I.限定用法（定語）a.形容詞(一個字)+名詞1. The old man lived in a small village.2. His elder brother is a famous musician.b.名詞+形容詞(thing, body, one等,兩個字或以上的形容詞片語和子句)1. I want to drink something cold.2. Is there anything interesting in todays paper?3. I dont like riding on trains full of people. ride on train搭乘火車4. He tried to climb a fence two meters high.5. He is a boy (who is) five years old.He is a five-year-old boy.2. 敘述用法（表語）a. 主詞補語1. Sea water tastes salty.2. The rainbow is very beautiful.b. 受詞補語1. Youll find the book difficult.2. I left the windows open. 使開著(adj.)I let the windows be opened. 使被打開(v.)重點a. 只能用限定用法的形容詞(定語形容詞)onlymere 只mainwoodenupper上面的inner 里面的Live/livingdailylone 孤單的,古語1. This is a wooden house.2. He is a mere child. 他不過是孩子b. 只能用敘述用法(表語形容詞)alivealoneafraidasleepawakewellcontentgladaware1. Im afraid of dog.2. The baby is still asleep.3. Are you aware of your mistakes?限定用法和敘述用法意思不同的形容詞1. I met a certain lady. 某一個It is quite certain. 確定2. He is my present assistant. 目前He is present today. 出席 absent缺席3. The late Mr. Smith was an able man. 已故He was late for the meeting. 遲到4. She gave me a fond look. 溫柔的I am very fond of ice cream. 喜歡3. 形容詞的位置：1) 形容詞作定語通常前置，但在下列情況后置：1修飾some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞時nobody absent, everything possible2以-able, -ible結(jié)尾的形容詞可置于有最高級或only修飾的名詞之后the best book available, the only solution possible3alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置the only person awake4和空間、時間、單位連用時a bridge 50 meters long5成對的形容詞可以后置a huge room simple and beautiful6形容詞短語一般后置a man difficult to get on with2) 多個形容詞修飾同一個名詞的順序：代詞數(shù)詞性狀形容詞冠詞前的形容詞冠詞指示代詞不定代詞代詞所有格序數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞性質(zhì)狀態(tài)大小長短形狀新舊溫度顏色國籍產(chǎn)地材料質(zhì)地名詞allbothsuchtheathisanotheryoursecondnextonefourbeautifulgoodpoorlargeshortsquarenewcoolblackyellowChineseLondonsilkstone3) 復(fù)合形容詞的構(gòu)成：1形容詞+名詞+edkind-hearted6名詞+形容詞world-famous2形容詞+形容詞dark-blue7名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞peace-loving3形容詞+現(xiàn)在分詞ordinary-looking8名詞+過去分詞snow-covered4副詞+現(xiàn)在分詞hard-working9數(shù)詞+名詞+edthree-egged5副詞+過去分詞newly-built10數(shù)詞+名詞twenty-year復(fù)合形容詞有下列五類1. 形容詞-連綴動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞a good-looking man形容詞-及物動詞的過去分詞a white-painted wall2. 名詞-現(xiàn)在分詞 (主動)a peace-loving people名詞-過去分詞 (被動)a hand-made cake3. 副詞-現(xiàn)在分詞 (主動)a rapidly-moving tornado副詞-過去分詞 (被動)a well-behaved boybehave vt. 后接修飾詞語使(自己)表現(xiàn)得，使(自己)舉止例句: he behaves himself well.4. 名詞-名詞eda baby-faced girl形容詞-名詞eda open-minded leader5. 數(shù)詞-名詞eda two-headed monstera three-legged tablea second-hand car.three-minute first-class 一流的three-year- oldten-meter-long 4.特別注意的形容詞用法a. 不能以人為主詞的形容詞dangerous, difficult, hard, easy, useful, useless, tough, convenient, important, necessary, regrettable遺憾的, natural, possible貌似這些形容詞都是人做某事才能體現(xiàn)只能用It be 形容詞 for人 to V1. It is necessary for you to see a doctor.2. Is it possible for you to attend the meeting?b. 以人為主詞的形容詞都是與情緒有關(guān)的形容詞angry, ashamed, delighted, disappointed, excited, glad, happy, proud, sorry, thankful1. We were excited about the baseball game.The game was exciting for us.c. The+形容詞1. The rich are not always happy.2. We search for the true, the good, and the beautiful.d. 形容詞的副詞用法1. It is burning hot. 天氣熱的厲害2. It is freezing cold. 3. They were dead asleep. 睡得很熟5.數(shù)量形容詞a. many/much1. do you have many books in your study?2. Theyve spent much money on adverting.否定句中的not many/much 可譯成不太多1. This garden doesnt have many trees.2. My son hasnt made much money.口語中,可用a lot of, lots of, plenty of+可數(shù)/不可數(shù) 代替many/much1. There were a lot of/lots of/plenty of people in the shop.2. She ate a lot of/lots of/plenty of ice cream.A large number of=large numbers of number中文有數(shù)數(shù)的意思,故后接可數(shù)名詞A large amount of=large amount of amount指量,故后接不可數(shù)名詞b. a few/fewa few=somefew=not many(幾乎沒有) 表否定,不可和not同時出現(xiàn)1. There are a few vegetables in the refrigerator.2. Few people were injured in the accident. 幾乎沒有c. a little/littlea little=somelittle=not much幾乎沒有1. I have a little money with me.2. We need little butter to make this cake.3. The little of his work that remains should be done within a today.口語中,可用not many/hardly any代替few可用not much/hardly any代替little1. There were not many/hardly any people in the park.2. There is not much/hardly any danger of an earthquake.d. some/anysome的用法1. 肯定句Some students take lessons in Spanish. 語言前用in2. 表示邀請的疑問句Wont you have some more tea?Any的用法1. 用于疑問句和否定句-Do you have any question?-Yes, I have some questions.-No, I dont have any questions.2.用于表示任何(皆可)之意的肯定句You may come any time.3.用于條件句(if子句)Ask him if you have any doubt.