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扣考綱話(huà)題誦讀,固考基教材梳理,提考能技能速升,課后限時(shí)檢測(cè),析考點(diǎn)重難突破,話(huà)題22 周?chē)h(huán)境 [話(huà)題詞匯] 【常見(jiàn)單詞】 1．community n．社區(qū) 2．facility n．設(shè)施 3．harmony n．和諧 4．a(chǎn)pproach n．方法，接近v.接近 5．direction n．方向,6．beyond prep.在……那邊，超出 7．hospitable adj.好客的 8．distant adj.遠(yuǎn)的，遙遠(yuǎn)的 9．surround v．圍繞，包圍 10．construct v．建造，建筑,【常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)】 1．on the left /right在左邊/右邊 2．be located in/lie in位于 3．go straight直走 4．run out 用完，耗盡 5．a(chǎn)djust to調(diào)整，適應(yīng),[經(jīng)典語(yǔ)篇] 【寫(xiě)作要求】 (2013上海高考)上海博物館擬舉辦一次名畫(huà)展，現(xiàn)就展出場(chǎng)所(博物館還是社區(qū)圖書(shū)館)征集公眾意見(jiàn)，假設(shè)你是王敏，給上海博物館寫(xiě)一封信表達(dá)你的想法。你的信必須滿(mǎn)足以下要求：,1．簡(jiǎn)述你寫(xiě)信的目的及你對(duì)場(chǎng)所的選擇； 2．說(shuō)明你的理由(從便利性，專(zhuān)業(yè)性等方面對(duì)這兩個(gè)場(chǎng)所進(jìn)行對(duì)比)。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________,【參考范文】 Dear Sir/Madam， ①I(mǎi)ve learned that an art exhibition is to be held and that youre collecting suggestions on its location.Im writing this letter to share with you my opinions. In my opinion, it is more advisable to hold the art exhibition in Shanghai Museum than in community libraries.My reasons are as follows.,On one hand, it is more convenient for people to get to Shanghai Museum which is located in the center of the city.And the museum is much more spacious than community libraries, which provides visitors with a more comfortable environment for appreciating art.,②On the other hand, as a well－known museum, Shanghai Museum is more professional and experienced in holding art exhibitions.Its professional security guards and advanced facilities can better protect those famous paintings from being damaged or stolen.Therefore, I suggest the exhibition be held in the museum. Yours， Wang Min,[一試身手] 【句型轉(zhuǎn)換】 1．將句型①改為包含同位語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。 Ive learned _____________________________________ ____________________________________________________. 2．將句型②改為包含定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。 On the other hand, _____________，Shanghai Museum is more professional and experienced in holding art exhibitions.,the news that an art exhibition is to be held and that youre collecting suggestions on its location,as is known,【完成句子】 1．我的家鄉(xiāng)坐落在東海之濱，有著300年的歷史。 My hometown, ________________________，has a history of more than 300 years. 2．這個(gè)小山村被綠樹(shù)環(huán)繞。The mountain village _________________________. 3．用了很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間他才適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。It took him a long time to _______________________________.,located on the East Sea,is surrounded by trees,adjust to the new surroundings,一、單詞速覽 1. ________ n．品牌；類(lèi)型 2． ________ adj. 大量的，充裕的 3． ________ n. 命令；控制；掌握 vt. 命令；控制；指揮 4． ________ vt. 探討，解決，處理；向……說(shuō)話(huà)；稱(chēng)呼 (某人) 5． ________ vi.& vt. 脫離，不與人交往,brand,abundant,command,address,withdraw,6．___________ adj. 直言的，坦率的；清楚明白的， 易懂的 7． ___________ n. 能力，勝任；技能，本能 8． ___________ vt. 分類(lèi)，歸類(lèi) 9． ___________ n. 資格，資歷 10． ___________ adj. 具體的，明確的；特定的；獨(dú) 特的 11． ___________ vi.& vt. 花費(fèi)時(shí)間、精力(做某事)； 打擾，給某人造成麻煩,explicit,competence,classify,qualification,specific,bother,12．___________ n. 