仁愛英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)一，系動(dòng)詞及用法。大多數(shù)聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞后面接形容詞，seem后還可接不定式,be后可接副詞、名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)等。聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞和后面的表語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成句子的謂語(yǔ)。初中階段常見的聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞有be,look(看起來(lái))，seem（似乎，好像），feel(感覺，感到)，sound(聽起來(lái))，smell（聞起來(lái)），taste（嘗起來(lái)），get(變)，become(變得，成為)，turn(變)，go（變），grow(變)，等。表示變化的系動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別：天氣變化用get;顏色的變化用turn;由好變壞用go;逐漸變化用grow;好變壞、壞變好用become或get;成為用become.翻譯下列句型：1.這朵花聞起來(lái)很香(sweet_2.這種食物嘗起來(lái)是可口的（delicious）_3.她似乎很擔(dān)心。_4.她感到煩惱。_5.這首歌聽起來(lái)很優(yōu)美。_6.樹木變得越來(lái)越綠。_7.我感到失望。_8.天氣變得越來(lái)越暖和。_二，狀語(yǔ)從句1.Hetookoffhiscoat_hefelthot.A.becauseB.asC.ifD.since2.Itis_thatwedliketogooutforawalk.A.alovelydayB.toolovelyadayC.solovelyadayD.suchlovelyaday3.Maryhad_muchworktodothatshewas busyallday.A.suchB.soC.tooD.very4._Ifeltverytired,Itriedtofinishthework.A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.AsD.Asif15._thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As6._wellyoucandrive,youmustdrivecarefully.A.SolongasB.InorderthatC.NomatterhowD.Themoment7.Writetomeassoonasyou_toBeijing.A.willgetB.getC.gettingD.got1.布魯斯太太對(duì)學(xué)生非常親切，以至于學(xué)生都很喜歡她。MrsBrucewas_kindtoherstudents_theyall_herverymuch.2.只要我們竭盡全力，父母就會(huì)滿意我們的表現(xiàn)。Ourparentswillbepleasedwithourperformance_wetryourbest.3.你一到上海就給我打個(gè)電話好嗎？Willyoupleasecallme_yougettoShanghai.4.雖然她很忙，她還堅(jiān)持自學(xué)英語(yǔ)。_,shekeptonlearningEnglishbyherself.5.他長(zhǎng)大后想當(dāng)一名老師。Hewantstobeateacher_.6如果人人為保護(hù)環(huán)境做出貢獻(xiàn)，世界將會(huì)變得更美好。_toprotectingtheenvironment,theworldwillbecomemuchmorebeautiful.7.李明昨天沒來(lái)上學(xué)，因?yàn)樗×恕iMingdidntcometoschool_三、賓語(yǔ)從句1.賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞賓語(yǔ)從句是一種主從復(fù)合句，在句中作及物動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)。根據(jù)賓語(yǔ)從句原先（做賓語(yǔ)之前）的句式，我們把賓語(yǔ)從句分為三類。1）.賓語(yǔ)從句原先是陳述句的，由that連接。that只有語(yǔ)法作用，沒有實(shí)在的意義，可省略。Hesaid.Hewantedtostayathome.Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesntknow.Sheisseriouslyill.Shedoesntknow_Iamsure.Hewillsucceed.Iamsure_.2）.賓語(yǔ)從句原先是特殊疑問(wèn)句的，由其本身疑問(wèn)詞連接。連接代詞 who,whom,whose,what,which和連接副詞when,where,why,how。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)某個(gè)成分。例如：Doyouknow？Who(whom)aretheywaitingfor? Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfor?Canyoutellme?WhereistheNo.3busstop?_Idontknow. Whyisthetrainlate? _3）.賓語(yǔ)從句原先是一般疑問(wèn)句的，由if或whether。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。Iwanttoknow.Doeshelivethere?Iwanttoknowifhelivesthere?Heaskedme.WasthereabookstoreonCenterStreet?_2.賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)為陳述句（主謂式）的語(yǔ)序。例如：Ihear(that)physicsisnteasy.Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?Pleasetellmewhenwellhavethemeeting.3.賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)1）如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句該用什么時(shí)態(tài)就用什么時(shí)態(tài)。