2019-2020年高考英語一輪復習 基礎考點聚焦 Unit 4 Cyberspace 北師大版必修21.connect v聯(lián)系2.conveniently adv.方便地3.develop v.發(fā)展4.explore v.探索5.solve v. 解決6.simplify v.簡化7.equip v.裝備；配備8.concludev.總結(jié)9.create v.創(chuàng)造10.invent v.發(fā)明11.inspire v.鼓舞；啟示12.research n.研究13.accurate adj.精確的14.apply to適用于；運用15.meet ones needs滿足某人的需求16.break through突破17.owe sth.to sb. 把某事歸功于某人18.get a better understanding of 對有較好的理解19.take.seriously 重視20.pay off獲得回報1.To his satisfaction, most of the employees are in favor of his suggestion.讓他滿意的是，大多數(shù)雇員都支持他的建議。2.The club could help more people who were in need using this new technology. 使用新技術，這個俱樂部能夠幫到更多的需要幫助的人。3.Parents should try to have a talk with their children to learn what they are thinking about.父母應該盡量和孩子們談一談，了解他們的想法。(xx山東乳山一中高三模擬)假定你是李華，貴校在學生中征集意見，詢問學生是否贊成開設iPad課堂(iPad classrooms)。你支持開設iPad課堂；請給校長寫一封建議信，要點如下：1.資源豐富；2.促進交流；3.利于環(huán)保。Dear Headmaster，We have been asked about our opinions on opening iPad classrooms. I am in favor of this plan. To begin with, everyone learns differently. Students can be exposed to enough information using their iPads. Moreover, when connected to the Internet, students can interact with teachers and classmates about what they learn more conveniently. For the sake of environmental protection, opening iPad classrooms is a good way to save trees that we have been cutting down for paper. Most importantly, I believe students will develop their interests by enjoying a new way of learning.I hope you would take my ideas into consideration and we look forward to attending an iPad class. Yours sincerely，Li Hua1concept n概念2chart n.表格，圖表3gallery n.畫廊4artificial adj.人造的5virus n.病毒6crime n.犯罪；罪行7terrorist n.恐怖分子8nuclear adj.原子能的9network n.網(wǎng)絡10title n.標題；題目11flesh n.肉；肉體12exit vt.出；離開13dip vt.浸14millionaire n.百萬富翁15tourism n.觀光，游覽1likely adj.有可能的adv.(與most, very連用)可能2focus vi.集中注意3average adj.平均的 n.平均數(shù)4climate n.氣候5flood n.洪水，水災 vt. & vi.淹沒6affect vt.影響7rapidly adv.快，迅速地8. growth n.增長；生長9crash vt.(汽車、飛機等)撞毀；墜毀10project n.課題；方案；工程11fancy vt.(非正式)想要做；幻想12reject vt.拒絕，不接受13destination n.目的地14pack vt.收拾(行李)，打包15guide n.指南；導游，向?qū)?6view n.景色，風景1. reality n真實，現(xiàn)實 real adj.真的 really adv.真實地；實際上2attack n. & vt. 攻擊，進攻attacker n. 攻擊者3optimistic adj. 樂觀的optimism n. 樂觀；樂觀主義optimist n. 樂觀的人；樂天派4entertainment n. 娛樂；款待entertain vt. 使娛樂；款待5disappear vi. 消失 disappearance n. 消失appear vi. 出現(xiàn)(反義詞)appearance n. 出現(xiàn)；外貌6harm vt. & n. 傷害，損害harmful adj. 有傷害的harmless adj. 無害的7obvious adj. 明顯的，顯而易見的obviously adv. 明顯地8scientific adj. 科學的science n. 科學scientist n. 科學家9suggestion n. 建議，提議suggest vt.建議，提議10arrangement n. 安排arrange vt. 安排11settle vi. 定居settlement n. 定居地settler n. 移民者12regular adj. 定期的；規(guī)則的regularly adv. 定期地；規(guī)則地regulation n. 章程，規(guī)章制度13attractive adj. 吸引人的，有魅力的attraction n. 吸引力；具有吸引力的事物或人attract vt.吸引14. officially adv.正式地 official adj.官方的；正式的用所給詞的適當形式填空1The sufferers were all optimists and I was deeply affected by their optimism. And I began to learn to be optimistic，too.(optimistic)2The woman pays a regular visit to her doctor. The doctor examines her body regularly. While she is waiting, she often repeats the regulations on the wall.