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2019-2020年高考英語一輪復習 BookI Unit15教學案 人教大綱版 單元 考查重點及熱點 Unit 15 單詞 dormitory surely diamond explain recognize jewellery franc continue lovely debt precious positive attend earn besides ball lecture silly author outline quality 短語 call on bring back day and night pay lff at most act out 句型 1.否定轉移 2.表示“價值；花費”的句型 Unit 16 單詞 experiment glove gas liquid advantage disadvantage application engine nuclear fort unnecessary successful conduct lightning thunderstorm string charge electric shock prove tear frame handkerchief control sharp foot fasten sense shampoo skin drug activist doubt cruel view conclusion 短語 a number of a great deal of pick out test on bring out try on e up with take care dream of doing build up belong to set free 句型 1.祈使句+and/then/or/otherwise+陳述句結構 2.to do作表語的句型結構 講： vi.& vt.解釋；說明（原因） explain用作及物動詞時，后面可跟名詞，復合賓語，動詞不定式和賓語從句作賓語。 例：I was asked to explain to him the meaning of the sentence. 我被要求向他解釋那個句子的意思。 How do you explain your rude behavior? 你如何為自己的粗魯行為辯解？ She explained that she couldn’t e because she was ill. 她解釋說因為生病所以她不能來了。 鏈接提示 (1)表示“向某人解釋某事”時，sb.前必須使用介詞to，即explain to sb. sth./explain sth.to sb.。 (2)explain的名詞為explanation。 練：(1)(xx天津模擬) You should understand the traffic rule by now.You’ve had it _______ often enough. A.explaining B.to explain C.explain D.explained 提示:本題考查句型have sth.done。意思是:你應該明白交通規(guī)則了，你已經讓人解釋的夠多的了。have sth.done這個結構有兩個含義:(1)主語讓別人做某事；(2)主語遭受到不好的經歷，解題時應將兩者區(qū)分開。還應注意have sb. do，have sb. doing和have sth. doing這幾個結構。 答案:D (2)(xx云南統(tǒng)一檢測) The maths problem remained confusing to the boy although _______ over and over. A.explaining B.being explained C.explained D.having explained 提示:該題為狀語從句的省略，補全后從句為although it was explained over and over。 答案：C (3)Is this the reason ________ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A.he explained B.what he explained C.how he explained D.why he explained 提示:reason在定語從句中作賓語，故排除D項；what和how不能引導定語從句，故選A，省略關系代詞that。 答案:A 2.recognize 講: v.認出；承認；分辨出 例：Though she changed much,I recognized her at first sight. 雖然她變化很大，我還是一眼就認出了她。 They recognized him to be a great leader. 他們承認他是一位偉大的領袖。 He didn’t recognize (=admit) that he had made a big mistake. 他不承認自己犯下了大錯。 I recognize that he is cleverer than I am. 我承認他比我聰明。 鏈接提示 (1)be recognized as...被公認為/承認是…… (2)recognize sb./sth.as/to be...認為某物是…… 練：(1)We hadn’t met for 20 years,but I _______ her the moment I saw her. A.knew B.realized C.recognized D.met 提示:本題考查詞義辨析。recognize“認出；分辨出”;realize“意識到”；know“認識”。上文說“已經二十年沒見面了”，接著說“但是一見面還是認出她了”。故選C。 答案:C (2)I was dismissed.Only then did I _______ that I had either forgotten or pletely ignored my own black skin. A.realize B.regard C.recognize D.admit 提示:本句話的意思為“我被解雇了，只有那時我才意識到我忘記了或者完全忽視了我黑色的皮膚”。 答案:A 3.continue 講:v.繼續(xù) 例：The exhibition continues until 25 July. 展覽要持續(xù)到7月25日。 Are you going to continue with the project? 你要繼續(xù)做這個項目嗎？ 鏈接提示 (1)continue doing sth.=continue to do sth.=continue with sth.繼續(xù)做某事 (2)continue可以用作系動詞，后接形容詞或介詞短語作表語 The weather will continue fine in the weekend.周末仍是晴天。 練：Although it was already dark,they _______ to work in the fields. A.stopped B.failed C.continued D.went on with 提示:如果選用stopped或failed，就會出現(xiàn)邏輯錯誤；go on with后不能接動詞不定式。故選C。 答案:C 短語 1.call on 講：該短語的義項有“拜訪；看望(某人)”。 call on后接人作賓語，指進行短暫的拜訪。 