第3講 形容詞和副詞,考點1 形容詞和副詞詞義辨析 【典例】1. (2015浙江高考)Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was_alive. A. steadily B. instantly C. formerly D. permanently 【解析】選C。句意: 我們中的大多數(shù)人, 哪怕知道一點食物來自哪里, 都會懂得放進嘴里的每一口食物以前都是有生命的。steadily穩(wěn)定地; instantly立刻, 馬上; formerly以前, 原來; permanently永久地, 長期不變地。,2. (2015浙江高考)Listening is thus an active, not a_, behavior consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering. A. considerate B. sensitive C. reliable D. passive 【解析】選D。句意: 因此聽力是包括了聽、理解和記憶在內(nèi)的一種主動的、而不是消極的行為。considerate體貼的; sensitive敏感的; reliable可靠的, 可信賴的; passive消極的, 與句子中的active相對。,3. (2014浙江高考)The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others_. A. blindly B. unwillingly C. closely D. carefully 【解析】選A。句意: 教育的目的是教給年輕人要獨立思考, 不要盲目地跟隨別人。blindly盲目地; 輕率地, 符合句意。unwillingly不樂意地; closely緊密地, 親密地; carefully仔細地。根據(jù)句意可知A項正確。,4. (2013浙江高考)Mary worked here as a_secretary and ended up getting a full-time job with the company. A. pessimistic B. temporary C. previous D. cautious 【解析】選B。句意: 瑪麗開始在這里工作時只是一個臨時秘書, 后來卻在這家公司得到了一份全職工作。該句中的full-time job暗示出開始只是a temporary secretary。pessimistic悲觀的, 悲觀主義的; temporary暫時的, 臨時的; previous以前的; cautious小心的, 謹慎的。故選B。,5. (2013浙江高考)If we leave right away, well arrive on time. A. hopefully B. curiously C. occasionally D. gradually 【解析】選A。句意: 如果我們立刻出發(fā), 我們有望按時到達。hopefully有希望地; curiously好奇地; occasionally偶爾; gradually逐漸地。故選A。,【解題技巧】 形容詞、副詞辨析題主要是考查考生的詞匯量及在特定語境中熟練應(yīng)用詞匯的能力。要做到: (1)針對高考要求對高考高頻詞進行分類梳理、強化記憶, 從而做到有備無患。 (2)注意考試題目中的句子語境, 如句子中的關(guān)聯(lián)詞、同義詞、反義詞等對句子選項的影響, 從而做出正確答案。,考點2 形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級用法 【典例】1. (2015四川高考)Andy is content with the toy. It is_he has ever got. A. a better B. the better C. a best D. the best 【解析】選D。句意: Andy對這個玩具很滿意。這是他曾得到的最好的(玩具)。根據(jù)上一句話可知, Andy對這個玩具很滿意, 本句中雖然沒有出現(xiàn)表示范圍的詞匯, 但語境通過暗示的形式表達了最高級的用法, 故選D。,2. (2015陜西高考)_more learned a man is, _more modest he usually becomes. A. The; the B. A; a C. The; a D. A; the 【解析】選A。句意: 一個人越博學, 他通常會變得越謙虛?！皌he +比較級, the +比較級”為含比較級的特殊句型用法。,3. (2014大綱版全國卷)Raymonds parents wanted him to have _ possible education. A. good B. better C. best D. the best 【解析】選D。句意: Raymond的父母希望他能接受最好的教育。the best possible最好的, 固定短語, 作定語。,4. (2013天津高考)I think watching TV every evening is a waste of timethere are _ meaningful things to do. A. less B. more C. the least D. the most 【解析】選B。句意: 我認為每天晚上看電視是浪費時間, 有更多有意義的事情去做。根據(jù)句意可知做有意義的事情與看電視是兩者之間的比較。,5. (2013江西高考)There are a small number of people involved, possibly _ twenty. A. as few as B. as little as C. as many as D. as much as 【解析】選A。句意: 這涉及少量的人, 可能少到20個。