(regular)3What attracted him most was the attractive park. But he planned to visit another attraction in this area first.(attract)4Reading in the sun does harm to our eyes.That is，it is harmful to our eyes to read in the sun. However，the sunlight is harmless to the crops.(harm)5It is obvious that the boy doesnt like the singer. Obviously,_he is looking for another singer in the hall.(obvious)1make_up編造，構成2e_true(愿望、夢想等)實現(xiàn)3as_if好像，仿佛4hang_on(電話用語)別掛斷5get_in_touch取得聯(lián)系6be_up_to做，從事于7in_the_flesh本人親身8._as_well_as也，又9._be_known_as被認為是10._in_the_future將來11._take_action采取行動12._whats_more而且13._take_over接收，接管14._consist_of由組成15._cut_off切掉，切斷選用上面的短語填空The girl is good at 1.making_up interesting stories and her dream is to be a writer 2.in_the_future. She heard of a writer who 3.is_known_as one of the greatest writers in China.She decided to manage to 4.get_in_touch with him. 1Itisadj.that.句型，其中it作形式主語.“it is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.”【仿寫】很明顯，這部電影在中國獲得了很大的成功。It_is_clear_that the film was a great success in China.2. as if 意為“好像，似乎”，既可以引導表語從句，也可以引導狀語從句，從句常使用虛擬語氣Some experts see our future in virtual realitythe use of puters with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation.【仿寫】那個女人站在那里，好像是一座雕塑。The woman was standing there，as_if_she_were_a_statue3have sth.done使某事被做，讓別人做某事Do you have anything planned for Saturday and Sunday?【仿寫】我哥哥很忙，所以他讓人錄下來里約奧運會的開幕式典禮。My brother was busy, so he had the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games of Rio recorded4not only.but also.意為“不但而且”，用來連接兩個對等的句子成分We would not only be able to travel around the world，but also go to study in any world famous universities we wanted to.【仿寫】不但學生們有難題，老師們自己也有。There are problems not_only_with_the_students，but_also_with_the_teachers_themselves5動詞it形容詞to do sth.句型，it作形式賓語But I still find it hard to imagine.【仿寫】大多數(shù)家長認為和孩子的老師相處好很重要。Most of the parents think_it_important_to_get_on_well with their childrens teachers.will/be going to 表示將來的用法；虛擬語氣單句語法填空1I heard that Ann was injured just now. I will_go(go) to see her this afternoon.2If I saw(see) him tomorrow，I would invite him to e to attend my wedding.3If you had_taken(take) my advice，you wouldnt be crying over your future now.4I am_going_to_take(take) my driving test tomorrow and now I am a little worried.5Without the Internet，our life would_be(be) quite different nowadays. likelyadj.有可能的，有希望的 adv.(與most, very連用)可能；或許，很可能(xx全國卷甲語法填空)If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely to bring your work home.如果你在辦公室之外找到了喜歡做的事情，你就不太可能把工作帶回家去做。It is likely that.很有可能sb./sth.is likely to do sth.有可能做某事not likely(表示堅決不同意)絕不可能，絕對不會 It is likely that he will agree with the plan to advocate a lowcarbon lifestyle.他很有可能會同意這個提倡低碳生活的計劃。How about having a phone out here?在這里裝個電話怎么樣？Not likely!不可能！possible可能性相對小，作表語時，主語不能是人，常用句式為“It is possible for sb.to do sth.”或“It is possible that.”likely 表示某事很可能發(fā)生，與probable 意思相近，但主語可以是人也可以是物。常用于“It is likely that.或sb./sth.be likely to do.”句型中，但不能說“It is likely for sb.to do sth.”probable 帶有“很可能”的意味，語氣比possible強，作表語時不能用人或不定式作主語，常用句式為“It is probable that.”