如：Idontthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswhereheis.CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?2）如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句只能用相應(yīng)過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)（一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)）。例如：Heaskedwhattimeitwas.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.3）如果賓語(yǔ)從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時(shí)態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例 OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.賓語(yǔ)從句的口訣：學(xué)習(xí)賓從要注意，時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)序和連詞。時(shí)態(tài)主從要呼應(yīng)：主句若為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)隨句意。主句若為過(guò)去時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)變過(guò)去。賓從所示表真理，時(shí)態(tài)不變不懷疑。語(yǔ)序要用陳述序，切莫照搬疑問(wèn)句。That連接陳述句，省與不省要注意。從句若表“是否”時(shí)，if/whether要牢記。特殊問(wèn)句做賓語(yǔ)，仍用原來(lái)疑問(wèn)詞。三個(gè)問(wèn)題要記牢，切莫丟東又往西。()1Theywanttoknow_dotohelpus.A.whattheycanB.howtheycanC.howcantheyD.whatcanthey()2Histeacher_he_brightand_hewasworthteaching.A.didntthink;was;thatB.thoughtwas;whether C.didntthink;was; D.thought;wasnt;()3_we llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather. A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where學(xué)習(xí)賓語(yǔ)從句要抓住三要素：連接詞、語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。1.引導(dǎo)詞1從句為陳述句，常選擇引導(dǎo)詞that或?qū)hat省略，直接與主句相連。2從句為一般疑問(wèn)句，常選擇if或whether。在whetherornot結(jié)構(gòu)中不能用if替換。3從句為特殊疑問(wèn)句，常選擇what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑問(wèn)代、副詞作引導(dǎo)詞。注意：當(dāng)who為主語(yǔ)時(shí)，句式為：who+謂語(yǔ)+其他2.判斷時(shí)態(tài)情況1主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句為各種時(shí)態(tài)情況。2主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句為各種相應(yīng)過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)注意；描繪客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。() 1.Theteachertoldthechildrenthatthesun_round.A.wasB.isC.wereD.are()2.Ibelievethatourteam_thebasketballmatch.A.winB.wonC.willwinD.wins ()3.Idontknow_tovisittheoldman.A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.who3.賓語(yǔ)從句的用法1that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句無(wú)意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分常省略。但下列情況除外：(1)介詞賓語(yǔ)從句的that不省略(2)and連接的幾個(gè)從句，第二個(gè)從句以后的從句的that不省略。 Hetoldme(that)hehadtwosonsandthattheybothhadgonetocollege.(3)在動(dòng)詞+it+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)中，that不省略。 IhearditsaidthathehadgoneabroadWefounditimpossiblethathecouldfinishitinsuchashorttime2.Whether,if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句：兩詞可互換，但是下列情形除外：(1)whether從句中有ornot(2)介詞后用whether. Eerythingdependsonwhetheryouagreewithus3賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序要用陳述句語(yǔ)序錯(cuò):Heiswonderingwhencanhefinishthisdifficultjob.正:Heiswondering_finishthisdifficultjob.4帶有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。即否定前移。錯(cuò):IthinkhedoesntliketheEnglishteacher.正:I_thinkhe_theEnglish teacher. 5.主句一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，從句也要用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)；即主過(guò)從過(guò)。 錯(cuò):Hewantedtoknowwhyheiscryinginthecorner. 正:Hewantedtoknow_cryinginthecorner.賓語(yǔ)從句 從下列A、B、C、D中選擇一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)填空。