專題限時(shí)集訓(xùn)(十一)詞義猜測(cè)之代詞指代A (2020·泰安市模擬)A company called Compass Pools has some good news for height and swimming enthusiasts.Recently，the company announced their novel designa first of its kind 360­degree pool which is set to be placed on a skyscraper in London.The Infinity London will be the first and only building in the world to include this cutting­edge pool design.The pool will be laid on top of a 55­story skyscraper and will allow people to float over 200 meters above the London skyline with unobstructed(沒有障礙的) views of the city.The entrance to the pool is hidden.People began to raise questions about how anyone would get inside the pool.Compass Pools explains：“Swimmers will access the pool through a rotating spiral(螺旋形的) staircase based on the door of a submarine，rising from the pool floor when someone wants to get in or out.”But that is not the only unique technology of the pool.The designers found a way to make sure the wind doesn't blow the water down to the streets.They included a built­in anemometer(風(fēng)力計(jì)) to monitor the wind speed.It is linked to a computer­controlled building management system which will also take care of the temperature of the water.Alex Kemsley promises that this unique pool will surpass everyone's expectations.“It's quite a strange feeling to swim in the SkyPool at The Shard and have helicopters flying past at your level but this pool takes it a step further，”he says.“Putting your goggles(游泳鏡) on and with a 360­degree view of London from 220m up，it really will be something elsebut it's definitely not one for the acrophobic(恐高的)！”While the exact date of the construction is not clear yet，if things go well，it may begin in 2022.The location has yet to be confirmed too.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇科普類說(shuō)明文。一家名為Compass Pools的公司為喜歡高處的人和游泳愛好者帶來(lái)了好消息。最近，該公司宣布了他們的新設(shè)計(jì)：一個(gè)將被安置在倫敦的摩天大樓樓頂?shù)?60度游泳池。1What can we learn from the first paragraph?AThe Infinity London is the only building to swim in.BSwimmers can enjoy the views of London in the pool.CThe pool is located on the first floor of a skyscraper.DCompass Pools has built many 360­degree pools in the world.B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“The pool will be laid on top of a 55­story skyscraper and will allow people to float over 200 meters above the London skyline with unobstructed(沒有障礙的) views of the city”可知，游泳的人可以在游泳池里欣賞倫敦的景色。2What does the underlined word“that” in Paragraph 3 refer to?AHow to get a view of London.BHow to monitor the wind speed.CHow to get into or out of the pool.DHow to keep the water in the pool.C考查代詞指代。根據(jù)與表語(yǔ)“the only unique technology of the pool”的搭配一致原則可知，that指代的是前面的“Swimmers will access the pool through a rotating spiral(螺旋形的)staircase based on the door of a submarine，rising from the pool floor when someone wants to get in or out”，故C項(xiàng)是最佳答案。3Who might not be suitable to swim in the SkyPool?APeople who enjoy flying.BPeople who lose weight.CPeople who fear heights.DPeople who have poor sight.C考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中的“Putting your goggles(游泳鏡) on and with a 360­degree view of London from 220m up，it really will be something elsebut it's definitely not one for the acrophobic(恐高的)”可知，恐高的人不適合在這樣的游泳池里面游泳。4What can we know about the SkyPool at The Shard?AIt is not certain when people can swim in it.BThe exact location of the construction is clear.CSwimmers can expect its designs easily.DIt's impossible to monitor the temperature of the water.A考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章最后一段“While the exact date of the construction is not clear yet，if things go well，it may begin in 2022.The location has yet to be confirmed too”可知，人們什么時(shí)候可以在里面游泳還不確定。BWhen I was a kid，I was the girl who kept the training wheels on my bike as long as possible.Even my younger sister had got rid of them much earlier than me.But as I began to grow older，this changed.All this happened on the Bike Safety Day.It is supposed to be a fun day at school when all of us kids bring our bikes to school and the school provides us with the opportunity to ride outside and learn proper bike safety.Sounds like fun，right？No.In fact，it caused me to panic.What was I going to say when my friends asked me about my training wheels?With the pressure of everyone seeing my training wheels，I determined to let them go.This was the first big change I'd ever made on my own.I went to my parents and told them all about my dilemma.They were more than happy to help.We went outside and got my bike.Instead of running away and hiding behind，I stood in front of my bike and took great pride in my decision as my dad removed the training wheels.I got on and steadied myself.My heart raced but my feet and hands were calm.My dad started to push before my feet even moved and suddenly I was off.The fear faded away and a relaxed mind came into its place.It was crazy to think how quickly I learned something that took so long for me to even try!My confidence soared(高漲)This was going to be the start of a brand new world for me.My accomplishment would carry me forth to new goals and wins.I realized that if I set my mind on doing something，I could achieve it.