例：Please call on me next time you are in New York. 下次來紐約時請來我家玩。 He had e half a dozen times to call on his sister. 他曾來過五六次看望他的姐姐。 鏈接拓展 (1)call at參觀、拜訪某地 后接地點名詞，表示到某人的家或其他場所去拜訪某人。 (2)call for要求；需要；去接某人；去拿某物 (3)call up打電話；使想起；使回憶起 (4)call in召集；請；要求退回；收回 (5)call off決定取消；下令停止 (6)call back叫回；再度訪問；回電話 練：(1)(xx北京模擬) It’s the present situation in poor areas that _______ much higher spending on education and training. A.answers for B.provides for C.calls for D.plans for 提示:本題是一個強調句式，強調主語the present situation in poor areas。句意為:貧困地區(qū)的當前形勢要求更高的教育和培訓經費。answer for“負責；保證”；provide for“預防；提供；規(guī)定”；plan for“為……制訂計劃”；call for“要求；需要”。只有call for符合句意。動詞短語是歷年模擬的重點，平時應多注意知識的積累。 答案:C (2)—What time would you like me to _______ this evening for the concert? —I think 6:30 will be OK. A.pick up you B.call you for C.call on you D.call for you 提示:A項結構錯誤，因為up是副詞，要放在代詞賓語you之后；call for中的for是介詞，應放在賓語you前，因此，B項也是結構錯誤；C項與句意不符。故選D。call for sb.的意思是“接某人”。 答案:D 2.pay off 講:該短語的義項有“還清(債務等)；付清；合算；上算”。 例：I’ve now paid off all my debts. 我現(xiàn)在已經全部付清債務了。 He hoped he would have an opportunity to pay them off. 他希望有機會把他們償還掉。 They doubted whether all this work would pay off. 他們懷疑這樣干是否合算。 鏈接拓展 (1)pay back償還 He paid me back the 100 dollars he owed me. 他把欠我的那100美元還給我了。(2)pay for付款；受到報應 Did you pay him 100 dollars for that old car? 你付給他100美元買他那輛舊自行車了嗎？ You’ll have to pay for your crime. 你將為你的罪行受到懲罰。 練：Since there was a rapid increase in his business,his efforts _________. A.paid in B.paid off C.paid back D.paid for 提示:短語pay off在此的意思為“帶來好結果；成功”。 答案:B 句型 1.否定轉移 講：注意觀察下面教材原句: I don’t think I know you. 我想我不認識你。 英語中有些動詞如think,believe,expect,feel,imagine,suppose等后面若跟否定意義的賓語從句，否定詞要移到主句謂語動詞的前面，這一現(xiàn)象被稱為否定轉移。注意其反意疑問句部分，當主句的主語是第一人稱時，后面的反意疑問句根據從句而定；若為其他人稱，則隨主句而定。 例：I don’t believe he will e. 我相信他不會來。 I don’t suppose anyone will believe him. 我想沒有人會相信他的話。 He doesn’t think it will rain,does he? 他認為天不會下雨，是嗎？ 鏈接提示 當賓語從句中出現(xiàn)下列結構時，否定詞不可移到主句中: (1)當從句中用can’t help doing sth.時; I suppose everyone can’t help laughing at your idea. 我想大家會禁不住為你的想法發(fā)笑。 (2)當從句中用not...until...時; I believe he won’t e until late in the evening. 我相信他晚上很晚才會來。 (3)當從句中有needn’t do sth.時; I think you need’t do it again. 我想你不必再做了。 (4)當從句中有not do sth.yet時。 I suppose they haven’t e back yet. 我猜他們還沒回來。 練：I don’t expect you can finish the work in three days,________? A.don’t I B.do I C.can you D.can’t you 提示:本題考查否定轉移結構中的反意疑問句。在否定轉移的句子中，主句的主語是第一人稱時，反意疑問句應根據賓語從句而定，若為其他人稱，則隨主句而定。 答案:C 2.表示“價值；花費”的句型 講：注意觀察下面教材原句: It was worth five hundred francs at most. 它至多值500法郎。 It cost us thirty-six thousand francs. 它花了我們三萬六千法郎。 A new dress costs over four hundred francs. 一件新的晚禮服要花四百多法郎。 例：How much did it cost to build the bridge? 建這座橋花費了多少錢？ It will cost you 500 dollars to repair the car. 修理這部汽車你要花費500美元。 Such a difficult job costs a lot of time and effort. 這么困難的工作需要耗費極多的時間和精力。 鏈接提示 (1)be worth+money與sth.+cost+money的意思相同，表示“某樣東西值多少錢”，而sth.cost sb.+money表示“某種東西花了某人多少錢”。 (2)表示“花費”的句型還有: ①sb.+spend+money/time+on sth./(in)doing sth.； ②sb.+pay money+for sth.； ③It takes sb.some time to do sth.； ④sb.pay money for sth.； ⑤sb.buy sth.for money I spent my summer vacation(in)reading and fishing. 我的暑假是在看書和釣魚中度過的。 It takes us thirty minutes to walk from here to the station. 我們從這里步行去車站要30分鐘。 (3)be worth doing表示“……值得……”，該結構中需要用主動形式表示被動意思。 