基礎練習選詞填空(likely/probable/possible)(1)It is possible for her to work out the maths problem in such a short time because she is very clever.(2)Which are you more likely to have with you at any given momentyour telephone or your wallet?(3)It is likely/probable/possible that they will e to attend the meeting.能力提升單句寫作(4)(xx全國卷)有很好的年計劃的學生更可能滿足并能完成選擇的課程。Students who take a wellplanned year out are_more_likely_to_be_satisfied_with,_and plete, their chosen course.(5)(xx北京高考)毫不奇怪，年輕人有可能會爆發(fā)，尤其是當有理由這樣做的時候。It is not surprising that young people are_likely_to_burst_out,_particularly when there are reasons to do so. focus vi.集中注意；(使)聚焦 n焦點，焦距，聚焦；(活動、興趣等的)中心，集中點(教材P4)In a book with lots of pictures and charts，I am likely to focus mainly on the written text.在一本有很多圖畫和圖表的書里，我很可能主要注意書面文字。(1)focus on.集中于focus ones attention/eyes/energy on.集中注意力/目光/精力于(2)the focus of attention/concern注意力/關注的焦點(3)be focused on集中在；集中注意力 (xx全國卷甲語法填空) Most of us are more focused on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.我們中的大多數(shù)人在早上的時候會比我們在一天中的晚些時候更加集中于我們的工作。Health and environmental problems have increasingly bee the focus of attention/concern.健康和環(huán)境問題日益成為人們關注的焦點?；A練習單句語法填空(1)With his attention focused(focus) on his homework，he forgot all about what I had told him.(2)Having_focused(focus) his attention on urgent problems，he hardly has time to play games with you.能力提升高考小作文(3)(福建高考書面表達)這表明當今社會的一個普遍現(xiàn)象： 孩子是家庭的中心， 承載著父母的希望。 It shows a mon phenomenon nowadays that children_are_the_focus_of_families,_shouldering the hope of their parents. affect vt.影響；(疾病等)侵襲(教材P8)Peter Taylor finds out how puters and the Internet are going to affect our lives.彼得泰勒發(fā)現(xiàn)了計算機和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)將如何影響我們的生活。(1)be affected by.被感動/感染；受的影響(2)effect n.影響have an effect/influence on對產(chǎn)生影響 (xx北京高考)Technological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life，mostly for the better.技術變革隨處可見，影響著生活的每個方面，主要是使生活變得更好。People present at the meeting were affected by his moving story.出席會議的人被他感人的故事深深打動?；A練習單句語法填空(1)She was_affected(affect) by her parents divorce last year.(2)Unfortunately, the heavy rain has a bad effect on the crops here.能力提升一句多譯聽眾被深深地打動了， 他們長時間熱烈地鼓掌。 (3)The audience were/was_deeply_affected,_and they warmly applauded for a long time.(4)Deeply_affected,_the audience warmly applauded for a long time.(用過去分詞作狀語)(5)The audience, deeply_affected,_warmly applauded for a long time.(用過去分詞作定語) harm vt.&n.傷害，損害(教材P8)someone who does terrible things to harm countries，governments and people某個做了惡劣的行徑危害國家、政府和人民的人(1)do/cause harm to對造成傷害There is no harm in doing sth.做某事無害(2)harmful adj.(尤指對健康或環(huán)境)有害的，導致?lián)p害的be harmful to.對有害(3)harmless adj.無害的be harmless to.對無害(xx上海高考語法填空)But like so many other things, it is only too much stress that does you harm.但是和很多其他事情一樣，只有太多的壓力才對你有害。If you want to solve the problem in this way，there is no harm in calling him.如果你想以這種方式來處理問題，你不妨給他打個電話?；A練習單句語法填空(1)Eating sweets occasionally doesnt do harm to children.(2)Most materials in this factory are harmful(harm) to us, so I have decided to quit.