梵 高 Vincent Willem van Gogh Post-Impressionismimprenizm （后印象主義）isthetermcoinedbytheBritishartistandartcriticRogerFry(藝術(shù)批評家羅格弗萊)in1910todescribethedevelopmentofFrenchartsinceManet（莫奈）.Fryusedthetermwhenheorganizedthe1910exhibitionManet and the Post-Impressionists. Post-ImpressionistsextendedImpressionismwhilerejectingitslimitations:theycontinuedusingvividcolours,thickapplicationofpaint,distinctivebrushstrokes（筆畫，筆觸）,andreal-lifesubjectmatter,buttheyweremoreinclinedtoemphasizegeometric（幾何學(xué)的）forms,todistort（扭曲，變形）formforexpressiveeffect,andtouseunnaturalorarbitrary:bitrri（任意的）colour. Cezanne（塞尚）thinksthatpaintingdoesnotmeancopyingthereality;itmeansseekingallkindsofharmoniousrelationships. Post-Impressionism goes against the tradition. It inspiresandenlightenstwoModernismarttrends:abstractart(抽象藝術(shù))andexpressionism(表現(xiàn)主義) RepresentativeFigures 塞尚(PaulCezanne，1839-1906) 高更(PaulGauguin，1848-1903)梵高(VincentVanGogh，1853-1890) PaulCezanne(保羅塞尚) Cezannespaintingshavedistinctcharacteristics.Hestressesthepurenessandtheformofthepaintings.Inhisworks,scenerydescriptionisverysimpleandfullofgeometricalfeatures.Hepursuesthatallthetime,regardlessofthetraditionalprinciple. Self-portrait18791882Kunstmuseum,Bern（伯恩，巴塞爾美術(shù)館） The Basket of Apples（靜物 蘋果和籃子）18901894ArtInstituteofChicago（芝加哥美術(shù)館） Mont Sainte-Victoire（圣維克多山）18851887CourtauldInstituteGalleries,London（倫敦考陶爾德畫廊） PaulGauguin（保羅高更） PaulGauguinisgoodatdrawingpaintingswithflatareasofcolorandboldoutlines,hisexpressionoftheinherentmeaningofthesubjectsinhispaintings,pavedthewaytoPrimitivism primitivizm（原始主義）andthereturntothepastoral. 我們從哪里來？我們是誰？我們往哪里去？(Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?)，1897年，收藏于美國麻州波士頓美術(shù)館 VincentvanGogh,Paul Gauguin (Man in a Red Beret),1888,VanGoghMuseum,Amsterdam（阿姆斯特丹，梵高博物館） Vincent Willem van Gogh Name: Vincent Willem Van GoghBorn: Holland 30 March, 1853Died: France 27 July, 1890 Introduce Van Gogh is an impressionist representative, one of mankinds most outstanding artists in the 1 9 th century. He born in Netherland, loved life but repeated setbacks. For they could not love him, but still his love is true.WhenhelearningtheskillofpaintersRembrandt,andbytheOrientalart,especiallytheimpactofJapaneseprints,leadtoformitsownuniqueartisticstyle,creativitymanyfullofpassionforlifework.Alltheoutstandingworksarecompletedinthelastsixyearsofhislife.ABritishcriticsaid:Heusedalltheirenergytopursuetheonetheworldsmostsimpleandmostordinarythings,whichisthesun. Maybethisdirtyworldwasnevermeantforoneasbeautifulashim.Sothereisnohopeinhisheart,heshothimselftodeathattheageof37,andthenheandhisbrotherwasburiedintogether. Manyyearslater,peoplefinallyrealizedthathisworkshasbeyondcomparevalue.Obviously,manyofhismasterpiecesisscramblingtobuyandcollect.Foraartist,perhapsthetrueandgreatartsareworkswithallofhislife.