This book is well worth reading. 這本書很值得一讀。 練：(1)—It will________ determination and hard work to master a foreign language. —There is no doubt about it. A.spend B.cost C.pay D.take 提示:it是形式主語，動詞不定式是真正的主語。故選D。 答案：D (2)How long did you ________ cleaning your room yesterday? A.cost B.spend C.pay D.take 提示:主語為you，排除A項；依據cleaning確定答案為B。 答案:B 辨析 1.join,attend,take part in join,attend,和take part in都可譯作“參加”，但搭配和含義均有所不同。 join指加入某一組織或團體，成為其中一員，也可指加入正在從事某種活動的人們的行列，結構為join sb. in doing sth.。 attend通常用于參加會議、聽課、聽報告等。還可指照顧、護理等。 take part in通常指參加某項活動。 即時練習: (1)Did your son ________ school yesterday? (2)He ________ the army when he was only sixteen and ________ the Party a year later. (3)He ________ the last Olympic Games and won a gold medal. (4)Her mother is ill.She has to stay at home to ________ her. 答案:(1)attend (2)joined,joined (3)took part in (4)attend 2.go on doing,go on to do,go on with,continue (1)go on doing sth.指繼續(xù)做同一件事。 (2)go on to do sth.指接著做另外一件事。 (3)go on with sth.指繼續(xù)同一件事，此時with后能接名詞、代詞，不能跟-ing形式。 (4)continue 繼續(xù)同一件事，也可以是另一件事。該詞有以下用法:①continue+n.；②continue doing/to do。 即時練習: (1)The rain ________ for three days. (2)They ________ their game after lunch. (3)He ________ writing/to write late into the night. (4)The weather________ (=remains)cold. (5)After a short rest,they ________ working. (6)After finishing the words,they ________ to go over the text. (7)Einstein ________ his research. 答案:(1)continued (2)continued/went on with (3)continued (4)continues (5)went on (6)went on (7)went on with 誘思:實例點撥 情態(tài)動詞是第13、第14和第15單元的重點語法。對于漢語中不存在的情態(tài)動詞，學生感到不好掌握；對于考查情態(tài)動詞的選擇題，學生也感到無處下手，但是模擬中卻頻繁出現(xiàn)考查情態(tài)動詞的題目。因此，在平時要下大工夫去掌握情態(tài)動詞的意義、結構和用法。 【例1】 (xx湖北模擬) If I ________ plan to do anything I wanted to,I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. A.would B.could C.had to D.ought to 提示:條件狀語從句的意思為:如果我能為我想做的事情做個計劃。只有could符合句意。 答案:B 【例2】 (xx湖南模擬) —Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary. —She________ .I’ve already borrowed one. A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t 提示:由下文可知，她不需要那樣做。 答案:C 【例3】 (xx全國模擬Ⅱ) John,look at the time.________ you play the piano at such a late hour? A.Must B.Can C.May D.Need 提示:本題考查情態(tài)動詞的基本用法。句意為“約翰，看看時間，你非得這么晚的時間彈鋼琴嗎？”語句中含有詰問的語氣，用must表示。 答案:A 【例4】 (xx全國模擬Ⅰ) Tom,you _______ leave all your clothes on the floor like this! A.wouldn’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.may not 提示:句意為:湯姆，你不能這樣把衣服扔到地板上。句子使用了命令的語氣，應該使用mustn’t，表示“一定不要”。 答案:B 講評:情態(tài)動詞的使用必須依據上下文的語意加以判斷。 【例5】 (xx上海模擬) There _______ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school. A.mustn’t B.shan’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t 提示:mustn’t表示“禁止；不許”；shan’t表示“將不會”；shouldn’t表示根據情況推測，意思是“理應不……”；needn’t表示“不必”。 答案:C 【例6】 (xx天津模擬) I ______have been more than six years old when the accident happened. A.shouldn’t B.couldn’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t 提示:句意為:當那次事故發(fā)生時，我可能還不到六歲。選項中只有B項符合句意。 答案:B 【例7】 (xx安徽模擬) Helen _______ go on the trip with us,but she isn’t quite sure yet. A.shall B.must C.may D.can 提示:考查情態(tài)動詞表推測，由she isn’t quite sure yet可知仍不確定，故選C。 答案:C 【例8】 (xx上海春季模擬) You know he is not going to let us leave early if we ______ get the work done. A.can’t B.may not C.shouldn’t D.mustn’t 提示:本題考查情態(tài)動詞的基本用法。選A項，can’t表示“不能”。 答案:A