滬教牛津版八年級下Unit 3 講解及練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)知識：短語1. a kind of. 一種 2.paper cutting 剪紙3.up to到達(dá)（某數(shù)量、程度等）；至多有 4.set off 出發(fā)、動身 5.tie.around 拴.在.的周圍 6.a piece of一片、一條7.up and down起伏、上下波動 8.at the front of 在.的前面9.throw.into 把.扔進(jìn) 10.after dark天黑后、黃昏后11.no more 不再、再也不 12.look up 抬頭看、查詢13.bring up 撫養(yǎng)、養(yǎng)育、教養(yǎng) 14.million of 數(shù)百萬15.make.from.用.做成 16.all the time一直17.turn.into把.變成 18.put on 上演19.cut out 剪成 20.be made of 由.做成21.in the shape of 以.的形狀 22.close to 靠近23.get ones attention得到某人的關(guān)注 24.put up張貼、掛句型1. used to do sth過去常常做某事 2.use sth to do sth 用.去做某事3. be good at doing sth擅長做某事 4.get ready for sth 為.做好準(zhǔn)備5. keep sb/sth adj 使某人/某物. 6. be used to do sth 被用來做某事7. be used to doing sth 習(xí)慣于做某事8. make sb/sth adj 使某人/某物.9. as+adj原級+as 和.一樣語法：被動語態(tài)1.No nets are required for this type of fishing.這種捕魚方式不需要網(wǎng)。2.Cormorant fishing was once pratised in lots of places in South-East China. 曾經(jīng)中國東南部很多地方從事鸕鶿捕魚業(yè).3.A music show will be held in the school hall at 4p.m. on Tuesday, 4 May. 5月4日星期二下午4點，將在學(xué)校大廳舉行音樂表演。說明：句1是一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，句2是一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，句3是一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。英語的語態(tài)有主動和被動兩種：主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。1. 基本構(gòu)成 be+過去分詞 Football is played all over the world. 足球風(fēng)靡世界。 Is it made of bamboo? 它是用竹子做的嗎？2. 基本變法We Visited that factory last summer 主動語態(tài)主語 謂語 賓語 其余部分 That factory was visited by us last summer 被動語態(tài) 主語 謂語 賓語 其余部分賓語提前做主語，主語變?yōu)榻樵~by的賓語，謂語變?yōu)閎e+過去分詞，時態(tài)根據(jù)主動語態(tài)來確定。3. 省去by的幾個條件(1) 不知道、沒必要或不想說出動作的執(zhí)行者。 Rice is grown well there.(2) 強調(diào)說明動作的承受者 I was sent to teach them English.(3) 漢語中有“據(jù)說、大家說”等 It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house. 4. 各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)(1) 一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài) am/is/are+過去分詞 I am often given gifts by Tom. The things on show are all made in China. Is the room cleaned everyday?(2) 一般過去時的被動語態(tài) was/were+過去分詞 Jim was asked to go there. The visitors were stopped from leaving the top of the mountain by the heavy snow.(3)一般將來時的被動語態(tài) will be+過去分詞或者am/is/are+過去分詞Lots of trees will be planted on the hill next year.The children wont be allowed to go out at night.Is the bridge going to be built by the workers next year?5.特殊情況：復(fù)合賓語的被動語態(tài) 感官動詞和使役動詞在主動句中，其后的動詞不定式不帶to，但變被動句時必須加上to. 主動：The boss made her work for 10 hours a day. 被動：she was made to work for 10 hours a day. 練習(xí)：1. -Didnt you see the sigh “No Parking!” on the right? -Sorry, I didnt. But now I know parking _ here.A.wasnt allowed B.isnt allowed C.wont allow D.doesnt allow2.Annie _ to the party. She had a wonderful time with us.A.invites B.is invited C.was invited D.has invited3.-A new park _ in our hometown next year. -Really? Our hometown must be more beautiful.A.will build B.will be built C.is built4.-Excuse me, Im looking for Be the Best of Yourself. -Sorry. The book you ask for is _ out.A.is selling out C.is sold C.was selling D.will be sold5. Each year quite a lot of food _ around the world. Its really time for us to do something.A.was wasted B.is wasted C.wasted D.will be wasted6.Flowers _ along the road last year.A.plant B.planted C.are planted D.were planted7. It is said a new museum _ in our city next year.A.builds B.is building C.will be built D.was built8.-Does she like singing English songs? -Yes, she_ to sing English songs in her room.A.often does B.is often heard C.often hears D.often heard練習(xí)：一、根據(jù)提示完成單詞1. What does your mother look like? Can you d_ her?2. Tom often takes exercise, so he is very f_.3. You need a pair of s_ to make paper cuttings.4. The flight will r_ Beijing at 9:00. Lets pick her up at the airport.5. My grandfather is a f_. He makes a living by fishing.2、 用所給詞語的適當(dāng)形式填空6. Tom often practises _ (speak) Chinese with his friend.7. There are two _(fisherman) on the boat.8. Glass is _(made) into bottles.9. Young trees require _(plant) in Spring.10. I like the kite very much. Its very _(love).3、 單選11. Half an hour _ , they returned school.A.late B.after C.later D.in 12.