2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) BookI Unit21教學(xué)案 人教大綱版單元考查重點(diǎn)及熱點(diǎn)Unit 21單詞unfair customer avoid suitcase ahead manage fold vary crazy part firm handshake bow fist bend tap gently anger useless occur focus specific短語(yǔ)ahead of give sb. a hand get through tear down hold up make a face in order句型while句型結(jié)構(gòu)Unit 22單詞amusement souvenir attraction collection castle minority cartoon thrill educate conservation coastal divide section shuttle butterfly injury rocket helicopter carve achievement civilization prevent handbag twist darkness imagination designer endless短語(yǔ)cut off tell the truth take turns stare at a variety of句型“問(wèn)路及應(yīng)答”的交際用語(yǔ)講: v. 避免；防止；回避；避開(kāi)；躲避avoid可以跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)例：Fortunately,we were able to avoid an accident.我們幸而逃過(guò)了一場(chǎng)災(zāi)難。I tried to avoid meeting him because he always bored me.我盡量避免遇見(jiàn)他，因?yàn)樗偸鞘刮覅挓?。A single woman should avoid walking on dark streets at night.單身女子應(yīng)該避免夜間在黑暗的街道上走路。Ive been avoided getting down to work all day.我一整天都刻意不投入工作。鏈接提示 (1)avoidable adj. 可避免的 (2)avoidance n. 逃避；回避練：I crossed the street to _ meeting him,but he saw me and came running towards me.A.get B.avoid C.try D.stop提示:從下文可知，我不想見(jiàn)他。故選B。答案:B2.manage講： v. 經(jīng)營(yíng)；管理（同義詞:operate）；操縱；對(duì)付；設(shè)法做成；設(shè)法維持例：He is managing the business for his father.他在代他父親做生意。He couldnt manage his horse,and it threw him to the ground.他駕馭不了他的馬，馬把他摔在地上。He managed to organize a live concert.=He succeeded in organizing a live concert.他設(shè)法組織了一次現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的音樂(lè)會(huì)。I have to manage with 10 dollars till payday.我得用10塊錢(qián)支撐到發(fā)薪日。Can you manage another cake?你還能再吃個(gè)蛋糕嗎？鏈接提示 (1)manage to do sth.=succeed in doing sth.設(shè)法做成某事；try to do sth.表示盡力做某事，但不知道最終的結(jié)果；try doing sth.試圖做某事；attempt to do盡力做。 (2)management n. 經(jīng)營(yíng)；管理；處理操作 (3)manager n. 經(jīng)理練：(1)Would you like me to do it for you?No,thanks._.A.Im on my own B.Its my businessC.Its up to you D.I can manage myself提示:從 “No,thanks”可知，答話人謝絕了對(duì)方的幫助，因此用I can manage myself表示“我自己能應(yīng)付得了”。答案:D(2)I _ him to give up smoking,but failed.Let me try.A.persuaded B.managed to adviseC.tried to persuade D.suggested提示:從下文可以看出，沒(méi)有勸成。故選C。答案:C(3)I _ to send him a telegram to congratulate him on his marriage,but I _ it.A.hoped;hadnt managed B.has hoped;didnt manageC.hope;dont manage D.had hoped;didnt manage提示:表示“原希望做某事，實(shí)際上沒(méi)有做成”，用had hoped。答案:D3.occur講： vi. 發(fā)生；（念頭、想法等）想起；浮現(xiàn)；出現(xiàn)；存在例：It is said that the accident occurred at midnight.據(jù)說(shuō)那車(chē)禍?zhǔn)巧钜拱l(fā)生的。Three misprints occur on the first page.第一頁(yè)有三個(gè)地方印錯(cuò)。鏈接提示 (1)短語(yǔ)occur to sb.的意思為e into sb.s mind “想起；想到”。 An idea has occurred to me.我想到了一個(gè)主意。 也可以使用句型:It occurs to sb.that. It occurred to me that we should go there more often. 