第25練 文學(xué)藝術(shù)類（一）單詞識(shí)記：describeclassic chapter commentdescription essay gallery heroopera original painting poemsymbol theme adapt comedyfiction inspiration literary poetry短語(yǔ)掃描：describe sb./sth.as描述某人/物是out of work失業(yè)comment on/upon對(duì)作出評(píng)價(jià)beyond description難以描述on the scene 在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)；當(dāng)場(chǎng)be adapted for sth.被改編成某物criticize sb./sth.for因批評(píng)come alive變得有趣；生動(dòng)起來(lái)stand for代表；象征on exhibition在展出 跟蹤訓(xùn)練.語(yǔ)境填詞1Its really beyond _(描述)2I lay the _(paint) flat to stop the wet paint running.3She says those _(主題) have special appeal for her.4His _(inspire) to fly came even before he joined the Army.5The _(originally) price of the car was a bit too high.單項(xiàng)填空6Now Ive been out of _ work for weeks.Ive joined the ranks of _ unemployed.Athe；/ Bthe；theC/；the D/；an7She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful _ in last years election.Asymbol Bportrait Cidentity Dstatue8He handed me the document without _.Arecommendation BcommentChelp Dability 9The committee still keeps silent about the investigation，so no one knows what they _.Acall for Ballow forCaccount for Dstand for10According to Darwins “Survival of the Fittest”， only those species that were able to _ the sudden great changes of their living conditions could survive.Aappeal to Brelate toCadapt to Dcontribute to.完形填空(2016·南京調(diào)研)The Beginning of DramaThere are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece.The one most widely accepted today is based on the _1_ that drama evolved from ritual(宗教儀式)The argument for this view goes as follows.In the beginning，human beings _2_ the natural forces of the worldeven the seasonal changesas unpredictable，and they sought through various means to _3_ these unknown and feared powers.Those measures which appeared to _4_ the desired results were then kept and repeated until they changed into _5_ rituals._6_ stories arose which explained or masked the mysteries of the rituals.As times passed，some rituals were _7_，but the stories，later called myths，continued to exist and provided material for art and drama.Those who believed that drama evolved out of ritual also argued that those rituals contained the _8_ of theatre because music，dance，masks，and _9_ were almost always used._10_，a suitable site had to be provided for performances and _11_ the entire community did not participate，a(n) _12_ division was usually made between the “area of acting” and the “area in which an audience sits”Besides，there were performers，and，since considerable importance was _13_ to avoiding mistakes in the practice of rituals，religious leaders usually _14_ that task.Wearing masks and costumes，they often imitated(模仿) other people，animals，or supernatural beings，and mimed(用啞劇表演) the _15_ effectsuccess in hunt or battle，the coming rain，the revival of the Sun_16_ an actor might.Eventually such dramatic representatives were separated from _17_ activities.Another theory traces the theaters origin from the human interest in _18_.According to this view，tales about the hunt，war or other things are told and gradually spread，_19_ through the use of action and dialogue by a narrator and then through the assumption of each of the roles by a different person.A closely related theory traces theater to those dances that are primarily gymnastic or that are _20_ of animal movements and sounds.1A.background BassumptionCevidence Dtheory2A.viewed BemployedCimagined Ddismissed3A.take BpossessCguarantee Dcontrol4A.start BshowCbring Dcontinue5A.usual BdirectCconvincing Dfixed6A.Apparently BActuallyCEventually DNaturally7A.spread BabandonedCfollowed Dcelebrated8A.seed BcontentCmyth Dhistory9A.costumes BroutinesCinstructions Dperformances10A.As a result BIn factCOn the contrary DIn addition11A.when BalthoughCunless Dwhile12A.deep BequalCclear Dextra13A.attached BrelatedCcommitted Dtied14A.put up Btook upCtook on Dput on15A.unexpected BunpredictedCprepared Ddesired16A.whenever BasCwhatever Dso17A.social BpoliticalCeconomic Dreligious18A.accounts Bstory­tellingCdescriptions Ddrama­writing19A.at that time Bat a timeCat first Dat once20A.imitations BcreaturesCpresentations Dexhibitions.