能力提升一句多譯眾所周知， 觀看暴力電視節(jié)目真的對孩子有害。 (3)As we know, watching violence on TV really harms_children(harm vt.)(4)As we know, watching violence on TV really does/causes_harm_to_children(harm n)(5)As we know, watching violence on TV is_really_harmful_to_children(harmful adj.) suggest vt.建議，提議；推薦；表明，暗示(教材P12)Tom，can you suggest any good books for my project?湯姆，你能推薦一些和我做的項目有關的好書嗎？(1)suggest (sb.s) doing sth.建議(某人)做某事suggest (that).(should) do建議(從句用虛擬語氣)It is suggested that.建議(that從句中用虛擬語氣)(2)suggestion n.建議，提議make/offer/give a suggestion提出建議 (xx全國卷甲短文改錯)Some classmates suggest we (should) go to places of interest nearby.一些同學建議去附近的景點看看。(xx天津高考單項填空)The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.因有太多的工作，經(jīng)理提出一個建議，我們應該配備個助手。suggest作“建議”講時，后接從句時要用虛擬語氣(suggestion后面的名詞性從句也要用虛擬語氣)。作“暗示，表明”講時，后接的從句不用虛擬語氣。(xx全國卷乙)Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing.然而，有證據(jù)表明有在增長的趨勢?；A練習單句改錯(1)New brain research suggests our brains should work differently when we face a nervous situation. 去掉should(2)The smile on her face suggested that she be very satisfied with what we had done. bewas能力提升高考小作文(3)(xx四川高考書面表達)為了掌握普通話， 我強烈建議你多與中國人練習， 只有通過練習你才能發(fā)現(xiàn)這種語言的美。To master Mandarin, I strongly suggest_you(should)_practice_with_Chinese people.Only through practice can you find the beauty of this language. settlevi.定居，安家；停留 vt.安排，解決，處理；決定；安放(經(jīng)典例句) The problem is not so easy as you think. It is far from being settled.這個問題不像你想得那么簡單，它還遠沒有解決。(1)settle to do sth.決定做某事settle down定居；平靜下來settle down to (doing) sth.開始認真對待某事；安下心來做某事settle in定居；習慣于；遷入(新居)settle on決定；選定(2)settler n.移居者settlement n.移民；和解，協(xié)議 It always takes the class a while to settle down at the beginning of the lesson.那個班在開始上課時總得過一會兒才能安靜下來。The pressure is now on the unions to reach a settlement.目前正對各工會施加壓力，要他們達成協(xié)議?；A練習單句語法填空(1)The settler(settle) hasnt settled in his new job so far.(2)Are you ever going to settle down and get married ?(3) The young people settled on that island for their wedding.(4) It is noisy here and I cant settle down to writing(write) my novel.(5) He got the flat as part of their divorce settlement(settle)能力提升句式升級(6)The problem had been settled, so they became very happy and relaxed.With_the_problem_settled，they became very happy and relaxed. (用with復合結(jié)構改寫) viewn景色；風景；視野；觀點；意見 vt.眺望；觀察；觀看；看作(教材P14)In the city，you can enjoy an amazing view from the Sky Tower，which is the citys tallest Tower.在這座城市里，你可以享受天空塔的令人驚嘆的風景，它是這座城市最高的塔。一詞多義寫出下列句中view的詞性及含義(1)(xx上海高考)Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.n.觀點，見解(2)He climbed up to the top of the church tower to get a better view of the entire city.n.景色，風景(3)(xx全國卷甲短文改錯)If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden our view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books. n視野(4)I got an opportunity to view the movie before it was released.vt._觀看(1)in ones view在某人看來e into view進入視野，看得見in view of sth.鑒于，考慮到，由于(2)view.as.把視為 (xx全國卷乙)Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a persons needs. 其他文化群體的人很重視沉默，把沉默看做是理解別人的需要所必需的事情。In my view，new styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style.