2019-2020年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) BookIII Unit9教學(xué)案 人教大綱版單元考查重點及熱點Unit 9單詞insurance carpenter ine hopeless clinic allowance pressure consult chemist fee nationwide unfortunate tailor incident significance bench sink jar lid devotion短語lay off make matters worse make ends meet句型as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句Unit 10單詞garbage maid prince oute penny grocery bakery weep furnish shabby mailbox bell rag rare garment worn carpet barbershop haircut booklet mutton stove baggage pale prayer approve anyhow shave b flash simplify短語attend to take pride in do up let down fix sth. on/upon at length search for句型“介詞+xhich+動詞不定式”作定語講： vt.咨詢，請教；(與某人)商議，商量；查詢，查閱，參看例:If the pain continues,consult your doctor.如果疼痛持續(xù)不消退，要請醫(yī)生看看。Have you consulted your lawyer about this?你就此事咨詢過你的律師嗎？You shouldnt have done it without consulting me.你不該不和我商量就做了這件事。I need to consult with my colleagues on the proposals.我需要同我的同事商討這些建議。He consulted the manual.他查閱了使用說明書。鏈接提示 表示“查閱”時，相當(dāng)于refer to；表示“商量”時，相當(dāng)于discuss或talk about。練:Youd better_ the dictionary for the meaning of the word.A.look up B.refer C.consult D.check提示:本句表示“查閱詞典”。而look up的賓語應(yīng)該是所要查找的內(nèi)容，refer后面應(yīng)該跟to，check的意思為“核對”。答案:C2.destroy講： vt.摧毀；毀滅；破壞；(因動物有病或不再需要而)殺死；消滅例:The building was pletely destroyed by fire.這棟建筑物被大火徹底焚毀了。They have destroyed all the evidence.他們銷毀了一切證據(jù)。Heat gradually destroys vitamin C.加熱會逐漸破壞維生素C。You have destroyed my hopes of happiness.你毀掉了我得到幸福的希望。Failure was slowly destroying him(=making him less and less confident and happy).失敗漸漸地把他毀了。The badly injured horse had to be destroyed.這匹馬受了重傷，只好把它殺死了。鏈接提示 destroy一般表示徹底破壞，而damage主要指對局部的破壞，其對象指物較多。動詞ruin也可以指徹底破壞，成為廢墟。練:A big fire_ last night and many houses _in the fire.A.took place;destroyed B.happened;destroyedC.was broken out;were destroyed D.broke out;were destroyed提示:短語break out為不及物動詞，動詞destroy為及物動詞。答案:D3.devotion講： n.U深愛；摯愛；獻(xiàn)身；虔誠結(jié)構(gòu):devotion to sb./sth.例:the devotion of parents to their children父母對孩子的摯愛the devotion of too much time to sports花太多時間在運動上devotion to duty忠于職守a teachers devotion to her task教師全心全意投入其工作鏈接提示 devote v. 貢獻(xiàn) devote.to (doing) sth. devoted adj. 忠實的 be devoted to sb.對某人忠實練:He failed again.The _of too much time to puter games leaves too little time for studying.A.use B.cost C.devotion D.expense提示:根據(jù)句子的意思和名詞與后面介詞to的搭配，此處應(yīng)用devotion。答案:C短語1.lay off講：該短語為及物動動詞短語，表示“讓某人停止做某事；別再打擾；(因工作不多而)解雇”。例:Lay me off,will youits nothing to do with me.別找我好不好這事與我無關(guān)。I told you to lay off bothering my little brother!我告訴過你別再打擾我弟弟！I think youd better lay off fatty foods for a while.我認(rèn)為你最好暫時別吃油膩的食物。The pany laid off 200 workers due to the poor economy.因為經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣，這個公司解雇了200名工人。鏈接提示 (1)lay sth. aside 把放在一邊（或擱置一旁）。He laid aside his book and stood up.他把書放在一邊站了起來。Doctors have to lay their personal feelings aside.醫(yī)生不得不把個人感情置之度外。(2)lay sth. down 放下；停止；中斷（工作）；辭（職）；放棄 Both sides were urged to lay down their arms(=stop fighting).雙方都被敦促放下武器。練:_him! Cant you see hes badly hurt?A.Lay off B.Lay aside C.Lay down D.Lay about提示:本句話的意思為:別碰他！你沒看見他傷得很厲害嗎？此處用lay off表示“別再打擾；別再做”。答案:A2.make matters worse講:該短語的意思為“更糟糕的是”，用作謂語，而to make matters worse用作狀語。例:Her attempts to calm them down only made matters worse.她設(shè)法讓他們平靜下來，不想?yún)s適得其反。Dont do that.It will only make matters worse.不要那樣做，那只會使情況變得更糟。It got dark,to make matters worse,it began to rain.天黑了，更糟的是，開始下起雨來。鏈接提示 (1)make matters worse=what is worse=worse still (2) go from bad to worse每況愈下 In some countries,economic conditions are going from bad to worse. 在有些國家，經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況越來越糟。