專題限時集訓(十四)閱讀七選五之說明文()A (2019·河南省實驗中學模擬)There might not be anything more important than taking care of your health.And doing so can be simple.It takes consistent habits to keep your body healthy throughout your life.Here are some of the habits of those living a healthy life. 1 It'll help you save time and money in the long run.Spare some time，then sit down and consider your goals and needs.Do you want to lose weight？Cut back on sugar or fat？Add protein(蛋白質) or vitamins？Meal preparation keeps you in control. 2 A bonus：It'll be much easier to skip those sweet foods in the break room at work.Drink plenty of waterIt can do so many good things for you.Staying hydrated(含水的) is at the top of the list，but it may also help you lose weight.Another reason to go for H2O？ 3 If you aren't a fan of plain water，add flavor with slices of orange，lemon，lime，watermelon，or cucumber.Go offlineChecking your email and social media a lot? Sure，your friends' and family's latest updates are just a click away，but do you really need to see pictures of your cousin's latest meal？Let's wait until morning.Set a time to log off and put the phone down. 4 Take a walk，read a book，or help your cousin chop vegetables for her next great dinner.Head outdoorsA few minutes in the sunshine raise vitamin D levels，and that's good for your bones，your heart，and your mood. 5 . Choose nature over city streets，if you can.One study found that people who strolled in urban green spaces were calmer than people who walked in built­up areas.ASugary drinks are linked to obesity and relevant diseasesBStrength training helps your body trade fat for muscle massCPlan your mealsDBeing outside means you're more likely to move your bodyERemember your mealsFYou know what you're eating and whenGWhen you cut back on screen time，it frees you to do other things【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了一些讓人保持健康的生活習慣。1C此處是本段小標題。本段主要講了如何控制自己的飲食。C項“計劃你的膳食”適合做本段小標題。故選C。2F根據上文“Meal preparation keeps you in control.”可知，備餐能讓你控制自己。F項“讓你知道自己吃什么以及什么時候吃”承接上文，符合語境。故選F。3A根據本段標題“Drink plenty of water”和本段內容可知，本段從正反兩方面說明了飲水的好處。A項“含糖飲料與肥胖和相關疾病有關”與標題呼應，符合語境。故選A。4G根據上文“Set a time to log off and put the phone down.”和下文“Take a walk，read a book，or help your cousin chop vegetables for her next great dinner.”可知，退出賬戶，放下手機。散散步，讀本書，幫你的堂姐做做飯。G項“隨心所欲地做其他的事”承上啟下，符合語境。故選G。5D根據本段標題“Head outdoors”和本段內容可知，我們應走到遠離街道的大自然去。D項“戶外活動意味著你更有可能活動你的身體”符合語境。故選D。BCan creativity be taught？That's a question without a simple yes or no answer.Creativity may not be able to be taught directly，but what you can get better at is frequently targeting at the circumstances of life which bring the greatest chances for true creative expression. 6 ，but more like something which manifests(顯現(xiàn)) itself inside those who learn to develop it and create the right conditions for it.Limit your selection of tools to only the most vital. 7 You'll be sharper than someone who merely fights with a larger set of tools.Learn how to be resourceful. 8 Creativity is not just about creating something new but making old things work better as well.Think of crazy possibilities as well as practical ones.You might find inspiration for a workable solution in one of your ideas.Don't listen to feedback(反饋) and keep following your own path.The problem of asking for feedback is that the feedback will be given according to the person's past experience.Others will unconsciously push you in a direction that they see as the best. 9 Just don't let criticism destroy your creativity during the creative process. 10 Routines are positive if they strengthen a healthy creative consciousness and negative if they destroy that.The key is to discover a creative routine that puts you in a more creative mindset.ACreativity is not like a lightning strikeBHaving a routine is actually not a bad ideaCYou can literally do anything you like with themDResourcefulness is about making the most of what you have to work withEThe more limited your set of tools is，the more creative the output will be FThis is done with good intentions，but it actually hurts your natural creativityGWhile breaking your routine once in a while to force new ways of thinking is good【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)造力的一些方法。