求(request,require,demand)、建議(suggest,advise,recommend,propose)、命令(order,command)、主張(insist)等詞或其變形的名詞性從句(賓語(yǔ)從句、主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句)中,常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)“should+動(dòng)詞原形”,should可以省略。 He suggested that we (should) start off early the next day. 他建議我們第二天早點(diǎn)出發(fā)。 (3)在would rather后的賓語(yǔ)從句中,也用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,其結(jié)構(gòu)為: would rather sb.+過(guò)去時(shí)(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)/過(guò)去完成時(shí)(與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反) I would rather they didnt hear of the news. 我寧愿他們沒(méi)聽(tīng)到那個(gè)消息。 I would rather you hadnt told him the news yet. 我寧愿你沒(méi)把消息告訴他。,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,一,二,三,2.用于主語(yǔ)從句中 It is desired/suggested/proposed/recommended/necessary/important/strange/natural/a pity/essential.+that從句,從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”,should可以省略。 It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off till next week.人們建議會(huì)議推遲到下周。 It is strange that he (should) have acted toward his parents like that. 真奇怪他竟然那樣對(duì)他父母。(act在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be之前發(fā)生,所以要用should have acted) Its strongly suggested that measures(should) be taken to forbid students to cheat in the exams. 強(qiáng)烈建議采取措施來(lái)禁止學(xué)生在考試中作弊。,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,一,二,三,3.用于表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中 在suggestion,proposal,order,plan,idea,request,advice等名詞后的表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,其構(gòu)成是“should+動(dòng)詞原形”,should可以省略。 My idea is that we (should) think it over before accepting it. 我的意見(jiàn)是在接受之前要反復(fù)考慮。 We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Dalian for sightseeing. 我們都同意他讓我們?nèi)ゴ筮B旅游的建議。,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,一,二,三,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,一,二,三,Its high time that we devoted/should devote ourselves to environmental protection and ecological improvement. 是我們致力于環(huán)境保護(hù)和生態(tài)改善的時(shí)候了。 If only I had not been ill last week! 要是上周我沒(méi)病該多好啊! Dont handle the vase as if it were made of steel. 不要對(duì)待那個(gè)花瓶就像它是由鋼制成似的。,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,一,二,三,附:特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語(yǔ)氣黃金口訣 虛擬用在名從中,should do結(jié)構(gòu)要記清; 一個(gè)堅(jiān)持兩命令,三個(gè)要求四建議; it作主后有形,奇怪重要自然行; wish之后有賓從,虛擬時(shí)態(tài)退一層; as if/if only/would rather,時(shí)態(tài)也要退一層; Its high time that sb.did sth.此種形式要記清。,一,二,三,四,一、 用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞填空 1. I have a word with you?It wont take long. 2.Ive ordered some pizza,so we not worry about cooking when we get home tired. 3.You not get the machine repaired this week.I wont need it until next month. 4.No student go out of the school campus after 10:00 at night without permission according to the school regulations. 5.No one be more generous;he has a heart of gold. 6.The door not open,no matter how hard she pushed. 7.The children have got lost in the woods;otherwise,they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.,Can/May,need,need,shall,could,would,must,一,二,三,四,8.He not sleep,although he tried to,when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it. 9.When I was a child,I watch TV whenever I wanted to. 10.What are you doing this Saturday? Im not sure,but I go to the Rolling Stones concert.,could,could,might,一,二,三,四,二、用適當(dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)詞形式填空 1.We (be) back in the hotel now if you didnt lose the map. 2. (be) there no modern telecommunications,we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world. 3.We would rather our daughter (stay) at home with us,but it is her choice,and she is not a child any longer. 4.They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation,or they (come) to our help. 5.How did you do in the test? Not so well.I (do) much better but I misread the directions for Part D. 6.If we (book) a table earlier,we couldnt be standing here in a queue.,would be,Were,stayed,would have come,could have done,had booked,一,二,三,四,7.Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam (be) at the age of six months old. 8.I (go) to my cousins birthday party last night,but I was not available. 9.Do you think George has passed the driving test? No.If so,he (drive) his car to our college yesterday. 10.Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she (live) there,she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.,(should) be,would have gone,would have driven,were to live/should live,三、語(yǔ)法填空 How many of us can really ever thank our mothers 1. what they do for us?I am now 40 years old,so its been a lot of years that Ive had my moms loving 2. (guide)and direction behind me pushing me gently when I need it. When I was ill,Mom would take care of me 3. (condition).When I had a terrible dream,she would never yell me for stealing into her bed.4. I graduated from college,she took pride in me as I walked across that stage.When life would get me down,she would tell me that its always dark 5. the dawn.Shes always been my greatest support,6. (keep) me up when life tried to defeat me.She never told me that anything was impossible or that I set 7. goals too high.With a gentle guiding hand she got me back on the right track if I faltered (搖晃).,一,二,三,四,for,guidance,unconditionally,When,before,keeping,my,一,二,三,四,A simple thank you will never be enough for the kindness and love she 8. (show) to me over the years.My mom deserves more than flowers,candy or 9. gifts.There isnt a gift in the world that could ever express my thanks for 10. she has done for me over the years.,has shown,other,what,一,二,三,四,四、短文改錯(cuò) I moved to live with my grandparents at the age of ten.My parents which worked in another city usually came to meet us a few time every month.It was a wonderfully feeling knowing that my parents were arriving.Every weekend,I couldnt wait to seeing them.Usually my parents got home very late on the Friday nights or early Saturday mornings.Whenever we arrived,I was usually asleep then.My parents quickly fell asleep like kids after the long tired journey.My mother woke me up about 7 oclock the next morning.Then we both went to the kitchen and make tea for the family.Then we sat together but shared our experiences of the week.,一,二,三,四,