閱讀理解(2017·河南洛陽(yáng)一中月考)Are traditional fairytales good all the time？Recent research found one in five parents have abandoned those old classics such as Snow White and the Seven Dwarves and Hansel and Gretel and theyre in favor of more modern books.One third of parents said their children have been left in tears after hearing the terrible details of Little Red Riding Hood.The survey of 2,000 adults was carried out to mark the launch of the hit US drama GRIMM，which starts tonight at 9：00 pm on Watch，and sees six series based on traditional fairytales.The research found a quarter of parents wouldnt consider reading a fairytale to their child until they had reached the age of five，as they cause too many awkward questions.And 52 percent of the parents said Cinderella didnt send a good message to their children as it portrays(描繪) a young woman doing housework all day.Similarly，Goldilocks and the Three Bears was also a tale likely to be left on the book shelf as parents felt it condones(寬恕) stealing.Steve Hornsey，General Manager of Watch，said：“Bedtime stories are supposed to relax the children and send them off to sleep soundly.But as we see in GRIMM，fairytales can be dark and dramatic tales so its understandable that parents worry about reading them to young children.As adults we can see the innocence in fairytales，but a five­year­old with an over active imagination could think they are true.Despite the dark nature of classic fairytales，as we see in GRIMM，good will defeat evil and there is always a moral to the story.”Though half of parents said traditional tales are more likely to have a strong moral message than a lot of modern kids books，two thirds of mums and dads said they were no longer appropriate to soothe youngsters before bed.On the contrary，they might give their children nightmares.21Why arent some traditional fairytales read by parents to children?AThey are forbidden to read according to the rules.BThey are difficult for their children to understand.CThey are too scary for their young children to hear.DThey dont have any strong moral messages in them.22Which of the traditional fairytales tells one can get away with stealing?ASnow White and the Seven Dwarves.BLittle Red Riding Hood.CGoldilocks and the Three Bears.DHansel and Gretel.23Whats the authors attitude towards traditional fairytales?AObjective. BSupporting.CDisapproving. DDoubtful.24The underlined word “soothe” in the last paragraph means “_”Asurprise BastonishCstress Dcomfort答案精析第25練文學(xué)藝術(shù)類(一)高考高頻單詞與短語(yǔ)識(shí)記排查跟蹤訓(xùn)練.1.description2.painting3.themes4.inspiration5.original.6.C句意為：現(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)失業(yè)好幾個(gè)星期了，我已經(jīng)加入了失業(yè)的行列。out of work失業(yè)，是固定搭配；“the形容詞化的過(guò)去分詞”表示一類人。7A考查名詞詞義辨析。句意為：她兩年前被軟禁，但是在去年的選舉中仍然是勢(shì)力強(qiáng)大的代表人物。symbol象征，代表；portrait肖像；identity身份；statue雕像，塑像。根據(jù)句意選A項(xiàng)。8B句意為：他未作任何解釋就把文件給了我。comment解釋，評(píng)論，符合題意。9D句意為：委員會(huì)對(duì)這次調(diào)查仍保持沉默，因此沒(méi)有人知道他們的主張。call for需要，要求；allow for考慮到；account for解釋，是的原因；stand for主張，支持。10C考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：按照達(dá)爾文的“適者生存”理論，只有那些能夠適應(yīng)生活環(huán)境突然巨變的物種才能夠生存下來(lái)。這里用adapt to表示“適應(yīng)”，故選C。知識(shí)運(yùn)用與閱讀能力專練.語(yǔ)篇解讀 關(guān)于古希臘戲劇的起源存在著多種理論，其中一個(gè)最普遍的為人接受的理論假設(shè)認(rèn)為戲劇從宗教儀式演化而來(lái)，另一個(gè)追溯戲劇起源的理論則認(rèn)為戲劇來(lái)自于人們對(duì)敘述故事的興趣，而另一個(gè)與之緊密相關(guān)的理論將戲劇的起源追溯至舞蹈。1B根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“Those who believed that drama evolved out of ritual.”