本句型中的動(dòng)詞雖然是及物動(dòng)詞, 但是只跟賓語還不能表達(dá)完整的意思, 必須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分, 如形容詞、名詞、副詞（僅限少數(shù)幾個(gè)）、動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞來補(bǔ)充說明賓語, 才能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思。賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語在意義有一種邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系, 即賓語與賓語補(bǔ)足語在“意義上”是一種主謂關(guān)系。如：,基本句型五: 主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓補(bǔ),We elected Li Yang our monitor.我們選李陽(yáng)做我們的班長(zhǎng)。(Li yang is our monitor) The news made us sad.這新聞使我傷心。(We were sad),根據(jù)賓補(bǔ)的不同可分為以下幾種情況： 1.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+名詞。如： President appointed John manager of Marketing. 總裁任命約翰為營(yíng)銷部經(jīng)理。,常用于此句型的動(dòng)詞有：call, name, make, elect, appoint, consider, leave等。,歸納：,常用于此句型的動(dòng)詞有：make, paint, get (ready), cut (short), set (free), keep, drive (mad), find, wish, beat (black and blue), prove, think, believe, consider, leave等。,2. 主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+形容詞。如： The news made me happy. 那消息使我很高興。,歸納：,3. 主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+介詞短語。如： I found myself in dark. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己還蒙在鼓里。,要求用to do作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, encourage, expect, force, get, invite, order, permit, persuade, request, tell, want, warn, wish等。,4. 主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+不定式。如： He encouraged her to work harder.他鼓勵(lì)他努力工作。,歸納：,He always has others wait for him.他總是要?jiǎng)e人等他。 要求用do作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：使役動(dòng)詞let, make，have等；感官動(dòng)詞observe, feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, see, watch等。,歸納：,若變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài), 其后的賓語補(bǔ)足語就成為主語補(bǔ)足語了, 此時(shí)作主語補(bǔ)足語的不定式要帶to。如： The boss made him work overtime.(主動(dòng)語態(tài)) He was made to work overtime.(被動(dòng)語態(tài))老板叫他加班。,注意：,5.主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+分詞。如： Dont leave the water running after you have washed your hands.洗手之后不要聽任水白流。 I heard my name called.我聽到有人叫我的名字。,現(xiàn)在分詞為賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí), 賓語與現(xiàn)在分詞之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系; 過去分詞為賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí), 賓語與過去分詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。常用于此句型的動(dòng)詞有：catch, feel, find, get, have, hear, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, set, smell, watch等。,注意：,6. 主語 + 謂語 + it + 賓補(bǔ) + 真正賓語。 (1) I found it very pleasant to be with your family. 我覺得與你家人相處令人愉快。 (2) She thinks it no point practicing so much. 她認(rèn)為練習(xí)這么多沒有意義。 (3) He believed it unlikely that she would agree. 他相信她不可能同意。,(1) 當(dāng)作賓語的不定式、動(dòng)名詞、賓語從句跟一個(gè)補(bǔ)足語時(shí), 要用形式賓語it放在賓語的位置, 將真正的賓語放到后面。 (2) 用doing作真正的賓語時(shí), 其補(bǔ)足語通常是useless, senseless, no use, good, sense, point等, 表示“無益或沒有意義”。 (3) 能用于該句型的謂語動(dòng)詞有consider, believe, feel, find, make, think, suppose等。,【說明】,1. 那噪音快要使我發(fā)瘋了。 1. The noise is driving me crazy. 2. 要使學(xué)校變得更美麗, 我們應(yīng)從身邊小事做起。 2. To make our school more beautiful, we should start from the small things around us.,即時(shí)練習(xí)：,3. 他請(qǐng)我們參加做游戲。 He asked us to join in the game. 4. 媽媽要我放棄一些課外活動(dòng)。 Mother wants me to give up some after-class activities.,5. 明天我要找人來修理機(jī)器。 5. I will have the machine repaired tomorrow. 6. 每天早晨我們都聽到他大聲朗讀英語。 6. We hear him reading English aloud every morning.,7. 父母必須讓孩子做一些家務(wù)。 Parents should have children do some housework . 8. 他踢足球時(shí)摔斷了腿。 He had his leg broken while playing football.,9. 我感到很難找到時(shí)間與父母交談。 9. I feel it hard to find time to talk with my parents. 10. 我們要把保護(hù)環(huán)境看做是我們的職責(zé)。 10. We should consider it our duty to protect the environment.,11. 學(xué)校定了一條規(guī)則學(xué)生要穿校服。(make) The schools made it a rule that students should wear uniform every school day. 12. 我認(rèn)為與只想不做是無益的。 I believe it no use thinking without acting.,