第四章第四章 動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)第二節(jié)第二節(jié) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 知識(shí)梳理知識(shí)梳理一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常性、規(guī)律性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。含有always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never,every+時(shí)間詞等時(shí)間狀語的句子要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如果句子中的主語是第一、第二人稱或其他復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞，動(dòng)詞用原形；如果主語是第三人稱單數(shù)形式或其他表示單數(shù)概念的名詞，動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。如：We finish our homework on time at home every day.He always goes to school at about 7:00 in the morning.二、動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式的變化規(guī)則1.一般情況下，直接在動(dòng)詞詞尾加s。如：readreads,playplays 2.以s,x,o,sh,ch結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在詞尾加es。如：gogoes，washwashes 3.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把y改為i再加es。如：studystudies，flyflies 4.特殊形式：havehas，beis三、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句型結(jié)構(gòu)1.含有be 動(dòng)詞的句子 (1)肯定句：主語+be 動(dòng)詞+其他.如：Im 14 years old this year.(2)否定句：主語+be動(dòng)詞+not+其他.如：I am not in Grade 4 this year.(3)一般疑問句：Be+主語+其他？如：Are you from America?2.含有第三人稱單數(shù)形式實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的句子 (1)肯定句：主語+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的三單形式+其他.如：Mike plays computer games every Saturday afternoon.(2)否定句：主語+does not(doesnt)+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞（原形）+其他.如：Mike doesnt play computer games every Saturday afternoon.(3)一般疑問句：Does+主語+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞（原形）+其他？如：Does Mike play computer games every Saturday afternoon?3.含有原形實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的句子 (1)肯定句：主語+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞（原形）+其他.如：We study in No.1 Primary School.(2)否定句：主語+do not(dont)+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞（原形）+其他.如：We do not(dont)study in No.1 Primary School.(3)一般疑問句：Do+主語+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞（原形）+其他？如：Do you study in No.1 Primary School?考點(diǎn)精析考點(diǎn)精析考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1 考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的動(dòng)詞形式考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的動(dòng)詞形式【例1】用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.He _(get)up at 7 oclock every day.2.What time _ he _ his homework?(do)3.The sun _(go)down to the west.解析:本題考查正確填寫動(dòng)詞的形式。在做這類題的時(shí)候，要先判斷句子的時(shí)態(tài)。第1、2小題分別體現(xiàn)經(jīng)常性和習(xí)慣性，應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而he是第三人稱，故動(dòng)詞要用三單形式，助動(dòng)詞用does;第3小題太陽西下是自然規(guī)律，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。答案：1.gets 2.does；do 3.goes舉一反三1.寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。(1)become _ (2)shine _ (3)fly _ (4)teach _ (5)study _ (6)have _ 2.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。(1)He often _(have)dinner at home.(2)The boy always _(teach)his sister maths after dinner.(3)We _(not watch)TV on Mondays.(4)Mike and his father sometimes _(read)newspapers together.(5)Jack _(not ride)a bike to school on Fridays.becomesshinesfliesteachesstudieshashasteachesdont watchreaddoesnt ride考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2 考查有關(guān)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)句子的句型轉(zhuǎn)換考查有關(guān)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)句子的句型轉(zhuǎn)換【例2】按要求改寫下列句子。1.Lucy and Lily usually go home together.(改為否定句)_2.Mike often reads English in the morning.(改為一般疑問句)_3We go swimming in summer.(就畫線部分提問)_ 解析:本題三個(gè)句子都是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，在變否定句或一般疑問句的時(shí)候，我們要考慮借助助動(dòng)詞do或does。第1 小題主語Lucy and Lily 是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，否定句加 dont,要注意的是usually在否定句中要置于助動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前，或者也可以用否定詞never 來整句改寫；第2小題Mike是第三人稱的主語，要用Does開頭，其后的動(dòng)詞要用原形；第3小題中的go swimming是動(dòng)詞詞組，也就是“做什么”的問題，用“What do”的形式提問,同時(shí)注意we 要改成 you。答案：1.Lucy and Lily dont usually go home together./Lucy and Lily never go home together.2Does Mike often read English in the morning?3.What do you do in summer?舉一反三 按要求改寫下列句子。1.Do you like playing basketball?(作肯定回答)_ 2.My brother has many books.(改為否定句)_ 3.He lives in the village near the mountain.(改為一般疑問句)_ 4.Nancy comes from the USA.(就畫線部分提問)_Yes，I do.Where does Nancy come from？Does he live in the village near the mountain？My brother doesnt have many books.過關(guān)檢測(cè)過關(guān)檢測(cè)一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。1.sit _ 2.swim _ 3.go _4.make _ 5.run _ 6.write _7.cry _ 8.study _ 9.watch _10.wash _ 11.say _ 12.play _sitsswimsgoesmakesrunswritescriesstudieswatcheswashessaysplays二、單項(xiàng)填空。()1.He _ to school from Monday to Friday.A.go B.goes C.going()2.The earth _ around the sun.A.moving B.moves C.moved()3.Miss Li _ music.A.teaches our B.teaches us C.teach our()4._ Linda _ back at seven every day?A.Is；coming B.Does；comes C.Does；comeBBBC()5.Lily doesnt _ a music lesson in the afternoon.A.have B.has C.having()6.Both Tony and Peter _ in Class One.A.is B.do C.are()7.What _ your mother often _ on Sundays?A.is;doing B.does;do C.do;does ()8.I _ apples and she _ pears.A.like;like B.like;likes C.likes;likesACBB三、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.My father _(be)at home today.2.Jane and Joe _(be)students.They _(be)in the park now.3._(be)you a bus driver?4.We often _(play)on the playground.5.He _(get)up at six oclock every day.6._(do)you _(brush)your teeth every morning?isareareAreplaygetsDobrush 7.What _ he usually _ after school?(do)8.Danny _(study)English,Chinese,maths,science and art at school.9.Mike sometimes _(go)to the park with his sister.doesdostudiesgoes 10._(do)Mike _(read)English every day?11.How many lessons _(do)your classmates _(have)on Monday?12.What time _ his mother _ the housework?(do)Doesreaddohavedoesdo四、按要求改寫下列句子。1.Do you often play football after school?(作肯定回答)_ 2.I have some books.(改為否定句)_ 3.Alices sister likes playing table tennis.(改為否定句)_Yes,I/we do.I dont have any books.Alices sister doesnt like playing table tennis.4.I watch TV every day.(改為一般疑問句)_ 5.My uncle lives in Shanghai now.(改為一般疑問句)_ 6.Tom does his homework at home.(改為否定句)_ 7.I usually play football on Friday afternoons.(就畫線部分提問)_Do you watch TV every day?Does your uncle live in Shanghai now?Tom doesnt do his homework at home.What do you(usually)do on Friday afternoons?五、根據(jù)答句寫出問句。1._ I can wash the clothes.2._ I often clean the room at home.3._ Yes,she often goes shopping on the weekend.4._ _ My brother likes drawing pictures.5._ No,he is a doctor.What can you do?What do you often do at home?Does she often go shopping on the weekend?Whats your brothers hobby?/What does your brother like doing?Is he a driver/teacher/farmer?