可知，其中一個(gè)最普遍的為人接受的理論假設(shè)認(rèn)為戲劇從儀式演化而來(lái)。assumption假設(shè)，假定，符合語(yǔ)境。background出生背景，經(jīng)歷，背景；evidence證據(jù)，根據(jù)，證明；theory學(xué)說(shuō)，理論，原理。2A一開始，人類把世界上的自然力量，甚至季節(jié)的變化都看成是不可預(yù)料的。view sb./sth.as sth.為固定搭配，意為“把看作，把視為”。view思考，看待，符合語(yǔ)境。employ雇傭，使用；imagine想象，設(shè)想；dismiss摒棄，不予考慮。3D他們?cè)噲D通過(guò)各種方式去控制這些未知的、令人恐懼的力量。control控制，支配，符合語(yǔ)境。take拿走，攜帶；possess擁有，占有；guarantee保證，擔(dān)保。4C那些似乎帶來(lái)了滿意結(jié)果的手段就被保留下來(lái)并且重復(fù)使用。bring帶來(lái)，引起，符合語(yǔ)境。start開始，開動(dòng)；show表明，證明；continue繼續(xù)，持續(xù)。5D直到這些手段變成了固定的儀式。fixed固定的，不變的，確定的，符合語(yǔ)境。usual通常的，慣常的；direct直接的，恰好的；convincing有說(shuō)服力的，令人信服的。6C最后產(chǎn)生了能夠解釋或者掩蓋這些儀式神秘性的故事。eventually最終，最后，符合語(yǔ)境。apparently表面上，顯然，顯而易見(jiàn)地；actually事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上；naturally自然地，天生地。7B根據(jù)下文的continued to exist可知，隨著時(shí)間的推移，一些儀式被廢棄(abandon)了，但這些后來(lái)被稱作神話的故事卻流傳下來(lái)并且為藝術(shù)和戲劇提供了素材。spread展開，攤開；follow跟隨，緊接著；celebrate慶祝，慶賀。8A那些認(rèn)為戲劇從儀式演化而來(lái)的人們還認(rèn)為這些儀式是戲劇的萌芽(seed)。content內(nèi)容，目錄；myth神話，神話故事；history歷史，歷史學(xué)。9A根據(jù)該段第四句中的“Wearing masks and costumes”可推斷出這里填costumes。costume服裝，戲裝；routine常規(guī)，慣例；instruction命令，吩咐；performance表現(xiàn)，表演。10Din addition而且，此外。而且必須為演出提供一個(gè)合適的地點(diǎn)。as a result結(jié)果，因此；in fact事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上；on the contrary與此相反，恰恰相反。11A當(dāng)整個(gè)社區(qū)不共同參加演出時(shí)。when當(dāng)時(shí)候；although盡管，雖然；unless除非，如果不；while當(dāng)時(shí)候，表示某一段時(shí)間，不符合語(yǔ)境。12C通常在“演出區(qū)”和“觀眾席”之間劃分出明顯的分界。clear明顯的，清楚的，符合句意。deep深的，深刻的；equal相等的，平等的；extra額外的，附加的。13A因?yàn)樵谂e行儀式中避免錯(cuò)誤是相當(dāng)重要的。attach importance to sth.為固定搭配，意為“認(rèn)為重要”。relate涉及，與有關(guān)；commit犯罪，做錯(cuò)事；tie系，捆綁。14C另外，儀式中還有演員，因?yàn)樵谂e行儀式中避免錯(cuò)誤相當(dāng)重要，所以宗教領(lǐng)袖通常承擔(dān)演出任務(wù)。take on承擔(dān)，呈現(xiàn)，雇傭，符合句意。put up建造，搭建；take up占用，占據(jù)，開始從事；put on穿上，戴上。15D他們用啞劇表演以達(dá)到所需要的效果。desired渴望的，想得到的，符合句意。unexpected意外的，出乎意料的；unpredicted不可預(yù)料的，無(wú)法預(yù)知的；prepared有準(zhǔn)備的，準(zhǔn)備好的。16B他們經(jīng)常帶著面具，穿著服裝像演員那樣扮演其他人、動(dòng)物或超自然的生靈，用動(dòng)作來(lái)表演以達(dá)到所需要的效果，比如打獵的成功或戰(zhàn)斗的勝利、將至的雨、太陽(yáng)的復(fù)活。as正如，像一樣，符合句意。whenever無(wú)論何時(shí)；whatever無(wú)論什么；so因此，所以。17D根據(jù)上文所提及的內(nèi)容可知，最后這些戲劇性的表演從宗教活動(dòng)中分離了出來(lái)。religious宗教的，符合句意。social社會(huì)的；political政治的；economic經(jīng)濟(jì)的。18B根據(jù)下文的“tales about the hunt，war or other things”可知，另一個(gè)追溯戲劇起源的理論認(rèn)為它來(lái)自人們對(duì)講故事的興趣。story­telling講故事，說(shuō)書，符合句意。account描述，敘述；description描述，敘述；drama­writing戲劇創(chuàng)作。19C根據(jù)下文的and then可知，故事首先通過(guò)一個(gè)講解人來(lái)運(yùn)用動(dòng)作和對(duì)話來(lái)講述，然后再通過(guò)不同的人扮演各自的角色。at first首先，最初，符合句意。at that time在那時(shí)；at a time一次，每次；at once立刻，馬上。20A考查名詞。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句中的“.they often imitated(模仿) other people，animals，or supernatural beings.”可知，另一個(gè)與之緊密相關(guān)的理論將戲劇的起源追溯至舞蹈，這些舞蹈主要是體操式的，或者是對(duì)動(dòng)物的動(dòng)作和聲音的模仿。imitation模仿，仿造，符合句意。creature生物，動(dòng)物；presentation提交，授予；exhibition展覽，展示。.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文講的是父母拋棄古老的經(jīng)典童話，轉(zhuǎn)而選擇現(xiàn)代童話故事，原因是古經(jīng)典童話已經(jīng)不適合現(xiàn)代的孩子。21C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段首句“One third of parents said their children have been left in tears after hearing the terrible details of Little Red Riding Hood.”可知，父母?jìng)冮_始摒棄傳統(tǒng)的童話故事，是因?yàn)樗鼈儗?duì)年幼的孩子來(lái)說(shuō)太嚇人。22C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Similarly，Goldilocks and the Three Bears was also a tale likely to be left on the book shelf as parents felt it condones(寬恕) stealing.”可知，選C。23A推理判斷題。作者只是客觀闡述了最新發(fā)現(xiàn)父母?jìng)冮_始摒棄傳統(tǒng)的童話故事，因?yàn)樗鼈儗?duì)年幼的孩子來(lái)說(shuō)太嚇人了，但并沒(méi)有表明自己的觀點(diǎn)，所以選A項(xiàng)。24D詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，父母?jìng)冋J(rèn)為盡管傳統(tǒng)的童話故事有很強(qiáng)的道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，但是不適合做孩子的睡前故事，可以讓孩子們?cè)谒鞍察o下來(lái)，它們會(huì)讓孩子做噩夢(mèng)。故選D項(xiàng)。