Unit 13We are trying to save the earth! 1. 不 同 種 類 的 污 染2. 河 底3. 把 垃 圾 扔 到 河 里4. 在 中 起 作 用different kinds of pollutionthe bottle of the riverthrow rubbish into the riverplay a part in I. Check if you know these phrases. 5. 在 中 國 南 部6. 對 有 害7. 在 頂 部8. 海 洋 生 態(tài) 系 統(tǒng)in southern Chinabe harmful to at the top ofthe oceans ecosystem II. Translate the sentences.1. 甚 至 是 河 底 都 滿 是 垃 圾 。2. 這 個 方 法 不 僅 殘 酷 還 對 環(huán) 境 有 害 。Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish.This method is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment. 3. 鯊 魚 處 于 海 洋 食 物 鏈 的 頂 部 。4. 許 多 人 相 信 魚 翅 對 健 康 有 好 處 。Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the oceans ecosystem.A lot of people believe that sharks fins are good for health. take part inaffordturn offreusablepay fortake actiontransportation參加v. 買的起；承擔的起（后果）關掉adj. 可重復使用的付費；付出代價采取行動n. 運輸業(yè)；交通運輸Words Review 辨析：join, join in 和take part in tojoin加入組織，團體，黨派等，有作為其中的一個成員的含義;后面也可以加表示人的名詞，表示和某人一起參加某活動join in 加入一種具體活動。take part in指參加會議或群眾性活動等，著重說明句子主語參加該項活動并在活動中發(fā)揮作用。 Will you join us in the discussion? 你參加我們的討論嗎？ She joined the Young Pioneers. 她加入了少先隊。 Why didnt you join in the talk last night? 昨晚你為什么沒參加座談？Did you take part in the sports meet? 你參加運動會了嗎？ afford是動詞，意為“買得起,擔負得起”，通常與can, could, be able to連用,多用于否定句中。They couldnt afford $50 for a ticket. 他們拿不出50美元買一張票。 afford后面常跟帶to的動詞不定式。We cant afford to go abroad this summer. 今年夏天我們沒有足夠的錢出國。例句：Miss Taylor never wastes money on anything too expensive, even though she can _to. She has donated much of the money she saved to charities. A. afford B. allow C. remind D. payafford Pay attention to the sentences.1. Were trying to save the earth.2. The river used to be so clean.3. The air is badly polluted.4. No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health.5. We should help save the sharks.Present progressiveused toPassive voicePresent perfectModal verbs 現(xiàn) 在 進 行 時 : Present Progressive結 構 : be (am/is/are) + v.-ing標 志 詞 ： Look, Listen, now, right nowe.g. Look! The boy is crying.定 義 ： 表 示 說 話 時 (瞬 間 )正 在 進 行的 動 作 , 也 表 示 目 前 或 現(xiàn) 階段 正 在 進 行 的 動 作 。 used to do sth. 表 示 過 去 常 常 做 某 事 , 而現(xiàn) 在 往 往 不 做 了 , 后 接 動 詞 原 形 。be used to doing sth. 表 示 習 慣 于 做 某 事e.g. I used to get up at six oclock. Joe is used to drinking a cup of coffee every morning.used to do與 be used to doing Translation.1. 她 過 去 常 常 周 末 和 朋 友 閑 逛 。 She used to hang out with friends on weekends.2. 他 習 慣 于 每 天 晚 上 睡 得 很 晚 。 He is used to staying up. 被 動 語 態(tài) ： Passive voice定 義 ： 表 示 主 語 是 動 作 的 承 受 者 ， 即 行 為 動 作 的 對 象 的 一 種 語 態(tài) 。結 構 ： be + 過 去 分 詞e.g. A new school was built last year. Our classroom is cleaned every day. Translate the sentences by using Passive voice.1. 剛 才 一 些 老 年 人 參 觀 了 博 物 館 。2. 工 人 們 使 用 不 同 種 類 的 機 器 工 作 。The museum was visited by some old people just now. Different kinds of machines are used to work by the workers. 結 構 : has/have + 過 去 分 詞標 志 詞 ： already, yet, ever, never, since, fore.g. I havent finished my homework yet.定 義 ： 表 示 動 作 已 經 完 成 , 但 對 現(xiàn) 在 造 成 影 響 ; 或 者 表 示 從 過 去 某 一 時 間 開 始 一 直 延 續(xù) 到 現(xiàn) 在 并 還 可 能 持 續(xù) 下 去 的 動 作 。 現(xiàn) 在 完 成 時 : Present Perfect Complete the following sentences.1. I _ (be) in Beijing for two years.2. I _ never _ (hear) of that man before.3. Tom _ (work) there since two years ago.have beenhave heard has worked 4. The twins _ (wash) the clothes for an hour.5. He _ (play) basketball since three years ago.6. How long _ Sally _ (sing) yet? have washedhas playedhas sung 1. 情 態(tài) 動 詞 本 身 有 一 定 的 詞 義 , 表 示 說 話人 的 情 緒 、 態(tài) 度 或 語 氣 , 但 不 能 單 獨 作謂 語 , 只 能 與 其 他 動 詞 構 成 謂 語 。 常 見的 有 : can (could), may (might), must, need, shall (should), will (would)等 。情 態(tài) 動 詞 2. 情 態(tài) 動 詞 無 人 稱 和 數(shù) 的 變 化 , 后 接 動 詞原 形 。 否 定 式 是 在 情 態(tài) 動 詞 后 面 加 not。 個 別 情 態(tài) 動 詞 有 過 去 式 形 式 , 可 用 來表 達 更 加 客 氣 、 委 婉 的 語 氣 。 e.g. Ken can climb up the tress like a koala. Tracy could ride a bicycle when she was five years old. You mustnt play with fire. It is dangerous. Translation.1. 我 們 不 能 在 教 室 里 吃 東 西 。2. 首 先 你 必 須 完 成 作 業(yè) 。3. 他 現(xiàn) 在 不 可 能 在 家 。4. 她 一 定 知 道 這 個 問 題 的 答 案 。We cant eat in the classroom. You must finish your homework first. He cant be at home now. She must know the answer to this question. 4a Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.Joe: _ you ever _ (take) part in an environmental project ?Eric: Yes, I have. I _ (help) with a Clean-Up Day last year. It was _ (consider) the biggest clean-up project this city _ ever _ (have).Have takenhelpedconsidered hadhad 參 加 Joe: How many people _ (take) part?Eric: I _ (think) more than 1,000 people _ (come) to help out.Joe: Thats fantastic! I guess everyone in this city is _ (try) to improve the environment.Eric: Yes, we cant afford to _ (wait) any longer to take action!tookthinkcametrying waitv. 