2019年高考總復(fù)習(xí) 語言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí) 考點(diǎn)歸納拓展 Module 5 The Great Sports Personality 外研版必修5perform vi.表現(xiàn)；性能(如何)vt.履行；執(zhí)行；演出經(jīng)典例句But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test.(xx北京閱讀理解D) 但是那些經(jīng)常同時(shí)處理許多件事的人被發(fā)現(xiàn)在實(shí)際的多重任務(wù)處理測(cè)試中表現(xiàn)地最差。(1)perform the role of扮演角色perform a. role in在中起作用perform an operation 進(jìn)行手術(shù)perform ones duty/promise 盡責(zé)任/履行承諾(2)performance n. 執(zhí)行；表演；履行put on/give a performance 表演Once performed, the works of Beethoven must attract all the people present at the concert.一旦演出，貝多芬的作品一定會(huì)吸引所有出席音樂會(huì)的人。As everyone knows, she _ in our organization.大家都知道，她在我們的組織中發(fā)揮著重要的作用。Her performance at yesterdays concert was beyond pare.她在昨天音樂會(huì)中的表演精彩絕倫。答案performs an important roleguarantee vt.保證；擔(dān)保；為擔(dān)保n.保證；擔(dān)保經(jīng)典例句Consistent, hard work wont guarantee you the level of success you may want, but it will guarantee that you will bee really good at whatever it is you put all that work into.(xx廣東閱讀理解B)始終如一的努力工作雖然不能保證你獲得你期望的那么大的成功，但它能保證你精通于你所從事的為之付出心血的事情。(1)guarantee to do sth/that.保證/擔(dān)保做某事；確保guarantee sb sth保證某人某事be guaranteed to do sth 肯定會(huì)做某事(2)give sb a guarantee (that). 向某人保證under guarantee 在保修期內(nèi)If you yell at him, hes guaranteed to do the opposite of what you want.如果你向他大喊大叫，他肯定會(huì)跟你對(duì)著干。Can you give me a guarantee that the work will be finished on time?你能向我保證工作會(huì)按時(shí)完成嗎？The LCD television doesnt work；its still _.這臺(tái)液晶電視壞了，它仍在保修期內(nèi)。答案under guarantee語境巧記The puter is guaranteed for a year. That is to say, it has a years guarantee, so it is still under guarantee now.這臺(tái)電腦保質(zhì)期一年，也就是說，它有一年的保質(zhì)期，因此現(xiàn)在還在保修期內(nèi)。declare v宣告，宣布，宣稱；聲明經(jīng)典例句Some scientists declare that most of our fatigue es from our mental and emotional(情感的)attitudes.(xx遼寧閱讀理解C)一些科學(xué)家宣稱我們的大部分疲勞來自我們的精神和情感態(tài)度。declare sb/sth to be宣布某人或某事declare for/against 表示贊成/反對(duì)declare war (on/against) (向)宣戰(zhàn)declare sth open/closed 宣布開始/結(jié)束The accused man was declared(to be) innocent by the court.法庭宣布被告無罪。The chairman _； all of us present cheered.主席宣布儀式開幕時(shí)，我們?cè)趫?chǎng)的所有人都?xì)g呼雀躍。答案declared the ceremony open【易混辨析】 declare，announcedeclare指公開、正式、鄭重地“宣布、聲明(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、和平、判決、意見等)”，含有十分肯定之意announce指首次公開“宣布、宣告”一件令人關(guān)心或感興趣的事情，一般帶有預(yù)告的性質(zhì)The secretary _ to the public that the result of election would be _ soon.答案announced；declared集 訓(xùn) 中 心.單詞拼寫1We cannot g_the punctual arrival of trains in foggy weather.2We have time and time again d_that we will never be the first to use nuclear weapons.3We should keep the fine q_of the working people.4Yi Jianlians s_ is now well into double figures in the match.5He works day and night to earn enough money to _(購(gòu)買)a house.6Their football team _(表現(xiàn))very well in the match yesterday.7He has been living here since he _(退休)at the age of 60.8Although the boxers were _(競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手)in the ring，they were really good friends.