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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)第一部分教材課文要點(diǎn)Module3TheViolenceofNature夯基提能作業(yè)外研版必修 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 　　閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 (xx課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅲ,C) 　　After years of heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park. Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park. By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves. Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around. The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and elk populations—major food sources(來(lái)源)for the wolf—grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation(植被),which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park’s red foxes, and pletely drove away the park’s beavers. As early as 1966, biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone Park. They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problems. Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets. The government spent nearly 30 years ing up with a plan to reintroduce the wolves. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. Today, the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone. Elk, deer, and coyote populations are down, while beavers and red foxes have made a eback. The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well. 1.What is the text mainly about? A.Wildlife research in the United States. B.Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area. C.The conflict between farmers and gray wolves. D.The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park. 2.What does the underlined word“displaced”in paragraph 2 mean? A.Tested. B.Separated. C.Forced out. D.Tracked down. 3.What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about? A.Damage to local ecology. B.A decline in the park’s ine. C.Preservation of vegetation. D.An increase in the variety of animals. 4.What is the author’s attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf project? A.Doubtful. B.Positive. C.Disapproving. D.Uncaring. Ⅱ.完形填空 　　閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 (xx吉林長(zhǎng)春模擬) 　　Six continuous days of spring rain had created a fierce and rapid river running by Nancy Brown’s farm. As she tried to drive her 　1　to higher ground to escape the disastrous flood, she 　2　and hit her head on a 　3　tree trunk. The fall knocked her 　4　for a moment or two. When she came to, Lizzie, one of her oldest and 　5　cows, was licking her 　6　. The water was constantly 　7　. Nancy got up and began walking 　8　with Lizzie. The water was now waist high. Nancy’s 　9　got slower and slower. Finally, all she could do was throw her arm 　10　Lizzie’s neck and try to 　11　. About 20 minutes later, Lizzie managed to 　12　herself and Nancy out of the rough water and onto a bit of high land, a small island now in the middle of acres of 　13　water. However, even though it was about noon, the sky was so 　14　and the rain and lightning were so bad that it took 　15　another two hours to discover Nancy and her cows. A(n) 　16　lowered a paramedic (醫(yī)務(wù)輔助人員), who 　17　 Nancy to a life-support hoist (吊架). They raised her into the helicopter and took her to the school gym, where the Red Cross had 　18　an emergency shelter. When the flood finally subsided several days later, Nancy immediately 　19　the island. Lizzie was 　20　. She was one of the 19 cows that Nancy lost. “I owe my life to her,” said Nancy sobbingly, knowing Lizzie, which rescued her, left helplessly, leaving her a new hope to live on, for which even thanks seemed “unnecessary”. 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　 1.A.sheep B.cows C.horses D.cattle 2.A.shouted B.stood C.stopped D.slipped 3.A.fallen B.grown C.hidden D.spread 4.A.out B.in C.away D.down 5.A.last B.first C.favorite D.best 6.A.body B.head C.face D.mouth 7.A.increasing B.flowing C.running D.rising 8.A.easily B.slowly C.hardly D.hurriedly 9.A.move B.breath C.pace D.action 10.A.above B.around C.over D.into 11.A.hang on B.hold back C.stretch out D.take off 12.A.pull B.push C.carry D.force 13.A.clean B.blue C.white D.green 14.A.bright B.dark C.clear D.rainy 15.A.rescuers B.villagers C.soldiers D.policemen 16.A.lifeboat B.helicopter C.plane D.ambulance 17.A.sent B.attached C.connected D.dragged 18.A.worked out B.got into C.put down D.set up 19.A.ran out of B.went away from C.went back to D.reached out for 20.A.gone B.existed C.disappeared D.approached Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò) 　　(xx山東淄川中學(xué)月考三) 假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。 修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞; 2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。 