as. . . as. . . 意為“和一樣”, 是同級比較結(jié)構(gòu)。few和many后面都接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù), 但是few強調(diào)“少”, many強調(diào)“多”; little和much后面都接不可數(shù)名詞。,【解題技巧】 1. 掌握原級、比較級和最高級常用的句式。 as+形容詞或副詞原級+as. . . as+adj. +a(n)+單數(shù)名詞+as. . . /such+a(n)+adj. +單數(shù)名詞 not so/as+形容詞或副詞原級+as. . . too/how+adj. +a(n)+名詞單數(shù) as many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+as. . . /as much +不可數(shù)名詞+as. . . the+比較級. . . , the+比較級. . . 越, 越 注意: as much + a(n)+單數(shù)名詞+as. . . 既是又是,2. 熟記以下常見的規(guī)則。 看到very, quite, fairly, too等詞要想到它們通常修飾原級。 看到much, far, rather, no, even, still, any, a bit, a little, by far, a lot, a great deal等詞要想到它們用于修飾比較級。 3. 看到“否定詞(not/never)+比較級”要想到此句型表示最高級。 It couldnt be better. 這再好不過了。 I have never seen a better film. 4. 在對形容詞和副詞的比較級、最高級進行考查時, 具有標志性的單詞as, than不一定出現(xiàn), 而是通過語境體現(xiàn)出來, 此時要正確理解句子語境, 理順上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。,考點3 倍數(shù)關(guān)系句型 【典例】1. (2013安徽高考)Its said that the power plant is now _ large as what it was. A. twice as B. as twice C. twice much D. much twice 【解析】選A。句意: 據(jù)說這個發(fā)電廠現(xiàn)在是過去的兩倍大。倍數(shù)表達法有三種: 倍數(shù)+as+形容詞/副詞的原級+as; 倍數(shù)+形容詞/副詞的比較級+than; 倍數(shù)+the+名詞+of。,2. This restaurant wasnt_that other restaurant we went to. A. half as good as B. as half good as C. as good as half D. good as half as 【解析】選A。句意: 這家飯店不及我們?nèi)ミ^的另一家飯店的一半好。當形容詞與表達倍數(shù)關(guān)系的詞語連用時, 其正確表達法是: 倍數(shù)詞+as+形容詞原級+as; 倍數(shù)詞+形容詞比較級+than。,【解題技巧】 牢記表示倍數(shù)的句型: A is+倍數(shù)+比較級+than+B。 A is+倍數(shù)+as+原級+as+B。 A is+倍數(shù)+the+名詞(size, length, height等)+of+B。 the+名詞(size, length, height等)+of A +is+倍數(shù)+that+of+B。 A is+倍數(shù)+what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。,考點4 形容詞作狀語 【典例】1. (2013上海高考)The judges gave no hint of what they thought, so I left the room really_. A. to be worried B. to worry C. having worried D. worried 【解析】選D。句意: 法官們沒有暗示他們的想法, 所以, 我滿懷擔心地離開了房間。本句中, 需要一個形容詞來說明主語的狀態(tài), 語法上叫作“主語補足語”。只有選項D worried是形容詞, 可以修飾主語。,2. , she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile. A. Shy and cautious B. Sensitive and thoughtful C. Honest and confident D. Light-hearted and optimistic 【解析】選D。句意: 豁達而樂觀使她成為了能用自己的微笑把陽光傳遞給他人的那種女人。A項意思是“害羞而小心”; B項意思是“敏感而多慮”; C項意思是“誠實而自信”; D項意思是“豁達而樂觀”。,【解題技巧】 形容詞或形容詞短語和副詞作狀語的區(qū)別: 形容詞或形容詞短語可以在句中作狀語, 說明句子中主語或賓語的狀態(tài); 而副詞作狀語一般情況下用來修飾句子的謂語動詞或整個句子。 The young man came back home, tired and hungry. 這個年輕人回到家, 又累又餓。,考點5 連接副詞 【典例】1. (2014江蘇高考)I cant meet you on Sunday. Ill be _ occupied. A. also B. just C. nevertheless D. otherwise 【解析】選D。句意: 我周日不能和你見面, (那時)將另有安排。