答案1.guarantee2.declared3.qualities4.score5.purchase6.performed7.retired8petitors.單項(xiàng)填空1(xx浙江卷)Your _ as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.Aoperation BGrowth Cperformance Dcharacter答案C考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為學(xué)生，如果你養(yǎng)成對(duì)自己的學(xué)習(xí)方法進(jìn)行反思的習(xí)慣，你的表現(xiàn)將會(huì)非常出色。performance“表現(xiàn)”。operation“手術(shù)；操作”；growth“成長(zhǎng)”；character“個(gè)性”。根據(jù)句意可知選C項(xiàng)。2(xx江西重點(diǎn)中學(xué)盟校高三第一次聯(lián)考)Working hard is not a _ of great success, but it is among the essential requirements.Asign Bsignal Cguarantee Dmark答案C考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：勤奮工作不能保證你一定會(huì)取得巨大的成功，但它是取得成功的必要條件之一。由句意可知選guarantee“保證”。3The visitor declared himself _.Asatisfying BsatisfiedCbeing satisfied Dbeing satisfying答案B考查“declare反身代詞形容詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：那位游客聲稱他很滿意。所以用satisfied而不用satisfying (令人滿意的)。核 心 短 語on the increase正在增加經(jīng)典例句Thanks to the Partys leadership, peoples ines are on the increase.多虧黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，人民的收入正在增加。increase by倍數(shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)，表示增加了increase to增長(zhǎng)后的數(shù)字，表示增加到The population of this city has increased to 12 million.該市人口已增長(zhǎng)到1 200萬。Emissions of carbon dioxide will _ around 5% by 2030.到2030年前，二氧化碳的排放量將會(huì)增多大約5%。答案increase by【知識(shí)鏈接】increase to. 表示“增加到”； increase by. 表示“增加了多大幅度”。有類似用法的動(dòng)詞還有：reduce，decline，drop等。rise to ones feet站起身經(jīng)典例句It is good manners for students to rise to their feet when their teacher enters the classroom.老師進(jìn)教室的時(shí)候?qū)W生站起來是有禮貌的行為。struggle to ones feet掙扎著站起來on foot 站著，步行jump to ones feet 跳起來set foot in/on 進(jìn)入，踏上；涉足于The old man struggled to his feet，staggering out of the room.這個(gè)老人努力地站起來，搖搖晃晃地走出了屋子。He _ when he heard the bell ringing.他聽到鈴響就跳了起來。答案jumped to his feet集 訓(xùn) 中 心.完成句子1_ tigers has reduced abruptly in the last fifty years.在過去的五十年里，老虎的數(shù)目銳減。2The technical cooperation and cultural exchanges between the two countries _.兩國(guó)之間的技術(shù)合作和文化交流正在與日俱增。3_ class time，or you will miss what the teacher says.利用好課堂上的時(shí)間，要不然你會(huì)錯(cuò)過老師講的內(nèi)容。4_ whether we accept the present or not.要不要這份禮物由你決定。5I saw two boys _ at the same time to answer the question.我看見兩個(gè)男孩同時(shí)站起來回答問題。答案1.The number of2.are daily on the increase3Take advantage of4.Its up to you5.rising to their feet.單項(xiàng)填空1(xx泰安高三模擬)Because of poverty and wars, crime in Africa is _， even worse than before.Ain the progress Bin progressCon the increase Don increase答案C句意：由于貧困和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，非洲的犯罪正在增加，甚至超出了以往任何時(shí)期。2As the leader es into the stadium to run the last few metres of the 42kilometre race，the crowd _ toits feet to shout and cheer.Araises Brises Clifts Dincreases答案B句意：當(dāng)領(lǐng)先的運(yùn)動(dòng)員進(jìn)入體育館來跑那全程42公里的最后幾米時(shí)，全場(chǎng)觀眾都站起身來向他歡呼喝彩。