第五章識別相似表達(dá)點撥 英語中有些句式結(jié)構(gòu)形相似而實不相同，命題者經(jīng)常利用這一點來設(shè)計“陷阱”。此類題粗看起來非常類似某個熟悉的句式，極易造成學(xué)生思維錯覺。做此類題不能粗心大意，要注重語境，理解句意，強(qiáng)化對易混句的辨析，有意識地改變思維定勢。 訓(xùn)練得分：_1.My father asked me _ I was getting on well with my classmates.A.that B.if C.how D.whatMy father asked me _ I was getting on with my classmates.A.that B.if C.how D.what2.I have been informed of when we _ for London next year.A.will leave B.leave C.left D.have leftLet me know the news when you _ in London next week.A.will arrive B.arriveC.arrived D.have arrived3.She is such a good teacher _ all of us love and respect.A.that B.since C.as D.whoShe is such a good teacher _ all of us love and respect her.A.that B.since C.as D.who4.Ill go to Beijing on business tomorrow.Do you have anything _ to your son studying in Beijing University？A.to be taken B.to take C.taken D.being takenYoull go to Beijing on business tomorrow.Do you have anything _ to your son studying in Beijing University？A.to be taken B.to take C.taken D.being taken5.He is working in a factory.It _ a half year since he _ a college student.A.is；was B.has been；become C.is；became D.has been；becameHe is studying in college.It _ a half year since he _ a college student.A.is；was B.has been；become C.is；became D.has been；became6.I can still remember the very reading room _ we used to read in our younger days.A.what B.which C.that D.whereThis is the very room _ I slept in that evening.A.where B.which C.that D.who7.He got up early， _ to catch the train.A.to hope B.hoping C.hope D.hopedHe got up early _ the first train.A.to catch B.catching C.catch D.caught8._ nice， the food was sold out soon.A.Tasted B.Tasting C.To taste D.Being tasted_ carefully， the mixture was bitter.A.Tasted B.Tasting C.Taste D.To taste9.All the students _， the report began.A.were seated B.seated C.were sitting D.sat downAll the students _， and the report began.A.had seated B.seated C.were seating D.sat down10.Charles Babbage is generally considered _ the first computer.A.to invent B.to have invented C.inventing D.having inventedCharles Babbage always considered _ the first computer.A.to invent B.to have invented C.inventing D.had invented11.Strange enough， she found her wallet _ she lost it.A.where B.when C.in which D.thatStrange enough， she found her wallet in _ was once an old temple.A.where B.when C.what D.that12.It was July 1， 1997 _ saw the return of Hong Kong to the motherland.A.that B.when C.which D.in whichIt was on July 1， 1997 _ I saw the return of Hong Kong to the motherland.A.that B.when C.which D.in which13.The doctor， _ help the engineer managed to invent a new instrument， was praised.A.that B.with whose C.who D.whomThe doctor， _ helped the engineer invent a new instrument， was praised.A.that B.with whose C.who D.whom14.This book is very interesting.Where did you buy it？ I will buy the same book _ you have bought.A.which B.as C.that D.whatTo my surprise， I did find the same wallet _ I had lost the day before.A.which B.as C.that D.what15.The house neednt _.A.to clean B.cleaning C.be cleaned D.to be cleanedThe house doesn t need _.A.clean B.cleaning C.be cleaned D.cleaned16.It was a pity that the great scientist died _ his works unfinished.A.for B.with C.because D.ofIt was a pity that the great scientist died _ cancer.A.at B.with C.because D.of17.He was so angry _ me that he left without saying a word.A.about B.with C.to D.atHe was so angry _ what I had done that he left without saying a word.A.on B.with C.to D.at18.If you like art and enjoy looking at the pictures， _ is an interest.A.which B.that C.as D.whatYou like art and enjoy looking at the pictures， _ is an interest.A.which B.that C.as D.what19.Is this the first time that you _ here in Beijing？Yes.I think its time that I _ to the Great Wall.A.have been；am going B.have been；went C.are；go D.are；will goHe was giving a lecture the first time I _ him.A.meet B.met C.have met D.had met20.He was praised _ what he had done for the old man.A.that B.since C.because D.because ofHe was praised _ what he had done greatly benefited the people.A.that B.since C.because D.because of21.What made him struggle _ an artist so hard？