在我看來，新的風格可以與舊風格完美共存?；A練習單句語法填空(1)The Internet is viewed by many as a revolutionary educational tool.(2)In view of the present situation, well have to change our original plan. (3)Foreign ministers of the two countries hold regular meetings，where they can exchange views(view) on international issues of both concern.(4)In my view, its not wise to spend much time playing with smart phones.能力提升單句寫作/句式升級(5)我們站在泰山的山頂上。We stand_on_the_top_of_Mount_Tai(6)我們可以清楚地看到整個城市的美景。We are able to have_a_good_view of the beautiful scenery of the whole city.(7)用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語連接(5)(6)：Standing_on_the_top_of_Mount_Tai,_we_are_able_to_have_a_good_view_of_the_beautiful_scenery_of_the_whole_city. average adj.平均的；普通的；正常的；平常的 n平均數(shù)；平均水平；一般水準 v計算出的平均數(shù)(xx天津高考單項填空)As the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.隨著人口平均年齡的增長， 越來越多的老人需要照顧。(1)an average of平均有(后跟數(shù)詞)(2)on (the) average平均起來above/below (the) average在平均水平以上/以下up to average達到平均數(shù)； 達到一般水準 Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200, 000, an average of 40, 000 per year.去年畢業(yè)時有駕照的學生數(shù)量已達到二十萬， 平均每年四萬。 (xx重慶高考單項填空)Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 above the average.去年是有史以來最暖和的一年， 全球溫度比平均值高出0.68攝氏度。 巧學活用單句語法填空(1)The economy has grown at a remarkable rate, averaging(average) almost 10 percent per annum.(2)(xx四川高考)The mon cold is a good example：women, on average, get fewer colds than men. e true實現(xiàn)，變成現(xiàn)實(教材P7)Which of the predictions in them have already e true?它們里面的哪些預言實現(xiàn)了呢？e loose/right變松/變好go bad/mad/wrong/hungry變質(zhì)/發(fā)瘋/出錯/挨餓 一般來說，e 與 go 作系動詞，都含“變?yōu)椤敝狻后的形容詞表語常指令說話人“感到滿意或開心”的結(jié)果，go 后的形容詞表語多表“令人不快或沮喪”的情況。Dont worry，and everything will e right.別擔心，一切都會變好的。There are some families going hungry in the world now.現(xiàn)在世界上有一些家庭正在挨餓。巧學活用句型轉(zhuǎn)換The girl is working hard to realize her dream.The_girl_is_working_hard_to_make_her_dream_e_true. get in touch (with)和取得聯(lián)系(xx北京高考單項填空)To make it easier to get in touch with us, youd better keep this card at hand. 為了更方便地聯(lián)系到我們，你最好隨身帶著這張卡片。keep/stay in touch with與保持聯(lián)系；了解，掌握lose touch with和失去聯(lián)系(be) out of touch with與沒有聯(lián)系be in touchwith同有聯(lián)系 He expressed the hope that we would keep/stay in touch with his firm.他表示希望我們與他的公司保持聯(lián)系。I have been in touch with him for ten years.我和他已經(jīng)保持了十年的聯(lián)系了?；A練習單句改錯(1)How long have you got in touch with Mr.Smith？gotbeen_(2)He lost in touch with his father when he was ten years old.去掉in能力提升單句寫作(3)It is not easy for us to get_in_touch_with(和取得聯(lián)系) each other，so we must keep_in_touch(保持聯(lián)系) from now on.(4)Having_been_out_of_touch(失去聯(lián)系) with his parents for two years，Jones returned home，safe and sound. hang on(hold on)(電話用語)別掛斷；抓緊不放；別放棄，堅持下去；稍等(經(jīng)典例句)The line is busy，would you like to hang on?電話線路忙，請別掛斷好嗎？一詞多義寫出下列句中hang on的含義(1)I think we should hang on and see the end of the game.堅持(2)We all hung on as the bus swung around a sharp bend.緊緊抓住(3)Hang on！Ill be back in a minute.稍等hang on to緊緊抓??；堅持下去；依靠hang out閑逛；常去(某處)hang up掛斷電話 (xx江蘇高考單項填空)It is often the case that anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.