6A根據空后的“but more like something which.conditions for it”可知，空處和后面的句子構成一個“not.but.”句型，故選A項。7E由空前一句“Limit your selection of tools to only the most vital.”可知，E項符合語境，承接上文。故選E項。8D空前一句“Learn how to be resourceful.”中的resourceful和D項中的Resourcefulness相呼應。故選D項。9F根據該段的主題句“Don't listen to feedback(反饋) and keep following your own path.”并結合空前一句“Others will unconsciously push you in a direction that they see as the best.”可知，其他人的反饋意圖是好的，但會傷害你的創(chuàng)造力，故選F項。10B根據文章的結構和空處所在的位置可知，空處為該段的主題句。本段主要講的是有一個固定的程序實際上不是一個壞主意。故選B項。C (2020·石家莊二中模擬)Having a learning disability doesn't mean you can't learn.Learning disabilities happen because of the way a person's brain takes in and processes information. 11 The trick will be figuring out how you learn best.Learning disabilities aren't contagious(傳染的)，but they can be genetic.That means they can be passed down in families through the genes，like many other traits we get from our parents and grandparents. Someone with a learning disability probably has other family members who have some learning troubles，too.Kids with learning problems are sometimes surprised to find out that one of their parents had similar troubles when he or she was in school. 12 Learning experts now know a lot more about the brain and how learning works.It's very hard for a kid to know if he or she has a learning disability.But kids don't have to figure all this out on their own. 13 Start with your teacher and your mom or dad.Finding out you have a learning disability can be upsetting. 14 But the truth is that learning disabilities are pretty common.And if your learning specialist or psychologist has figured out which one you're facing，you're on the right track.Now，you can start getting the help you need to do better in school.To make this special help really work，you'll need to practise the new skills you're learning.It may take a lot of efforts every day. 15 Soon，you'll enjoy the results of all your hard work：More fun and success at school!AAs a result，some people learn differently.BWhat a kid needs to do is to tell someone.CThat can be a challenge，but you can do it.DYou might feel different from everyone else.EThere are people who know how to do just that.FBut kids today have an advantage over their parents.GBut you'll need some help and you'll need to work extra hard.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章分析了學習障礙出現(xiàn)的原因，并提出了可以克服它的一些方法。11A空格前講有學習障礙并不代表你不能學習。之所以出現(xiàn)這種障礙是因為每個人理解和處理信息的方法不一樣。A項“結果就是，一些人用不同的方法學習”與上文銜接緊密，符合語境。故選A。12F空格前講有學習障礙的孩子的父母也許在上學時也有類似的問題。F項“但當今的孩子比起他們的父母而言更有優(yōu)勢”與上文銜接緊密，符合語境。故選F。13B空格前講對于一個孩子來說，要明白自己有學習障礙是很困難的，但孩子們不必獨自弄清楚這個問題，空格后講可以和老師、父親或母親一起去考慮這個問題。B項“這個孩子需要做的就是告訴其他人”與上下文銜接緊密，符合語境。故選B。14D空格前講發(fā)現(xiàn)自己有學習障礙可能會讓你很失望；空格后講其實這個情況很普遍。D項“你也許會感到自己與其他人不同”與上下文銜接緊密，符合語境。故選D。15C空格前講為了使別人的幫助起作用，你需要練習你正在學習的新技巧，每天付出很多努力。C項“這也許是個挑戰(zhàn)，但你一定可以做到”與上文銜接緊密，符合語境。故選C。D (2020·太原五中階段性檢測)When you write a message or an email，you might put a smiling face or other pictures at the end to make the message more fun.These pictures are emojis(表情符號) 16 Later，they were used on Apple's iPhone and Android phones.Now they are everywhere!Emoticon or emoji?Before emojis，there were emoticons，which can be made from the signs you can find on your keyboard，for example：­) for a smiley. Emoji is a Japanese word which means photograph.e(“picture”)moji(“character”) 17 There are all kinds of emojis，from faces and weather pictures to things in the kitchen and animals.What are emojis for?In English，we have a saying：A picture paints a thousand words.For many people, an emoji is like a punctuation mark，or smiling at someone across the room. 18 It is like the tone(語氣) of voice when we speak on the phone，or gestures used in conversation. 19 When someone speaks and looks serious，we try to look serious，too，and when someone smiles，we smile as well.This is how we show empathy(共鳴) and make friends.But when we are online，we can't see the person's face and there is no emotion. 