走向高考 英語,第一部分,微專題強化練,二 語法填空,第一部分,考 向 分 析,考 題 引 路,強 化 訓(xùn) 練,2,3,1,(一) (2015課標全國) The adobe dwellings(土坯房)_1_(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even_2_most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their_3_(able) to “air condition” a house without_4_(use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat_5_(slow)during cool nights，thus warming the house.,When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough_6_(cool) the house during the hot day；_7_the same time，they warm up again for the night.This cycle_8_(go) day after day：The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As_9_(nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly_10_thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._,1立意與點撥：考查非謂語動詞。 答案：built 該句中已有謂語動詞are admired，故此處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞。build和其邏輯主語theadobe dwellings之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，空格后的by引出了動作的發(fā)出者，故用build的過去分詞形式built，作后置定語。 2立意與點撥：考查冠詞。 答案：the 根據(jù)空后的最高級標志詞most可知此處填定冠詞the。句意為：由美國西南部的普韋布洛印第安人建造的土坯房受到了最前衛(wèi)的建筑師和工程師的青睞。,3立意與點撥：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。 答案：ability 空格前有作定語的形容詞性物主代詞their修飾，所以用able的名詞形式ability，意為“能力”。句意為：除了樸素之美以外，這些土坯房令人贊嘆之處是這些房子不使用電氣設(shè)備而自動進行空氣調(diào)節(jié)的能力。 4立意與點撥：考查非謂語動詞。 答案：using without為介詞，故此處用動詞的ing形式。 5立意與點撥：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。 答案：slowly 修飾動詞短語give out要用slow的副詞形式slowly。句意為：土坯做的墻在炎熱的白天里吸收了太陽的熱量，在涼爽的夜晚再把熱量緩慢地釋放出來，這樣就使房子變得溫暖。,6立意與點撥：考查非謂語動詞。 答案：to cool 此處用作目的狀語，要用動詞不定式。 7立意與點撥：考查介詞。 答案：at at the same time是固定詞組，意為“與此同時”。 8立意與點撥：考查動詞時態(tài)。 答案：goes 根據(jù)上下文時態(tài)，可知此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。,9立意與點撥：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。 答案：natural 名詞architects前應(yīng)用形容詞作定語來修飾。 10立意與點撥：考查名詞性從句。 答案：how 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和空格后的形容詞thick可知，此處應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)賓語從句，表示要弄清楚到底土坯房的墻需要多厚。,(二) (2014課標全國) Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix? In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland，Ohio.It _1_(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.The river was so polluted that it_2_(actual) caught fire and burned.Now，years later，this river is one of_3_most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.,But the river wasnt changed in a few days _4_ even a few months.It took years of work _5_ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is _6_ (clean) than ever. Maybe you are facing an impossible situation.Maybe you have a habit _7_ is driving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use.When you face such an impossible situation，dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?,While there are_8_(amaze) stories of instant transformation，for most of us the _9_ (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be _10_ (patience) 1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._,1立意與點撥：考查主謂一致及時態(tài)。 答案：was 根據(jù)本段第一句In 1969，the pollution was terrible.可知，本段敘述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，因此用一般過去時。由于主語是It，因此謂語用was。句意為：當時很難想象這條河能夠被清理干凈。 2立意與點撥：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。 答案：actually 本空修飾動詞caught和burned，作狀語，應(yīng)用副詞形式。故填actually。句意為：河水污染嚴重到河面真的著火并燃燒起來。,3立意與點撥：考查冠詞。 答案：the 此空后面的most outstanding是形容詞最高級的形式，由于形容詞的最高級與定冠詞連用，故填定冠詞the。句意為：多年后的今天，這條河流成為了環(huán)境清理最杰出的案例之一。 4立意與點撥：考查連詞。 答案：or 句意為：但是，河水不是在幾天或是幾個月內(nèi)變清澈的。本空前后為選擇關(guān)系，都是指一段時間，且用于否定句中，故填or。,5立意與點撥：考查非謂語動詞在固定句式中的運用。 答案：to reduce “It takes/took一段時間to do sth.”為固定句型，意為“做某事花費時間”。故填to reduce。句意為：減少工業(yè)污染、清理河道花了數(shù)年時間。 6立意與點撥：考查形容詞的比較級。 答案：cleaner 句意為：終于，努力有了回報，現(xiàn)在的河水比以前干凈了?！氨容^級than.”為比較級的固定結(jié)構(gòu)。故填cleaner。,7立意與點撥：考查定語從句的關(guān)系詞。 答案：that/which設(shè)空處為定語從句的關(guān)系詞，在從句中作主語，先行詞為habit。當先行詞是物時，定語從句可以用that或者which引導(dǎo)。句意為：或許你有一個能使家人抓狂的習(xí)慣。 8立意與點撥：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。 答案：amazing 由提示詞amaze轉(zhuǎn)化的形容詞amazing常修飾事物，而amazed常用來修飾人。根據(jù)此空后的名詞stories可知此處修飾事物，說明應(yīng)該用amazing。句意為：盡管有很多迅速改變的驚人事例，但是對于我們大多數(shù)人來說，變化是循序漸進的，并且也是需要很多的努力和工作的,9立意與點撥：考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)變化。 答案：changes 本句中謂語部分是are和require，說明主語應(yīng)該是一個復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞，所以使用changes。句意見上題解析。 10立意與點撥：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。 答案：patient 空前有系動詞be，因此要用提示詞的形容詞形式作表語，所以填patient。句意為：只要耐心點就好。,1忽視語境 典例1 (2015課標全國)A few hours _，Id been at home in Hong Kong，with its choking smoke. 易錯警示：忽視空后的Id been，學(xué)生極易誤填ago。 答案：before/earlier ago常與一般過去時連用，before多與完成時連用。,2無視固定搭配 典例2 (2014廣東)We were told that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week, _ for the week after. 易錯警示：忽視前面的not，得不出not.but.這一固定句型。 答案：but,