我想到我們應(yīng)該更經(jīng)常地到那里去。 (2)下列動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)都有“發(fā)生”的意思，并且都是不及物動(dòng)詞，不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):happen,take place,break out;e about。練：It suddenly _ to the detective that the millionaire was probably murdered by his own daughter.A.happened B.occurred C.thought D.took place提示:分析語(yǔ)境可以看出，此處應(yīng)該使用occur to sb.短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“突然想到”。此句中的it為形式主語(yǔ)，that從句為實(shí)際主語(yǔ)。答案:B短語(yǔ)1.get through講：該短語(yǔ)的義項(xiàng)有：接通（電話）；完成（工作）；通過(guò)（考試）；抵達(dá)例：The Bill didnt go through.該議案未被通過(guò)。Tom failed but his sister got through.湯姆考試不及格但他妹妹及格了。A smile can help us get through difficult situations.一個(gè)微笑可以使我們擺脫困境。I called all day yesterday,but I couldnt get through(to you).昨天我打了一天電話，但是都沒(méi)有辦法打通（聯(lián)絡(luò)到你）。He has got through all his money.他的錢(qián)都花光了。鏈接拓展 (1)get across 過(guò)（不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）；與溝通 The bridge fell down just after we got across(it). 我們剛過(guò)去橋，橋就塌了。 I just cant get across to him.我無(wú)法和他溝通。 (2)get along/on設(shè)法度過(guò)；相處（和with連用）；進(jìn)展（和with連用） Well get along without that much money somehow. 即使沒(méi)有那么多的錢(qián)，我們也能設(shè)法過(guò)日子。 How are you getting along with your new girlfriend? 你和新女友相處得如何？ How are you getting along with your work? 你的工作進(jìn)展得如何？ (3)get away (from)擺脫（某人）；逃離（某地）；離開(kāi)；脫身 Im afraid I cant get away from the meeting. 我恐怕難以從會(huì)議上脫身。 (4)get down 下來(lái) The kitten climbed the tree and couldnt get down. 那只小貓爬上樹(shù)但下不來(lái)。 (5)get down to 開(kāi)始做（to為介詞） He got down to business immediately he sat at the desk. 他一坐下就開(kāi)始工作。 (6)get around/about傳播；流傳；各處走動(dòng) She gets around with the help of a stick. 她拄著拐棍到處走動(dòng)。 News soon gets around that he has resigned. 他辭職的消息很快傳開(kāi)了。 (7)get back返回；回去；回家；找回 What time did you get back last night? 你昨晚什么時(shí)間回家的？ I never lend books you never get them back. 我的書(shū)從不外借 借出去的書(shū)就收不回來(lái)。 (8)get together聚會(huì)；聯(lián)歡 We must get together for a drink sometime. 我們什么時(shí)間得聚在一起喝一杯。練：(1)How can he _ without money for food during the journey?A.get together B.get along C.get back D.get down提示:句意為:旅行中沒(méi)有錢(qián)買(mǎi)吃的，他是怎么過(guò)的?答案:B(2)(xx云南統(tǒng)一檢測(cè)) Can you finish the reports today?Sure.Ive _ half of them already.A.got away from B.got down to C.got around D.got through提示:get through意為“到達(dá)；做完；通過(guò)”，get away from意為“逃離”，get down to意為“開(kāi)始認(rèn)真考慮”，get around意為“到處走動(dòng)，傳播出去，回避”。答案：D(3)(xx遼寧模擬) The final examination is ing up soon.Its time for us to _ our studies.A.get down to B.get out C.get back for D.get over提示:根據(jù)題意，應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)，get down to的意思是“開(kāi)始干；著手干”，其中的to為介詞。答案:A2.hold up講：該短語(yǔ)的義項(xiàng)有:舉起；拿起；舉出；阻塞；阻滯。例：I held up my hand to show that I had a question.我舉手表示有問(wèn)題。We were help up on our way to the airport in a traffic jam.