1.Idontknow_hewillcometomorrow._hecomes,IlltellyouA.if;WhetherB.whether;WhetherC.if;ThatD.if;If2.Idontknow_thedayaftertomorrow. A.whendoeshecomeB.howwillhecomeC.ifhecomesD.whetherhellcome3.Couldyoutellme_thenearesthospitalis?A.whatB.howC.whetherD.where4.Couldyoutellme_theradiowithoutanyhelp?A.howdidhemendB.whatdidhemendC.howhemendedD.whathemended5.Iwanttoknow_. A.whomisshelookingafterB.whomsheislookingC.whomisshelookingD.whomsheislookingafter6.Doyouknowwhere_now?A.helivesB.doesheliveC.helivedD.didhelive7.Doyouknowwhattime_?A.thetrainleaveB.doesthetrainleaveC.willthetrainleaveD.thetrainleaves8.Idontknow_.Canyoutellme,please?A.howthetwoplayersareoldB.howoldarethetwoplayersC.thetwoplayersarehowoldD.howoldthetwoplayersare9.Thesmallchildrendontknow_.A.whatistheirstockingsinB.whatisintheirstockingsC.whereistheirstockingsinD.whatintheirstockings10.Icantunderstand_.A.whatdoesChristmasmeanB.whatChristmasdoesmeanC.whatmeanChristmasdoesD.whatChristmasmeansII.按要求轉(zhuǎn)換句型。1.DoesMr.BrownenjoylivinginChina?Couldyoutellus?（改寫句子）Couldyoutellus_Mr.Brown_livinginChina?2."Doesthegirlneedanyhelp?”heaskedme.（變?yōu)閺?fù)合句） Heaskedme_thegirl_somehelp3.Jimisnotastudent.Tomisnotastudent,either.（合并為一個(gè)句子） _Jim_Tomisastudent.4.Whendoesthetrainleave?Iwanttoknow.（改為含賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句） Iwanttoknow_thetrain_.5.Theywenthomeaftertheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.(用notuntil改寫)They_gohome_theyhadfinishedtheirhomework6.DidPetercomehereyesterday?LiLeiwantstoknow.(改為含賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句) LiLeiwantstoknow_Peter_hereyesterday.賓語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練參考答案：I.15DDDCD610ADDBDII.1.ifwhether;enjoys2.ifwhether;needed3.Neither;nor4.when;leaves5.didnt;until6.whether;came四，形容詞和副詞比較等級(jí)： 21.InChinafamiliesarebecoming_with_children.A,small,fewB,smaller,fewerC,smallest,fewestD,smaller,less22.Whydoesshelookso_?Didshehailintheexamagain?A,interestedB,excitingC,unhappyD,surprised23.Thebosstriedtofinishtheworkwith_moneyand_people.A,less,fewerB,fewer,fewC,few,less,D,little,less24.Mikewenttoschooltodaybecausehefelt_.A,enoughwellB,goodenoughC,enoughgoodD,wellenough25.ImsorryImlate.Thereis_withmybike.A,anythingwrongB,somethingwrongC,wronganythingD,wrongsomething26.WhatsthematterwithTom?Helooks_.A,unhappyB,hungrilyC,sadlyD,happily27.NowMr.Browndrivesmuch_thanhedidtwoyearsago.A,carefulB,carefullyC,morecarefulD,morecarefully28.Isthere_intodaysnewspaper?A,somethingnewB,newsomethingC,anynewthingsD,anythingnew29.Whichis_,cotton,woodoriron?A,heavierB,heaviestC,theheaviestD,themostheaviest30.Inmyopinion,TimdoesntwriteEnglish_hissister.A,asclearasB,soclearasC,moreclearlyasD,asclearlyas31.A:Isthere_intodaysnewspaper? B:Yes.A,anythingimportantB,anyimportantthingC,importantanythingD,anythingsimportant32.Hespoke_foreveryoneintheclasstohear.A,enoughloudB,loudenoughC,louderenoughD,enoughlouder33.Yourideasoundsmuch_thanhis.A,interestingB,interestedC,moreinterestingD,moreinterested34.Shipscomeandgoontheriver_boats.A,asnoisyasB,noisierthanC,asnoisilyasD,muchnoisilythan35.Thetraintravelsattopspeed.Theunderlinedpartmeans_.A,thebestB,thetallestC,thefastestD,thefarthest詞性變換：1.ImafraidthatIcantafford(負(fù)擔(dān))suchan_cellphone.