假定，假設(shè) → ___________ v. 承擔(dān)；假定 13． ___________ vi. 通信；相一致，符合；相當(dāng)于 → _______________ n. 通信；相一致，符合 14． ___________ vt. 評(píng)估，評(píng)價(jià) → ___________ n. 評(píng)估，評(píng)價(jià) 15． ___________ n. 準(zhǔn)確性；精確度 → ___________ adj. 精確的 16． ___________ n. 參考，查閱；提到，提及；介紹 信，介紹人 → ___________ v. 參考，查閱；提到，提及，涉及,assumption,assume,correspond,correspondence,evaluate,evaluation,accuracy,accurate,reference,refer,17．_______________ vt. 放棄；拋棄，舍棄 → _____________ adj. 被拋棄的；無(wú)約束的；恣意放蕩的 18． _______________ n. 約會(huì)，預(yù)約；任命，委任 → _______________ v. 任命；指定；約定 19． _______________ n. 改正；糾正，修正 → _______________ vt. 改正；糾正，修正 20． _______________ vt. 承認(rèn)，認(rèn)可；感謝 → __________________ n. 承認(rèn)；確認(rèn)；感謝,abandon,abandoned,appointment,appoint,correction,correct,acknowledge,acknowledgement,【看單詞，學(xué)構(gòu)詞】 8．classify一詞是由名詞或形容詞加后綴－fy變來(lái)的動(dòng)詞，詞尾－(i)fy表示“形成”，“變成”，“使……化”。類(lèi)似的課標(biāo)詞匯還有：simple—simplify簡(jiǎn)化；beauty—beautify美化；pure—purify使純凈等。,二、短語(yǔ)快譯 1. ______________搜尋，尋找 2． ______________更重要的是 3． ______________支持，贊成 4． ___________________________對(duì)……有積極影響 5． ____________________________ 向……求助 6． ____________________ 受某人支配 7． _________________ 與……交流,search for,whats more,in favour of,have positive effects on,turn to somebody/something,at someones command,communicatewith,8．_____________ 最新的；現(xiàn)代的；時(shí)髦的 9． _____________退學(xué)，輟學(xué)；退出，脫離 10． _____________傾向于 11． _____________缺乏 12． __________________________為某人樹(shù)立榜樣 13． _____________記住，牢記 14． _____________________________仔細(xì)搜尋 15． _______________ 與……有關(guān)的,up to date,drop out,tend to,for lack of,set a good example to sb.,keep.in mind,comb (through)something (for),be relevant to,三、句式構(gòu)建 1．祈使句＋and＋陳述句 _____________ in what you want to know _____________ _____________ help you find what you want. 輸入你想知道的東西，程序就會(huì)幫助你找到你想要的。 2．it is＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth.it為形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式 I feel ______________________either _____ limit our use of the Internet，or to learn how to handle the problems it has caused.我感覺(jué)對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)重要的是，要么限制我們使用因特網(wǎng)，要么學(xué)會(huì)怎么處理由它導(dǎo)致的問(wèn)題。,Just type,and the,program will,it is important for us,to,3．would rather do sth.than do＝would do sth.rather than do 寧愿做……也不愿做…… I __________________ him the truth ____ make an excuse. 我寧愿告訴他實(shí)情也不愿編制理由。 4．the＋比較級(jí)，the＋比較級(jí)表示“越……越……” ________ you know about Internet research， ________ you will find what you are looking for，and the better informed you will be.你越了解互聯(lián)網(wǎng)研究，你會(huì)更快地發(fā)現(xiàn)你正在尋找的東西，你也會(huì)更好地得知信息。,would rather tell,than,The more,the faster,5．not every.意為“并不是每個(gè)……都……”，是部分否定 Usually，people try to put correct information on the Internet，but __________ person bothers to read over their own writing and make corrections. 通常，人們?cè)噲D把正確的信息放到網(wǎng)上，但是并非每個(gè)人都會(huì)花時(shí)間去讀他們寫(xiě)的東西并且去校正。,not every,解析6個(gè)考綱單詞 1．command n．命令；控制；掌握 vt.命令；指揮；控制 (教材P34)With the touch of a button or the click of a mouse，a student will find abundant information from the largest libraries and museums in the world at his or her command.一名學(xué)生輕按鍵盤(pán)鍵或點(diǎn)擊鼠標(biāo)，就能從世界上最大的圖書(shū)館和博物館找到大量信息，加以使用。