otherwise occupied相當于engaged忙別的事情。符合句意。,2. (2014江西高考)Thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldnt have found it_. A. nowhere B. however C. otherwise D. instead 【解析】選C。句意: 多謝你把我們領(lǐng)到這所房子, 否則, 我們是不可能找到它的。otherwise要不然, 否則, 符合語境。nowhere無處; however然而; instead代替。,3. (2014安徽高考)Its our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and, , supply more jobs. A. however B. anywhere C. therefore D. otherwise 【解析】選C。句意: 我們希望在市場中將會起到更大的作用, 因此提供更多的工作。根據(jù)句意本句前后是因果關(guān)系, 故用therefore因此。however然而; anywhere任何地方; otherwise否則。,4. (2013浙江高考)If what your friend comes up with surprises you, dont reject it immediately. , imagine that it is true. A. Thus B. Besides C. Rather D. Otherwise 【解析】選C。句意: 如果你朋友提出的想法令你吃驚, 不要立即拒絕。而是想象著它是正確的。thus所以, 表示結(jié)果; besides而且, 表示遞進關(guān)系; rather相當于instead, 用在否定句后面的肯定句中; otherwise否則, 不然的話, 表示一種假設(shè)。,【解題技巧】 熟記下表高考經(jīng)常涉及的連接副詞:,【誤區(qū)糾偏】 易錯點1 形容詞、副詞詞義辨析不到位 People say Daniel is reliable and honest; , I dont feel I can trust him. (變式)People say Daniel is reliable and honest; I wouldnt feel I can trust him. A. instead B. otherwise C. somehow D. though,【點撥】 (1)題句意: 人們說丹尼爾可靠誠實; 但不知何因, 我卻并沒感到我可以信賴他。somehow不知怎么地, 不知為什么, 可用在句中用逗號與其他成分分開, 也可直接在句中或句末。故選C。 (2)題, 后半句I wouldnt feel I can trust him為虛擬語氣, 是一種隱含條件句, otherwise之前為陳述句, 之后為虛擬句。句意: 人們說丹尼爾可靠誠實, 要不然我也不會覺得我可以信賴他。故選B。,易錯點2 對于某些形容詞意義理解不充分 Did you look up the time of the high-speed trains to Shanghai? Yes, the early train is_to leave at 5: 30 a. m. . (變式)Did you look up the time of the high-speed trains to Shanghai? No, I guess the early train is_to leave at 5: 30 a. m. . A. likely B. possible C. due D. about,【點撥】 (1)題句意: 你查閱了到上海的高鐵的時間了嗎? 查了, 早班火車預(yù)計在早上五點半發(fā)車。due作表語, 表示“(車、船、飛機等)預(yù)定的, 預(yù)期的”等意義。故選C。 (2)題句意: 你查閱了到上海的高鐵的時間了嗎? 沒有, 我想有可能是在早上五點半發(fā)車。句中的guess說明說話人表達的不確定性。故選A。,易錯點3 形容詞比較級誤用 Celine Dion who once performed wonderfully at the Spring Festival Gala of China, is_she was 15 years ago. A. as attractive a star as B. as an attractive star as C. attractive as a star as D. as attractive star as (變式)Celine Dion who once performed wonderfully at the Spring Festival Gala of China, is_before. A. attractive as B. as attractive C. as attractive as D. as much attractive as,【點撥】 (1)題句意: 席琳迪翁曾經(jīng)在中國春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會上進行了精彩的表演, 她現(xiàn)在依然與15年前一樣, 是個很有魅力的明星。在as. . . as引導(dǎo)的短語結(jié)構(gòu)中, 第一個as為副詞, 要修飾形容詞或副詞, 即構(gòu)成“as+adj. +a(n)+單數(shù)名詞+as. . . ”的形式, 表示“像一樣”。故選A。 (2)題中因為沒有了名詞star, 所以只需要用as+adj. +as的結(jié)構(gòu), 以表示“和以前一樣有魅力”。故選C。 (3)注意分析題干的句式結(jié)構(gòu), 牢記常見的表達比較概念的固定句式。,