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文講述了作者小時(shí)候遲遲不敢去掉自行車的穩(wěn)定輪，在學(xué)?！白孕熊嚢踩铡眮?lái)臨之前因?yàn)楹ε峦瑢W(xué)看見她的穩(wěn)定輪而最終下決心去掉它們。 5What does the school expect the students to do on Bike Safety Day?AHave their bikes checked.BRide outside for fun.CAcquire bike safety skills.DRemove the training wheels.C考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“the school provides us with the opportunity to ride outside and learn proper bike safety”可知，學(xué)校想讓學(xué)生在“自行車安全日”學(xué)會(huì)一些自行車安全技能，故選C項(xiàng)。6What does the underlined word“them” in Paragraph 3 refer to?AThe author's friends.BThe author's parents.CThe safety problems.DThe training wheels.D考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及畫線詞所在句的前半部分“With the pressure of everyone seeing my training wheels”可知，作者迫于害怕別人看見自己的自行車穩(wěn)定輪的壓力才決心去掉它們，故畫線詞指的就是“穩(wěn)定輪”，故選D項(xiàng)。7What happened when the author finally rode without the training wheels?AShe felt extremely embarrassed.BEverything turned out to be easy.CShe ended up falling down.DHer sisters followed her example.B考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句可知，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間不敢嘗試的東西，作者竟學(xué)得很快，由此可推知只要努力嘗試，就沒有解決不了的難事，故選B項(xiàng)。8What does the author think is necessary for her to achieve a goal?APatience.BDetermination.CPressure.DConcentration.B考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，作者意識(shí)到如果自己下定決心做一件事的話，自己就會(huì)做到。由此可推知，作者認(rèn)為對(duì)于她來(lái)說(shuō)實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)目標(biāo)的關(guān)鍵在于決心，故選B項(xiàng)。C (2019·洛陽(yáng)市統(tǒng)一考試)There is more of a connection between food and culture than you may think.On an individual level，we grow up eating the food of our culture.It becomes a part of who we are.Many associate food from our childhood with warm feelings and good memories and it ties us to our families，holding a special and personal value for us.Food from our family often becomes the comfort food we seek as adults in times of frustration and stress.On a large scale，traditional food is an important part of culture.It also operates as an expression of culture identity.Immigrants bring it wherever they go，and it is a symbol of pride for their culture and means of coping with homesickness.Many immigrants open their own restaurants and serve traditional dishes.However，the food does not remain exactly the same.Some materials needed to make traditional dishes may not be readily available，so the taste and flavor can be different from what they would prepare in their home countries.Additionally，immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them，but to people from different countries.Therefore，they have to make small changes about the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers.Those changes can create new flavors that still keep the cultural significance of the dishes.We should embrace our heritage(傳統(tǒng)) through our culture's food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food.It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs，and is special to those who prepare it.Food is a window into culture，and it should be treated as such.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。主要探討了食物和文化之間的聯(lián)系。9What's the function of food mentioned in the text?ATo help motivate homesickness.BTo show national identity.CTo reflect a country's history.DTo show a community's superiority.B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容，尤其是第二、三句，再根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容，尤其是第二句可知，文章中提到的食物的作用是顯示國(guó)家身份。10What does the underlined “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AThe specific traditional food.BThe national culture.CA traditional expression of food.DThe old­fashioned taste.A考查詞義猜測(cè)。通讀第二段可知，傳統(tǒng)食物是文化的一個(gè)重要部分，它顯示了文化身份，移民不管去哪里都帶著它，它象征著對(duì)自己文化的驕傲，也是處理鄉(xiāng)愁的方法。由此可推知，it指代傳統(tǒng)食物。11Why do some immigrants have to change the original dishes in their restaurant?ATo attach cultural importance to their dishes.BTo announce the beginning of their life on foreign soil.CTo make the dishes popular among customers.DTo present their own food culture in a new way.C考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容，尤其是第四、五句可知。移民不僅把菜肴賣給來(lái)自相同國(guó)家的人，而且賣給不同國(guó)家的人。為了使菜肴受到顧客的歡迎，一些移民不得不改變傳統(tǒng)的菜肴。12What's the author's attitude towards different food cultures?ANegative.BBalanced.CUnfair.DUnchangeable.B考查觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容，尤其是第一句可知，我們應(yīng)該通過我們文化的食物來(lái)接受我們的傳統(tǒng)，但也應(yīng)該通過嘗試其他文化的食物來(lái)了解更多文化。由此可推知，作者對(duì)不同的食物文化持客觀公正的態(tài)度。