我們?cè)谇巴鶛C(jī)場(chǎng)的路上因堵車(chē)而延誤了。鏈接拓展 (1)hold back縮回；制止；隱瞞 Hold your head back.把頭縮回去。 They must do something to hold back rushing fans. 他們必須想法擋住蜂擁而來(lái)的慕名者。 You must be holding something back from me. 你一定對(duì)我隱瞞著什么。 (2)hold off 使保持距離；拖延 She hates children and tries to hold them off. 她討厭小孩，總是設(shè)法遠(yuǎn)離他們。 Hold off for a minute.延緩一分鐘。 (3)hold on繼續(xù)；堅(jiān)持；不掛斷（電話）；固定 The storm held on all night.暴風(fēng)雨持續(xù)了一夜。 How much longer can we hold on?我們能再堅(jiān)持多久？ Hold on a minute.等一會(huì)兒（別掛斷）。 (4)hold on to 抓住；執(zhí)著于；固守 The little girl held on to the tail of his coat. 那小女孩抓住他外套的下擺。 (5)hold out伸出；維持 The lady held out her hand to him. 那女士向他伸出手。 Our food supplies wont hold out(=last) long. 我們的食品存量維持不了多久。 (6)catch/get/lay/seize/take hold of抓住 He was caught hold of by the arm. 他的手腕被抓住。練：(1)Can I speak to Shannon,please? _She is getting changed.A.Who are you? B.Hold on,please!C.Speaking. D.Are you John?提示:從句意看，本題考查打電話用語(yǔ)，應(yīng)該選B。答案:B(2)We thought of selling this old furniture；but weve decided to _ it.It might be valuable.A.hold on to B.keep up withC.turn to D.look after提示:句意為:我們?cè)瓉?lái)打算賣(mài)掉這個(gè)舊家具，但是我們已經(jīng)決定不賣(mài)了，它可能會(huì)有價(jià)值。從句意看，此空中應(yīng)填“留著(not sell)”的意思的詞，故用A項(xiàng)。hold on to表示“抓住，固守，不放棄”。答案:A(3)What a pity!I missed meeting my boss at the airport because my car was_in the traffic jam.A.broken up B.kept backC.held up D.kept up提示:從句意看應(yīng)該選C，hold up表示“阻滯”。答案:C3.as to講:該短語(yǔ)的義項(xiàng)有:至于；關(guān)于as to后面跟名詞，短語(yǔ)和從句。例：There are also differences as to how often we touch each other,how close we stand to someone we are talking to,and how we act when we meet or part.至于身體接觸的頻率、談話雙方站立的距離、見(jiàn)面和告別的動(dòng)作也有差別。As to money,he is indifferent.關(guān)于錢(qián)，他漠不關(guān)心。She was at a loss as to how to explain it.她全然不知道該如何說(shuō)明這件事。I enjoy going to the movies.But as to/as for the theater,I prefer staying at home.我喜歡看電影，但至于看戲，我寧愿留在家里。鏈接拓展 (1)as for sb./sth.就而論；至于 As for me,I have nothing to plain of. 至于我，我沒(méi)有什么可抱怨的。 (2)as from/as of(指起始時(shí)間或日期)自起 Our fax number is changing as from May 12. 我們的傳真號(hào)碼自5月12日起更改。 (3)as if/as though好像；仿佛練：Soccer is the most truly international team sport,but theres still some question _ whether it should be called a game or open warfare.A.due to B.in addition C.as to D.owing to提示:due to和owing to的意思是“由于”；in addition的意思是“除之外；此外”；as to的意思是“至于；關(guān)于”。依據(jù)句意，選C項(xiàng)。答案:C句型while句型結(jié)構(gòu)講：注意觀察下面教材原句:While there are many different interpretations of our body language,some gestures seem to be universal.盡管對(duì)于身勢(shì)語(yǔ)的解釋五花八門(mén)，但某些手勢(shì)似乎是全球通用的。Pressing ones palms together and resting ones head on the back of ones hand while closing the eyes as if sleeping means “Im tired.”雙手合十，把頭貼在手背上，同時(shí)閉上眼睛好像睡著的樣子，意思是“我累了”。例：While I admit his good points,I can see still his shortings.盡管我承認(rèn)他有優(yōu)點(diǎn)，我還是能看到他的缺點(diǎn)的。