通常，對那些心存希望的人來說，一切皆有可能。They often hang out with bad people out of school after school.放學后，他們經(jīng)常與校外的壞人一起閑逛。我們學過的表示“掛斷電話/別掛斷電話”的短語還有：ring off 掛斷電話；hold the line別掛斷。巧學活用單句語法填空(1)He was so angry that he hung up before I could say a word.(2)If you hang on,_you will succeed in the end.(3)At the weekend I like to just hang out with my friends. (be) up to 做，忙于，從事于；多達，達到(數(shù)量/規(guī)格)；勝任；直到為止；取決于，由決定；是的責任(教材P11)What are you up to this weekend，John?約翰，這個周末你打算做什么？一詞多義寫出下列句中be up to 的含義(1)The children are very quiet.I wonder what they are up to.忙于(2)John was dismissed because he was not up to his work.勝任(3)Is their spoken English up to the panys standard？達到(4)“Shall we have red wine or white？” “Its up to you.” 由決定基礎練習單句語法填空(1)(xx上海高考語法填空)Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under, the better your performance will be.(2)To beautify our city, a large number of old houses along the street have been pulled down up to the present.能力提升句型轉(zhuǎn)換(3)The young girl is so green that she wont be equal to the job.The young girl is so green that she wont_be_up_to_the_job(4)I have never heard from her, so I dont know what she is busy doing.I have never heard from her, so I dont know what she is_up_to (教材P8).“it is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.”“很明顯，我們將會看到網(wǎng)上購物的大幅度增長?！眎t在句中作形式主語，代指后面that引導的主語從句。it作形式主語的常用句式：(1)It be形容詞(possible，strange，natural，important.)that從句。(2)It be過去分詞(said，thought，hoped，believed，supposed，reported.)that從句。(3)It不及物動詞(seem，occur，happen.)that 從句。(4)It be名詞短語(a pity，a fact，a wonder，an honour，no wonder.)that從句。 Its natural that teachers are strict with their students.老師對學生要求嚴格是很自然的事。It is reported that the player failed to win the first gold medal in Rio in xx.據(jù)報道這位運動員沒能贏得xx年里約奧運會的首金。巧學活用單句語法填空(1)It is important that everyone should learn to get along well with others in a new environment.(2)It is a pity that Jane and George cant make it to the party.(3)It is believed(believe) that it is the earliest and largest ancient papermaking workshop site ever found in China. (教材P8)Some experts see our future in virtual realitythe use of puters with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation.有些專家看到我們虛擬現(xiàn)實的未來運用計算機產(chǎn)生的聲音和視覺效果，使你感覺就好像生活在現(xiàn)實中一樣。(1)as if“好像，似乎”，引導表語從句，用于句型“It looks/seems as if.”中。它也可引導狀語從句。(2)當說話人所陳述的是不真實的或極小可能發(fā)生或存在的情況時，從句用虛擬語氣。與將來事實相反時，從句謂語用would/could/might 動詞原形；與現(xiàn)在事實相反時，從句謂語用過去時；與過去事實相反時，從句謂語用過去完成時。(xx上海高考語法填空)The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother.這些孩子們對她非常友好，甚至把她看作是他們自己的媽媽。I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.我還記得整個事件，就好像它發(fā)生在昨天一樣。如果as if 引導的從句中的主語和主句的主語相同，且含有be動詞，可省略主語和be動詞，這樣as if 后只剩下名詞、不定式、形容詞(短語)、介詞短語或分詞。She walked here and there on the playground as if looking for something.她在操場上來回走，好像在找什么東西。巧學活用單句語法填空(1)(xx江蘇高考) More generally, the Internet functions as if it were(be) my memory.(2)The patient opened his mouth as if to_say(say) something.(3)The man talks about Hong Kong as if he had_been(be) there before.(教材P12)But I still find it hard to imagine.但我還是覺得難以想象。(1)該句型為：動詞it補語不定式。it作形式賓語，指代