-Frog, Moyans novel, please. -Sorry, it_ just now. But it will come out again soon.A.had been sold out B.is sold out C.has sold out D.was sold out13. Today, the forests have almost gone; we must stop people _ down too many trees.A.to cut B.cut C.from cutting D.from cut14. _ people come to Jilin to visit Mount Changbai every year.A. Millions of B. Million of C. Millions D. Million 15. I know _ about Japanese. You may go and ask him.A.a few B.few C.a little D.little16.-Your classroom is really bright and clean. -It_ after school every day.A.is cleaned B.cleaned C.was cleaned D.cleans17.-How soon _ all the work_? -In a week. A.will;finish B.is;going to finish C.will;be finished D.are;going to be finished18. -The bed looks very nice. Whats it made _? -Wood, and it is made _ Shanghai. A.from;in B.of;in C.from;on D.of;at19. -Look at the _,madam. The red skirt is smaller than the blue one. -Yeah. The read one suits me better, I think. A.colour B.size D.weight D.price20. Uncle Wang used to _ a newspaper at home after supper. But now he is used to _ out for a walk. A.read;go B.reading;go C.reading;going D.read;going4、 完形填空 Kites are made of thin sticks and paper. Most people have seen a kite ride and dip (上下翻飛) in a strong March _21_ or have flown _22_. But not so many people know that the Chinese were making and flying kites even _23_ people were writing.A long time passed, the Chinese made kites to _24_ in wars. They would fly these war kites at night. The kites were fixed _25_ they made strange sounds. The enemies (敵人) were _26_ and ran away. They _27_ those strange sounds were made by spirits in the sky.The Chinese people also flew kites to _28_ good luck and to make their _29_ rich and tall. Sometimes they would fly the kites _30_ water, pulling hooks (鉤子) hung down to catch fish.( ) 21. A. rain B. wind C. clouds D. snow( ) 22. A. one B. it C. that D. them( ) 23. A. until B. because C. while D. before( ) 24. A. play B. move C. use D. put( ) 25. A. so that B. or C. but D. though( ) 26. A. fearless B. wounded C. frightened D. horrible( ) 27. A. saw B. found C. decided D. thought( ) 28. A. put B. bring C. take D. find( ) 29. A. families B. crops C. villages D. Lives( ) 30. A. over B. in C. on D. Towards5、 閱讀Should calligraphy (書法) be taught at school? Although in an information age, most things can be found or done on the computer, we should go back to handwriting by using a brush and ink. Some people think students should study calligraphy at school. Calligraphy is part of our old culture. It dates back to early times. Traditional calligraphy is well worth learning. The Chinese need to carry on with it. Whats more, calligraphy is fine art, more than writing. Written Chinese is well known for its beauty. For example, every stroke (筆畫) of a character shows richness, feeling, energy and so on. Even foreigners enjoy looking at it for its beauty. If you are good at it, it is certainly a way of self-cultivation (自我陶冶). It often helps build up ones personality. Are you going to learn it soon?( )31. Our time is called an information age. ( )32. Calligraphy is part of Chinese culture. ( )33. There is nothing in Chinese writing. ( )34. Only foreigners enjoy the beauty of calligraphy. ( )35. The writer thinks that calligraphy should be taught at school6、 句型轉(zhuǎn)換36. He didnt go for a walk after dinner anymore.(改為同義句)He _ _ went for a walk after dinner.37. I know him, but I dont know where he lives.(改為同義句)_ know him, I dont know where he lives.38. Ill call you as soon as I arrive in HK.(改為同義句) Ill call you as soon as _ HK.39. When did he set out last night?(改為同義句)When did he _ _ last night?40. She put the camera on the bed just now. (改為被動語態(tài)) The camera _ _ on the bed by her just now.第 5 頁