20 Scientists in Australia have discovered that when we look at a smiley face online，the same parts of the brain start working as when we look at a real smiley face.Our mood changes，and we try to change our face to match the emoji.AHow do they affect us?BEmojis are real pictures.CWhy are emojis important?DThe invention of emojis changed that!EThis means that emojis have created a new brain pattern in us.FThe first emojis appeared on Japanese mobile phones in the 1990s.GA written message is black and white，but an emoji adds emotions to our messages.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。如今好多人會在郵件末尾加一個笑臉或其他圖片使郵件變得更有趣，這些笑臉或圖片就是我們現(xiàn)在隨處可見的表情符號。文章介紹了表情符號的發(fā)展和它在日常生活中的作用。16F空格前講當你寫信息或郵件時，會在信息或郵件末尾加一個笑臉或其他圖片使其變得更有趣。這些圖片就是表情符號；空格后講這些符號隨后出現(xiàn)在蘋果手機和安卓手機里，現(xiàn)在隨處可見。F項“20世紀90年代，第一代表情符號出現(xiàn)在日本手機里”符合語境。故選F。17B該段主要講述Emoticon和emoji，空格前講emoji是一個日語單詞，意思是照片；空格后講從臉部和天氣圖片到廚房里的東西和動物的所有表情符號都是照片。B項“表情符號是真正的圖片”符合語境。故選B。18G根據上文“For many people，an emoji is like a punctuation mark，or smiling at someone across the room.”可知，對于許多人來說，表情符號就像一個標點符號，或者就像對著房間另一頭的人微笑。根據下文“It is like the tone(語氣) of voice when we speak on the phone, or gestures used in conversation.”可知，表情符號就像打電話時人的語氣或會話中人的手勢一樣。G項“一封手寫通知是黑白的，但表情符號會給我們的信息增加感情”承上啟下，符合語境。故選G。19A空格處是本段的小標題。根據本段內容可知，當別人看起來嚴肅時，我們也要盡量嚴肅；當別人微笑時，我們也微笑。A項“它們是怎樣影響我們的”符合語境。故選A。20D空格前講當我們在線時，看不到對方的臉，沒有情感；空格后講澳大利亞的科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)，當我們在網上看到一張笑臉時，大腦中與我們看到真實笑臉時相同的部分開始工作。我們的情緒會改變，并且我們會試著改變我們的臉來匹配表情符號。D項“表情符號的發(fā)明改變了這個”承上啟下，符合語境。故選D。E (2020·重慶市質量調研抽測)Ways to Get Your Kids into NatureBeing in nature for kids has tremendous health benefits.There are many ways you can incorporate nature into your children's lives，even if you live in the city.Inspire curiosity by being curious yourself.A parent's excitement can be spread to the children，and when you show respect for nature，your children follow suit. 21 “I don't know！Let's find out together.”is a wonderful way to get the ball rolling.Be open to a mutual adventure and allow your curious inner child to come out while you explore nature with your children. 22 If you have to carpool(拼車) in the morning，turn off the devices instead and encourage your children to look out of the window.The early morning fall skies are beautiful with color and migrating birds.After all，even views of nature from the car window are calming and beneficial.Stop thinking about nature time as leisure time.Time in nature is an essential investment in your children's health and well­being.If you view nature time as essential to good health，you will be more likely to engage in it. 23 ，nurturing creativity and wonder is part of your responsibility as parents.Look at the stars.Visit your local observatory，and then drive out of the city some morning or evening for your own stargazing(天體觀察) with a blanket and telescope.Observing the stars offers a deeper and wider understanding of the universe. 24 Plant a small garden. 25 Bean and pea plants grow quickly and can be eaten when mature，so teach your children about food and the wonder of growth.ALimit electronic devices while drivingBEncourage questions you don't know the answers toCIf you want to raise your healthy，well­balanced childrenDIf you have the space，help your children plant a few vegetablesEIt will teach teamwork，pride in the community，and family togethernessFIf your child is interested，encourage him to get involved in the communityGAllow yourself to think about it，and talk to your children about that wonder【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了讓孩子融入自然的一些方法。21B根據其后的句子，并與上文中的inspire curiosity呼應可推知，此處表示鼓勵孩子一起探索你自己也不知道答案的問題，從而引起好奇心，故選B項。22A根據空后一句可推知，開車時關掉電子設備，多看看窗外也是一種與自然接觸的方式，故選A項。23C承接上文“Time in nature is an essential investment in your children's health and well­being”和空后的“nurturing creativity.as parents”可推知，如果想要培養(yǎng)出健康、明智的孩子，培養(yǎng)他們的創(chuàng)造性和好奇心也是作為父母的責任，故選C項。24G根據上文“Observing the stars.of the universe”可推知，和孩子一起觀察星空能夠加深對自然界的理解，與G項呼應，故選G項。25D承接上文“Plant a small garden.”，并與下文“Bean and pea plants.the wonder of growth.”呼應可推知，此處作者建議父母開辟一個小菜園，幫孩子種點蔬菜，一起見證它們生長的奇跡，故選D項。