That he was a man.A.becoming B.became C.to become D.becomeWhat made her _ a famous artist？Working very hard.A.becoming B.became C.to become D.become22.Yesterday I went to buy a computer.There were so many models for us _ in the shop that I was at a loss which to buy.A.to be chosen B.to choose from C.to choose D.for choosingYesterday I went to buy a computer.There were so many models that I didnt know which one _.A.to be chosen B.to choose from C.to choose D.for choosing23.What have we said _ her so unhappy？A.makes B.to make C.made D.had madeWhat we have said _ her so unhappy.A.makes B.to make C.made D.had made24.The pollution is getting worse and worse.We must stop pollution _ longer.A.living B.from living C.to live D.liveThe pollution is getting worse and worse.First of all， we must stop the air _.A.polluting B.being polluted C.to pollute D.pollute25.In order not to be found， Ill spend the night _ in my room.A.locking B.locked C.to lock D.lockIn order to pass the exam， Ill spend the night _ in my room.A.studying B.studied C.to study D.study【答案及解析】1.答案：BC：我爸問我“是否”與同學(xué)相處得好。故選B。：我爸問我與同學(xué)相處得“怎樣”。故選C。2.答案：AB中的when引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，由next year可知選A。中的when引導(dǎo)的是時間狀語從句，需用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。故選B。3.答案：CAsuch.as和such.that的區(qū)別是：前者的as引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，as在從句中須作主語、賓語、表語等；后者that引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語從句，that不作成分。中的love and respect后缺賓語，所以選C，中不缺成分，所以選A。4.答案：AB主語have sth.to be done表示該不定式的動作不是主語完成的，屬于這種情況；主語have sth.to do表示“主語do sth.”，屬于這種情況。5.答案：AC在It is段時間since.句型中，since從句的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性的，表示動作的終止；若since從句的謂語動詞是短暫性的，則表示動作的開始。：選A，譯為：他大學(xué)畢業(yè)半年了。：選C，譯為：他讀大學(xué)半年了。6.答案：DC：定語從句缺地點狀語，故選D。：定語從句中的介詞in后缺賓語，由于先行詞前有the very修飾，所以只用“that”。7.答案：BA：此處用現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨狀語，不選A的原因是，hope這個詞本身就有“目的”的意味，一般不用to hope表示目的，再者，前面有逗號一般也不用表示目的不定式。：不定式表示目的。8.答案：BA：由于nice是形容詞，可以確定taste是系動詞，系動詞一般不用被動，可以排除A、D。如果選C，則表示目的，顯然不對。故選B，現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語。：由于受副詞carefully修飾，此處的taste是行為動詞，與主語mixture是動賓關(guān)系，故選A。9.答案：BD：逗號后沒連詞，說明這是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，此空不可填謂語動詞。：and連接兩個并列句，seat是及物動詞，即可排除A、C。10.答案：BC中的consider“認(rèn)為”，此空需填不定式作主補(bǔ)，可排除C、D，由于“發(fā)明”的動作先于“認(rèn)為”，故用不定式的完成式。中的consider“考慮”，其后一般可跟動名詞而不跟不定式作賓語，所以選C。11.答案：AC：where引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句。：what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，what在賓語從句中又作主語。12.答案：AA：是定語從句，July 1， 1997是先行詞。：是一個強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)on July 1， 1997。13.答案：BC：with whose help表示“在醫(yī)生的幫助下”，whose作定語修飾help。：句中是非限制性定語從句，即可排除A，此空缺主語，故選C。14.答案：BCthe same.as表示“同類”；the same.that表示“同一”。15.答案：CB中的need 是情態(tài)動詞，后跟動詞原形，可排除A、B、D。中的need是行為動詞，所要填的動詞與主語存在動賓關(guān)系，可用動名詞的主動式或不定式的被動式，所以選B。注：C項前加to也正確。16.答案：BD：唯with可跟復(fù)合賓語。：die of是“因而死”。as和because都是連詞，故不可選。17.答案：BDbe angry with一般跟sb.；be angry at一般跟sth.。18.答案：BA：that is an interest是主句部分，that是指示代詞“那”的意思。：句中是非限制性定語從句，可排除B，此處沒有“正如”的含義，所以不選C。19.答案：BB：This/It is the frist time that.結(jié)構(gòu)中，that從句習(xí)慣上用現(xiàn)在完成時；Its time that.句型中，that從句用一般過去時或should動詞原形。所以選B。：the first time引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，由于從句和主句的動作同時發(fā)生，所以選B。20.答案：DC：because of是介詞，其后跟what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。：because是連詞，其后跟從句。21.答案：CD：struggle跟to do不跟doing作賓語，故選C。：使役動詞make后的賓補(bǔ)可以是do但一般不用doing或to do，排除A、C，選D。22.答案：BCchoose是“選中”之意，而choose from是“從中選擇”的意思，根據(jù)語境，選B，選C。23.答案：BC是特殊疑問句，不定式作結(jié)果狀語。中的What we have said是主語從句，此空需填謂語動詞，故選C。由主語從句的have said可知，不選D。24.答案：CB：不定式表目的。句意：要想長壽，我們必須阻止污染。：這是stop.(from)doing“阻止做”結(jié)構(gòu)，由于空氣是“被污染”的，所以排除A，故選B。25.答案：BA：I與lock是被動關(guān)系，故選B，過去分詞作伴隨狀語。句意：為了不被找到，我把自己整晚鎖在房間里。：考查spend some time (in)doing sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。