承 擔 得 起 (后 果 ); 買 得 起 4b Fill in the blanks with the appropriatemodal verbs from the box.People _ think that big things_ be done to save the earth. Many forget that saving the earth begins with small things. For example, you _ savemay/mightmust cancan would couldhave to should mustmay/ might electricity by turning off the lights when you leave a room. You _ also use reusable bags instead of plastic bags. I think its a great idea that you now _ pay for plastic bags in some stores. And instead of driving to school or work, you _ ride your bike or walk. If its far, you _ take the bus. All these could have to can/shouldcan/could 關 掉adj.可 重 復 使 用 的付 費 ;付 出 代 價 small things _ add up and become big things that _ improve the environment. Lets take action now! couldwould/can采 取 行 動 Make a list of things that people can do to help the environment and discuss your list with your partner.4cA: I think that everyone should use public transportation.B: I disagree. Its difficult for parents with young children to use public transportation.use public transportation. Discussing.use public transportationtake your own shopping bags when go shoppingreduce the use of air conditioners in summerturn off the lights when you leave the roomgrow more plants. A: I think that everyone should take your own shopping bags when go shopping.B: I agree. Its good for the environment. A: I think that everyone should reduce the use of air conditioners in summer.B: I disagree. The summer is so hot, especially in south China. Without air conditioners, people may not have the patience to work. A: I think that everyone should turn off the lights when you leave the room.B: I agree. Its good to save energy resources. A: I think that everyone should use public transportation.B: I disagree. Its difficult for parents with young children to use public transportation. A: I think that everyone should grow more plants.B: I agree. Growing more plants will provide us more fresh air and make our planet more beautiful. 練 習 題 情態(tài)動詞練習1.- _ you pass me a pen? Id like to write down the phone number. - Sure. Here it is. A.Can B.Need C.Might D.Must2. - May I go to the cinema, Mum? - Certainly, but you _ be back by 11 oclock. A.can B.may C.must D. need3. You _ worry about me. Its nothing serious. A.cant B.mustnt C. neednt D. wont 4. - Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace? - Sorry, Im not sure. But it _ be. A. might B. mustnt C.cant D.must5. The man in the office _ be Mr.Black, because he went home just now. A.musnt B.may not C.cant D.neednt use to 練習A 她過去常常周末和朋友閑逛。She _ with friends on weekends.B 他習慣于每晚睡得很晚。 He _ at night.C. Ken used to be afraid of dogs.(改為一般疑問句)_?used to hang outis used to sleeping late/ staying upDid Ken use to be afraid of dogs 1. He promised to pick me up at the school gate. However, he _ yet. A. didnt arrive B. doesnt arrive C. isnt arriving D. hasnt arrived2. Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, _ as “Peoples Writer”. A. is regarded B. has regarded C. is regarding D. regardsChoose the best answer. 3. Where is Tom? He _ in his room. A. is reading B. readsC. read D. was reading 4. May I go out now, Dad? No. You _ let your mother know first. A. can B. may C. need D. must 5. Her son _ coke, but now he _ milk.A. used to drink ; is used to drinking B. used to drinking ; drinksC. is used to drinking ; used to drink D. is used to drink ; is drinking 1. (2013江蘇淮安) Its getting dark. Please _ the light. A. turn on B. turn off C. turn down D. turn around2. (2013湖北隨州)How does Jack usually go to work?He _ drive a car, but now he _ there to lose weight.A. used to; is used to walk B. was used to; is used to walkingC. was used to; is used to walk D. used to; is used to walking感悟中考 3. (2013山東棗莊) In the last ten months, September Miracle (奇跡) _on CCTV for more than five times and is popular all over the country. A. has played the piano B. has given out their song disks C .has written songs D. has performed4. (2013廣東) Not only my friends but also I_ interested in football and Messi is our favorite star.A. be B. am C. is D. are 5. (2013湖北宜昌)At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups. More chances _ to students to learn from each other. A. offer B. are offered C. have offered D. are offering 感 悟 中 考 Homework Write an article to show in what way we students can protect the environment.