(expense) 2.Dogscanhelpblindpeoplewalkacrossthestreet_.(safe)3.Pleasereadthetestpaper_beforeyoudoit.(careful)4.Thereare_than200passengersonhisplane.(much)5.Hereisa_presentforyourbirthday.(love)6.Heisnotas_tousashissister.(friend)7.You_helpedmealot.Thankyouverymuchindeed.(real)8.Thelittlegirlwasso_whenshesawthetrafficaccident.(frighten)形容詞、副詞參考答案21-30BCADBADDCD31-35ABCCC 詞性變換：1.expensive2.safely3.carefully4.more5.lovely6.friendly7.really8.frightened五，動(dòng)詞不定式基本形式：to+動(dòng)詞原形（肯定形式）Notto+動(dòng)詞原形（否定形式）特征：沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。常用句型：Its+adj(+forsb）+todosth.Too+adj+todosth.動(dòng)詞不定式可以跟疑問(wèn)詞連用。例如.Idontknowwhattodohowtodoit.1.Whatdoyouwant_(be)whenyougrowup?2.Thepoliceofficertoldtheboys_(notplay)soccerontheroad.3.Tonyaskedhisgrandpa_(give)himatoycarforhisbirthday.4.Hedecided_(make)decisionsbyhimselffromnowon.5.Theworkersplan_(build)thebridgeintwoyears.6.Iamreallysorry_(hear)that.7.Wouldyoulikesomething_(drink)?8.Hisbrothertaughthim_(play)basketball.9.LiYangadvisedme_（notdrink）toomuch.10.Youneed_(see)adoctorwhenyouhaveheadachesoften.六，常用的表達(dá)方式1，關(guān)于花費(fèi)：Sth.costsb.+錢Sb.spend+時(shí)錢in、onsth.doingsth.Ittakesb時(shí)todosth.Sb.pay錢forsth.1. Iminterestedinanimals,soI_everysaturdayworkinginananimalhospital.A.PayB.costC.takeD.spend2.Theyspendtoomuchtime_thereport.A.writingB.towriteC.onwritingD.write3.-Whatbeautifulshoesyourewearing!Theymustbeexpensive-No，theyonly_l0yuan.AspentBtookCpaidDcost4.-WillyoupleaseformydinnerPeter?-Sure!A.spendB.payC.costD.take5.Itwill_metoomuchtimetoreadthisbook.A.takeB.costC.spendD.pay6.Thissciencebook_meagreatamountofmoney.A.tookB.costCusedD.spent7.-Doyouoftengetonline?-Yes,I_lotsoftimeonit.Itsagoodwaytokilltime.A.costB.spendC.takeD.pay2，特殊疑問(wèn)詞+不定式。（whattodohowtodoit）3，表示方位的介詞區(qū)別Inthe+方位名詞+of指某一范圍內(nèi)的地區(qū)。（中國(guó)，北京）tothe+方位名詞+of指互不接壤互不管轄的地區(qū)。（中國(guó)，日本）onthe+方位名詞+of相互接壤但互不管轄的地區(qū)。（中國(guó)，尼泊爾） ()1TheUnitedStatesis_thesouthofCanadaand_theeastofJapan.A.to;inB.on;toC.in;besideD.at;on()2Themanstood_thewindow,watchingtheboysplayingoutside.A.inB.byC. to()3Japanlies_theeastofChina.A.onB/toC.inD.with4，目的狀語(yǔ)從句。(同結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句)Sothat引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句。So+adj./adv.+that、so+adj.+an/a+名詞單數(shù)+that如此以至于用于引導(dǎo)主句導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。Such+n.+that.從句。同樣表示如此以至于。不同：so后面接形容詞或副詞，such后面接名詞。Sothat.引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，表示因此、所以。1她是如此的疲憊，以致于很快就睡著了。 Shewas_she_quickly.2.這是一本非常有趣的小說(shuō)，以致于我讀了三遍。 Itwas_novelthatreaditthreetimes.3.他跑得非?？?，沒人能追上他。Heruns_nobodycancatchupwithhim.4.瑪麗有如此多的工作要做，以致于她整天呆在辦公室。 Maryhad_todothatshestayedatherofficeallday.5. Popmusicissuchanimportantpartofsociety_ithaseveninfluencedourlanguage.A.asB.thatC.whichD.where6.Hisplanwassuchagoodone_weallagreedtoacceptit.A.asB.thatC.soD.and7.Thebookwaswrittenin_easyEnglish_evenstudentscouldunderstandit.A.so;thatB.such;thatC.too;toD.very;that8.ZhouLiboisgoodatmakingpeoplelaugh.Hislivelyshowswere_hotthatticketssoldoutinminutes. A.veryB.tooC.suchD.so9.-Youstudy_hard_youresuretopasstheexam.-Thankyouforsayingso.A.enough;toB.as;asC.so;that7