rise to ones feet站起身來，符合句意。其他三項(xiàng)都不與ones feet搭配。.單句改錯(cuò)1There are score of people there，maybe eighty or more._.2The members of the association have decreased by three hundred._.答案1.scorescores2.byto核 心 句 型If you go into a school or university anywhere，the chances are you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo.如果你走進(jìn)任何一個(gè)地方的中學(xué)或大學(xué)校園，都有可能看到身穿印有那個(gè)熟悉標(biāo)志的李寧運(yùn)動(dòng)服的學(xué)生們。(the)chances are(that).意為“很可能”，句型中的the和that都可省略，that引導(dǎo)表語從句。表達(dá)此意時(shí)還可用there is a chance that.，that后面跟同位語從句。There is a chance that I will see him these days.這幾天我有可能見到他。theres no chancetake a chance/chances冒險(xiǎn)；碰運(yùn)氣by chance/accident偶然；碰巧You should never take chances when driving a car.開車時(shí)決不應(yīng)冒險(xiǎn)。_ he will change his mind.他不可能改變主意。答案There is no chance that集 訓(xùn) 中 心.完成句子1People cant get succeed _absolutely.人若想完全靠運(yùn)氣成功那是不可能的。2Chances _ he will e today.可能他今天來。答案1.by chance/accident2.are that.單項(xiàng)填空1There is much chance _ Bill will _ from his injury in time for the race.Athat；recover Bwhich；recoverCthat；relieve Dwhich；relieve答案A第一個(gè)空應(yīng)填一個(gè)引導(dǎo)同位語從句的連詞，進(jìn)一步說明chance(可能性)的內(nèi)容，根據(jù)后半句判斷，意義已完整，所以選that；relieve意為“緩和；減輕”，不合句意；recover意為“恢復(fù)(健康)”，符合句意。2Tom, I havent received the photos taken at our party.I _ the photos! I emailed them to you last night.Ahad sent Bwill sendCdo send Ddid send答案D考查強(qiáng)調(diào)的用法和時(shí)態(tài)。從答語后一句可知答話者確實(shí)把照片發(fā)送給了對(duì)方，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)后一句的時(shí)態(tài)可以判定前一句應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，故答案為D。3(xx河北五校高三聯(lián)盟調(diào)研)Who is making so much noise in the garden? _ the children.AIt is BThey areCThat is DThere are答案A考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。此句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的省略形式，原句應(yīng)為：It is the children that are making so much noise in the garden.單 元 語 法復(fù)習(xí)狀語從句1(xx瀘洲一診)_， Oscar still thought he had a long way to go in filmmaking industry.ATry as he might BAs he might tryCTry although he might DThough might he try答案A句意：無論怎樣努力，Oscar仍然認(rèn)為在電影行業(yè)他還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。此處as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，應(yīng)用倒裝句。2(xx寧夏銀川一中高三二模)I was buried in reading Pride and Prejudice the whole day. Its ages _ I enjoyed myself so much.Aafter Bbefore Cwhen Dsince答案D句意：我整天都在讀傲慢與偏見，我已經(jīng)有好幾年沒有這么快樂了。此處由since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，根據(jù)句意選D。3(xx山東四市聯(lián)考)I had such a wonderful time _ I visited my friends in London last summer.Awhen Bthat Cwhich Das答案A句意：去年夏天我在倫敦拜訪我的朋友們時(shí)，感到很快樂。此處由when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。注意，本句不是such.that.的結(jié)構(gòu)。4(xx烏魯木齊市第一中學(xué)二診) _ the Internet is of great help, I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it.AIf BAs CBecause DWhile答案D句意：盡管因特網(wǎng)很有幫助，但我認(rèn)為花太多的時(shí)間在上面不是一個(gè)好的主意。 此處while意為“盡管，雖然”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。