While I understand your viewpoint,I dont agree with you.雖然我了解你的見(jiàn)解，我還是不能同意你。I earn only 50 dollars a week,while he earns 80 dollars.我一星期只賺50美元，而他卻賺80美元。He took a bath while I was preparing dinner.我準(zhǔn)備晚餐的時(shí)候他在洗澡。He watched TV while eating.他邊吃東西邊看電視。鏈接提示 (1)while作連詞時(shí)，主要意思有:表示時(shí)間，意思是“在期間；當(dāng)時(shí)候；與同時(shí)”；表示轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比，意思是“然而；但”；多用于句首，表示讓步，意思是“雖然；盡管”。(2)while引導(dǎo)的從句與主句的主語(yǔ)相同，且while從句的動(dòng)詞為be時(shí)，while從句的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞有時(shí)被省略。練：(xx江蘇模擬) _ I accept that he is not perfect,I do actually like the person.A.While B.Since C.Before D.Unless提示:本題考查從屬連詞的用法。從題干內(nèi)容看，主句和從句之間存在讓步關(guān)系，而連詞while含有“雖然、雖則”之意，故選A項(xiàng)。答案:A辨析1.through,acrossacross(橫過(guò)、穿過(guò))著重指從一條線或一物體表面的一邊到另一邊。其含義與on有關(guān)。through(穿過(guò)，從通過(guò))著重指空間的一頭縱穿到另一頭。其含義與in有關(guān)。即時(shí)練習(xí):(1)A train is running _ the tunnel.(2)Dont run _ the street while the traffic light is red.(3)There is a shop _ the road.(4)I dont think he will live _ the night.答案:(1)through (2)across (3)across (4)through2.no one,none(1)no one用來(lái)指人，不能接of短語(yǔ)，當(dāng)它作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。(2)none不僅指人也可指物，其后常接of短語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成“none of+名詞/代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，當(dāng)名詞或代詞為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單復(fù)數(shù)均可。(3)回答how many引起的問(wèn)句用none;回答who引起的問(wèn)句用no one。即時(shí)練習(xí):(1) _ likes a person with bad manners.(2) _ of his friends came to help him.(3)Almost _ believes him.(4) _ of them has/have seen him.(5)Who entered the room?_.(6)How many students are there in the classroom?_.答案:(1)No one (2)None (3)no one (4)None (5)No one (6)None誘思:實(shí)例點(diǎn)撥【例1】 (xx浙江模擬) I couldnt _.The line was busy.A.go by B.go around C.get in D.get through提示:go by經(jīng)過(guò)；go around傳播；get in收割；get through接通，打通。從句意看應(yīng)該選D。答案:D【例2】 (xx山東模擬) What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has _?A.given out B.put out C.held up D.used up提示:本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的辨析。give out 用完，耗盡；put out 撲滅，把某物放在外邊，發(fā)布/出版等；hold up 阻礙或延誤某人/物，以武力/暴力威脅搶劫；use up 是最大的干擾項(xiàng)，使用use up時(shí)，人作主語(yǔ)，表示把某物用完(盡)，而本題中，要選的動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)是物oil,故答案只能選A。答案:A講評(píng):對(duì)于考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的題，除了要牢記動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的意義，還要注意各個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的不同用法?！纠?】 (xx湖南模擬) He suddenly saw Sue _ the room.He pushed his way _ the crowd of people to get to her.A.across;across B.over;throughC.over;into D.across;through提示:句意為:他突然看見(jiàn)Sue走到了房間那邊，他擠過(guò)人群向她走過(guò)去。across和 through分別表示從表面上和內(nèi)部穿過(guò)；over表從上面越過(guò)；into表進(jìn)入。由room可知，第一空用across；“穿過(guò)人群”則用through。故選D。答案:D講評(píng):準(zhǔn)確把握各個(gè)介詞的意思是做此類(lèi)題的關(guān)鍵。