I had been dreaming of get my law degree from the London School of Economics.So, I move to London from my home in India.I was excited to live in London because I had heard such many good things about it.Just like as me,people from all over the world were ing to London to study and work.Similar to many other student,I had to get a job while I was in school so that I could pay my books.I ended up work at McDonalds,which I met some customers who didn’t like Indians and treated me badly. So when I finally became lawyer,I chose to help immigrants with his problems. Ⅳ.書面表達(dá) (xx江西師大附中3月模擬) 假設(shè)你是李華,你的英國(guó)朋友Jack對(duì)你們學(xué)校最近開展的“書香校園”活動(dòng)很感興趣。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)給他寫一封信,內(nèi)容包括: 1.“書香校園”活動(dòng)開展的情況; 2.你對(duì)該活動(dòng)的看法。 注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右,開頭和結(jié)尾已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù); 2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。 書香校園:Scholarly Campus Dear Jack, I’m glad that you are interested in the Scholarly Campus activity in our school. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 　　Wish you all the best! Yours, Li Hua 答案精解精析 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是,經(jīng)過(guò)多年的激烈爭(zhēng)論之后,灰狼又回到了黃石國(guó)家公園。 1.D　主旨要義題。文章第一段第一句為文章的主題句,文章圍繞其展開,講述的就是黃石國(guó)家公園再次引入灰狼這件事,故答案選D。 2.C　詞義推斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句和第二句可知,答案選C。灰狼曾經(jīng)在黃石地區(qū)隨處可見,可后來(lái)由于人類的發(fā)展,該種群被漸漸驅(qū)離這里。 3.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可以推斷灰狼的消失對(duì)生態(tài)造成了破壞。 4.B　觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由文章最后一段最后一句話中的a valuable experiment可知,作者覺得這個(gè)項(xiàng)目很有價(jià)值,說(shuō)明作者的態(tài)度是積極的。 Ⅱ.完形填空 [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　大雨夾雜著閃電和雷聲,大白天的就一片漆黑。Nancy帶著她農(nóng)場(chǎng)上的奶牛開始逃跑,一路遇到了艱難和困苦,她和她的牛群能逃出去嗎? 1.B　根據(jù)后文第5空后面的cows可知答案為B項(xiàng),她在把農(nóng)場(chǎng)的奶牛趕往高處。 2.D　根據(jù)情景:她的頭碰在一棵倒下的樹上,所以她是滑倒了,所以答案為D項(xiàng)。 3.A　她的頭碰在一棵倒下的樹的樹干上,a fallen tree一棵倒下的樹。 4.A　她一下子被碰昏了過(guò)去。knock sb. out使不省人事,符合語(yǔ)境。 5.C　當(dāng)她醒過(guò)來(lái)時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的一頭老牛也是最喜愛的(favorite)牛之一Lizzie正在舔她。 6.C　根據(jù)當(dāng)時(shí)的情景可知那頭奶牛正在舔她的臉(face)。其他三項(xiàng)與情景不符。 7.D　水面在不停地上升(rise)。rise vi.指(水面、價(jià)格、氣溫等)往上升。 8.B　她站起來(lái)和那頭老牛慢慢地(slowly)往前走去。根據(jù)情景:她受傷了且水面已經(jīng)到了腰部,只能是慢慢地往前走了。 9.C　走著走著Nancy的步子(pace)越來(lái)越慢了。 10.B　此處表達(dá)的是她把胳膊繞在Lizzie的脖子上,應(yīng)該用介詞around。 11.A　她盡力堅(jiān)持下去。hang on堅(jiān)持下去;緊緊抓住。 12.A　大約20分鐘后,Lizzie設(shè)法把自己和Nancy從水中拖出來(lái),到一塊比較高的地方去。pull sb. out of把某人從……中拖出來(lái)。 13.C　到一個(gè)被白茫茫的(white)水圍著的占地幾畝的小島上去。 14.B　句意:然而,盡管那時(shí)大約是中午時(shí)分,但天太黑(dark),大雨夾雜著閃電……。 15.A　那些營(yíng)救人員(rescuers)又用了兩個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間才找到Nancy和她的牛。 16.B　根據(jù)下一句中的They raised her into the helicopter可知答案為B項(xiàng)。 17.B　那個(gè)醫(yī)務(wù)人員把Nancy綁在一根救生吊架上。attach sb./sth. to把某人/某物系在……上。 18.D　紅十字協(xié)會(huì)在這兒建立了(set up)一個(gè)臨時(shí)救助站。work out解決,計(jì)算出;get into進(jìn)入,陷入,養(yǎng)成;put down放下,記下;set up建立。 19.C　當(dāng)洪水過(guò)去幾天后Nancy立即回到了(go back to)那個(gè)島上,她去那兒找她的老牛。 20.A　那頭叫Lizzie的老牛不見了(gone)。這是她丟失的19頭牛中的一頭。 Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò) 1.第一句:get→getting　考查v.-ing形式作介詞的賓語(yǔ):dream of doing sth.夢(mèng)想做某事。 2.第二句:move→moved　根據(jù)第一句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞had been dreaming和下一句中的was excited可知此處應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 3.第三句:such→so　因?yàn)椤拔摇甭犝f(shuō)了很多關(guān)于倫敦的好的事情。so many +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。 4.第四句:去掉as　考查固定搭配:just like me 就像我一樣,as是多余的。 5.第五句:student→students　根據(jù)many可知,student應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 6.第五句:pay后加for　考查固定搭配。pay for sth.為……付款。 7.第六句:work→working　考查固定搭配:end up doing sth.結(jié)果為……。 8.第六句:which→where　逗號(hào)后是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,該從句中缺少狀語(yǔ),應(yīng)該用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。 9.第七句:became后加a　此處指最后“我成”了一名律師。考查不定冠詞表泛指。 10.第七句:his改為 their　此處指幫助移民解決他們的(their) 問(wèn)題。 Ⅳ.書面表達(dá) One possible version: Dear Jack, I’m glad that you are interested in the Scholarly Campus activity in our school. I’m eager to tell you something about it. Recently our school has held the Scholarly Campus activity with the aim of encouraging us students to read more books. We have conducted several activities, such as holding class meetings about books, opening reading clubs, sharing reading experience and so on. Now the concept of Scholarly Campus is so well-received that you can find students reading books all over the campus. As for me, I’m more than happy to join in the activity. Not only does it arouse students’ interest in reading, but it also cultivates students’ love for knowledge and, more importantly, for life. I’m sure it will bring benefits for students. Wish you all the best! Yours, Li Hua