練:（xx湖北八校聯(lián)考） They lost their way in the forest,and_.Which of the following is wrong?A.what made matters worse was that night began to fallB.what was worse,it was getting darkC.to make matters worse that night was fallingD.worse still,night had fallen提示:本題考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)。and連接前后兩個并列成分， 而C項為動詞不定式。答案:C句型as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句講:請觀察下面教材原句:If low-ine families cannot afford to purchase medical insurance,as was the case with Wang Lin,other measures to reduce poverty will not succeed.假如低收入家庭買不起醫(yī)療保險，正如王林的情況那樣，那么其他脫貧的措施是不能成功的。as在這里是關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾前面整個句子。關(guān)系代詞which也有此用法，它們的區(qū)別是:(1)which的先行詞可以是單個名詞，而as的先行詞多為整個句子。(2)若主句與從句的內(nèi)容不一致，或從句對主句內(nèi)容起反對、排斥、否定等作用時，多用which;而as只能用于主句和從句內(nèi)容一致時。(3)as引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以放在句首，而which不可以。例:The meeting,which was held in the park,was a success.在公園里召開的這次會議很成功。The meeting was a success,as was expected.正如所預(yù)期的那樣，會議開得很成功。She has married again,as was expected.她又結(jié)婚了，這是大家意料之中的事。She has married again,which was unexpected.她又結(jié)婚了，真沒想到。He came late for class today,which/as is often the case.=As is often the case,he was late for school.和平時一樣，他今天上課又遲到了。鏈接提示 在選擇as還是which時，可以從句子的意思上分析，as表示“正如”。練:(1)These countries will join one another against terrorism,_was agreed to at the international conference.A.as B.who C.that D.what提示:本題考查定語從句引導(dǎo)詞的用法。首先這里為非限制性定語從句，另外引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)該表示前面一句話的意思，所以使用as引導(dǎo)定語從句，表示“正如”的意思。答案:A(2)(xx江西南昌調(diào)研) The explosion,_all newspapers showed,claimed more than 100 people.A.which B.where C.as D.what提示:從句子的意思”正如所有報紙報道的那樣”得出答案，as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，表示“正如”。which雖然也能用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，但它指的是前面一句話的意思，不能表示“正如”。答案:C辨析1.as a result(of),result from,result inas a result為介詞短語，單獨使用，作狀語，表示“結(jié)果”的意思，as a result of后面跟名詞，表示“由于的原因”。He left school as a result of his fathers death.由于父親去世，他離開了學(xué)校。I was late.As a result,I missed my train.我遲到了，結(jié)果誤了火車。result from為動詞短語，表示“因的結(jié)果發(fā)生”。The terrible accident resulted from his carelessness.那樁可怕的事故是由于他粗心引起的。result in 為動詞短語，表示“結(jié)果是”。The talks resulted in reducing the number of the cars.談判的結(jié)果是減少汽車的數(shù)量。即時練習(xí):(1)Illness often_ poverty.(2)She won the scholarship_ her hard work.(3)Our efforts_ success.答案:(1)results from (2)as a result of (3)resulted in2.as well as,not only.but also.as well as連接并列成分，意思是“不但而且；既又”，和not only.but also.意思相近。但是，as well as強(qiáng)調(diào)的是前面部分，而not only.but also.強(qiáng)調(diào)的是后面部分。另外，還要注意主謂一致，as well as為插入語，主語為其前面的那個詞，而not only.but also.所連接的部分作主語時應(yīng)根據(jù)就近一致的原則。She is kind as well as beautiful.她不僅美麗而且善良。She is not only kind,but also beautiful.她不僅心地善良，長得也很漂亮。即時練習(xí):Some people think_ idioms is of great importance.A.not only grammar but also B.neither grammar norC.not grammar but D.grammar as well as提示:本題考查連詞以及主謂一致的用法。從句子的意思分析，四個選項都能正確地表達(dá)各自的意思，但A、B、C三項中的并列連詞所連接的主語均為后面的名詞idioms，為復(fù)數(shù)形式，均和謂語is不相符合。答案:D誘思：實例點撥【例1】 (xx江西模擬) If you grow up in_ large family,you are more likely to develop _ability to get on well with_ others.A./;an;the B.a;the;/ C.the;an;the D.a;the;the提示:在句中family為可數(shù)名詞，故用a；ability表示特指做具體事的能力，前加the;others相當(dāng)于other people為“其他的人”，the others則為“其他的所有的人”。答案:B講評:這里主要考查冠詞的基本用法,第三處是通過語境得出的答案?！纠?】 (xx福建模擬) Mum is ing.What present_ for your birthday?A.you expect she has got B.you expect has she gotC.do you expect she has got D.do you expect has she got提示:what引導(dǎo)的句子為特殊疑問句，因此，其語序應(yīng)該為疑問性語序。expect引導(dǎo)賓語從句，賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述性語序。答案:C講評:此處應(yīng)該注意do you expect和do you think/believe一樣為插入語。