The Object Clause賓 語 從 句 The object clause賓 語 從 句定 義 ： 復(fù) 合 句 中 ， 放 在 動(dòng) 詞 或介 詞 后 充 當(dāng) 賓 語 的 句 子 叫 賓語 從 句 。e.g. Could you please tell me what we need to buy? Studying aims 1. understand the meaning of the object clause. 2.grasp it and use it correctly. 賓語從句三要素： 一、引導(dǎo)詞 二、陳述語序 三、時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng) 一、引導(dǎo)詞賓語從句根據(jù)引導(dǎo)詞的不同可分為三種類型：（看從句）從句是陳述句 (口語中常省略）從句是一般疑問句從句是特殊疑問句We know that we should learn from each other.Please tell me if/whether you have been to America. that - if/whether（是否）- wh/how(即特殊疑問詞)-Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? If/whether（是否）的區(qū)別一般情況下，if 和whether可以互換，但以下4種情況只能用whether： 在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasnt been decided. 在介詞后：It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain. 與or not連用：They are talking about whether to go there or not. 做主語從句(用在句首)：Whether he is right isnt important. 主語 從句是特殊疑問句, 當(dāng)主句的主語或賓語與從句主語是一致, 可簡(jiǎn)化成: 疑問詞+to do.Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office？Can you tell me how to get to the nearest post office？ 填寫合適的引導(dǎo)詞 1. Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C. when D. that 2. I dont know _ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where 3. I hardly understand _ he has told me. A. that B. what C. which D. who 4. He asked me _told me the accident. A whom B which C who D whose 5. He asked his friend _ to go there or not. A. if B whether C. what D. that CC BB B 二、語序 陳述句語序即：連詞主語謂語動(dòng)詞陳述句變?yōu)橘e語從句，語序不變，即仍用陳述語序。如：He is an honest boy. We know. We know（that）he is an honest boy. 練一練1.This is a book.2.You like singing.3.He worked last night.4.They will go home.5.Jim has been to Beijing.6.She sings well.用以下開頭與下列句子連成賓語從句:1. I know 2. She says 3. Tell your friend （that） 二、語序 Does he work hard？I wonder.I wonder if he works hard.或I wonder whether he works hard.When did he leave？I dont know. I dont know when he left.陳述句語序即：連詞主語謂語動(dòng)詞陳述句變?yōu)橘e語從句，語序不變，即仍用陳述語序。如：He is an honest boy. We know.We know（that）he is an honest boy.一般疑問句和特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語從句，語序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序。如：Whats the matter?(怎么了?)等,在作賓語從句時(shí),語序不變.如: Could you tell me whats the matter? 可以告訴我怎么了嗎? 下列賓語叢句的語序是否正確。 I think that he will come to China next year. I want to know if he was at home yesterday. Can you tell me where does your mother work? Do you know who can answer the question?1. Please tell us where is the hospital? your mother works the hospital is 練一練1.Is he reading ?2.Do you get up at six?3.Does Tom work hard?4.Did you watch TV ?5.Will they read books ?6.Can you sing ?用 以 下 開 頭 與 下 列 句 子 連 成 賓 語 從 句 :1.Do you know 2.I want to know 3.The teacher asks if/whether 三、時(shí)態(tài) 如果主句是現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。如：I have heard（that）he _(come) back next week.如果主句是過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，那么從句的時(shí)態(tài)一定要用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。（看主句）注意：如果賓語從句表述的是客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象等時(shí)，不管主句是什么時(shí)態(tài)，從句都要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。We wonder when he _(start) learning English.He told me he _(can) swim.couldstartedwill comeThe teacher asked him what he _(do) at seven yesterday.was doingMy friend asked me when I _ (leave) for Beijing. would leave或 was leaving He told me that he _(be) to Shanghai twice.had beenCould you tell me how he _(go) to school every day?goesCould you tell me+賓語從句？表達(dá)的是委婉的語氣，是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 e.g. The teacher said the sun rises in the east.2. She said light travels faster than sound.3. He said the earth is round.4. She said the earth goes around the sun.5. He said three quarters of the earth is covered with the water. 時(shí)態(tài)練習(xí)1 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take Mary said that she _ to Guangzhou. A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been3Could you tell me whether they_ dictation(聽寫)today. A. had B. has . C. will have D. are4 She asked Linda if_ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may5 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. traveled B. has traveled C. travels D. had traveledAD CBC 其它問題 did sheI dont think he is serious,_?is heI believe he can finish it on time, _?cant he否定的轉(zhuǎn)移： 當(dāng)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是think, believe, guess, suppose等詞 時(shí)，其后面的賓語從句的否定應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上。如： I dont think he is right. 我認(rèn)為他不對(duì)。附加疑問句（反意疑問句）：1. 一般根據(jù)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞判斷： 如：She didnt say that he would come here, _? 2.當(dāng)主句主語為I（我），主句動(dòng)詞為suppose, believe，think等，則根據(jù)從句判斷，但肯、否定形式根據(jù)主句判斷：標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的確定：帶有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)取決于主句。主句是 陳述句: . He asked me where I went just now. 問句： ？ Do you know when hell be back? 綜合練習(xí) 1. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. A. that B. how C. what D. if 2. -I dont know _ Mr. Green will come to see us. -He will help us with our English. A. why B. when C. how D. where 3. -We never know _ the old man is.-They say he is a teacher. A. what B. who C. which D. where 4. -Do you know _ ? Im going to see him. -Sorry, I dont know. A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived 5. I dont feel very well. Mum asked me _ this morning. A. what the matter is B. what is wrong C. what the matter was D. what was the matter 6. -Where is Jack? -He is away to spend his holiday. Hes gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but Im not sure _ . A. that B. which C. where D. there AA D DCC誰動(dòng)了我的奶酪 1.我不知道飛機(jī)為什么晚點(diǎn)了.I didnt know_the plane_ _. 2.他問我會(huì)議什么時(shí)候開始.He asked me _the meeting _ _.3.沒人知道他是什么時(shí)候出生的.No one knows _he _ _.4.老師告訴學(xué)生們太陽比月亮大The teacher told his students the sun _ _than the moon.5.我不能肯定他來還是不來.Im not sure _ he _ _ or not. why was latewhen would beginwhen was born is biggerwhether will comeFill in the blanks. 賓語從句三注意：一、引導(dǎo)詞 if/whether區(qū)別 特殊疑問句的簡(jiǎn)化：疑問詞+to do二、語序 what is the matter?（怎么了？）語序不變?nèi)?、時(shí)態(tài)如賓語從句表客觀真理或自然現(xiàn)象 ,仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) Could you tell me? 否定轉(zhuǎn)移在think , believe , suppose,imagine等動(dòng)詞所跟的賓語中，如果從句謂語是否定的，一般要將否定詞not轉(zhuǎn)移至主句謂語上去，而將從句謂語改為肯定形式。如： I dont think he has time to play with girl. 我認(rèn)為他沒時(shí)間和女孩玩。 Summary Homework Review the points of this part. Thanks