,(1)at ones command 任由本人支配；聽(tīng)?wèi){本人使用 at someones command 愿服從某人指揮；聽(tīng)候某人吩咐 in command of 指揮，統(tǒng)帥 have a (good)command of 對(duì)……能運(yùn)用自如，精通 take command of 指揮；開(kāi)始控制 (2)command sb.to do sth. 命令某人做某事 command that sb.(should)do 命令……,①(牛津P326)Im at your command—what would you like me to do？我聽(tīng)從您的吩咐——您要我做什么？ ②For the first time in years，she felt in command of her life.多少年來(lái)第一次，她覺(jué)得生活掌握在自己的手里。 ③He commanded that all the gates (should)be shut. 他命令關(guān)閉所有的大門(mén)。,2．correspond vi.通信；相一致，符合；相當(dāng)于 (教材P34)What is more，people who are disabled and must stay in their homes can correspond and communicate with others around the globe who have similar interests.此外，身有殘疾而必須待在家里的人也能(通過(guò)因特網(wǎng))與全球各地趣味相投的人通信、交流。,(1)correspond with/to與……一致 correspond with sb. 與某人通信 correspond to 與……相當(dāng)，相稱(chēng) (2)correspondence n. 相符；通信；信件 hold/keep up correspondence with sb.與(某人)保持通信聯(lián)系 in correspondence with 與……一致；與……有通信聯(lián)系,①(牛津P377)Your account of events does not correspond with hers.你對(duì)事情的描述與她說(shuō)的不相符。 ②Our arms correspond to the wings of a bird. 我們的兩臂相當(dāng)于鳥(niǎo)的兩翼。 ③They had been/kept in correspondence with him by letter until the war broke out. 在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)之前他們一直與他保持通信聯(lián)系。,3．reference n．參考，查閱；提到，談及；介紹信，介紹人 (教材P35)These problems do not occur as often when people use traditional reference materials，such as books，newspapers and magazines.當(dāng)人們使用傳統(tǒng)的參考材料，比如課本、報(bào)紙和雜志時(shí)，這些問(wèn)題就不會(huì)這么頻繁地發(fā)生了。,(1)without reference to 不考慮……，置……于不顧 have a reference to 和……有關(guān) make a reference 提及 for reference 做參考 with reference to 關(guān)于…… (2)refer to 涉及；指的是；提及；參考,①(牛津P1449)She made no reference to her illness but only to her future plans. 她沒(méi)有提到她的病，只說(shuō)了她未來(lái)的計(jì)劃。 ②This test is to be taken by all pupils without reference to age or grade.這次測(cè)驗(yàn)的對(duì)象是全體小學(xué)生，不論年齡和年級(jí)。 ③I am writing with reference to your job application. 我現(xiàn)在回復(fù)您，關(guān)于您申請(qǐng)工作的事。 ④I was not referring to her when I said so. 當(dāng)我那么說(shuō)時(shí)，我并不是指她。,高考鏈接 (2012江西高考)Youd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future ________. A．purpose B．reference C．progress D．memory 【解析】 考查詞義辨析。句意：你最好寫(xiě)下這個(gè)餐館的電話(huà)號(hào)碼以便日后參考用。for future reference是一個(gè)常用詞組搭配，表示“以供日后參考”。 【答案】 B,4．a(chǎn)bandon vt.放棄；拋棄，舍棄 n．放任；縱情 (教材P41)They wouldnt have achieved their success if they had abandoned their dreams.如果他們放棄了他們的夢(mèng)想，他們將不會(huì)取得成功。,(1)abandon sb./sth. 放棄某人/某物 abandon doing sth. 放棄做某事 abandon oneself to 沉湎于，完全屈服于(某種情感或沖動(dòng)) (2)abandoned adj. 拋棄了的；廢棄的；放縱的 (3)with (in)abandon 盡情地；放縱地,①(牛津P1)The baby had been abandoned by its mother.這個(gè)嬰兒被母親遺棄了。 ②The rich man abandoned_himself_to pleasures. 這個(gè)有錢(qián)人沉溺于尋歡作樂(lè)。 ③As a result of the weather，they had to abandon_rescuing_the victims.由于天氣原因，他們不得不放棄營(yíng)救受害者。 ④The fans cheered with_abandon_when their football team won.當(dāng)他們的足球隊(duì)踢贏時(shí)，球迷們便瘋狂地歡呼。,高考鏈接 (2012浙江高考)Peter had intended to take a job in business，but ________ that plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2010. A．had abandoned B．a(chǎn)bandoned C．a(chǎn)bandon D．will abandon,【解析】 考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)。根據(jù)but提示，是并列句，故前后時(shí)態(tài)一致。與had intended相呼應(yīng)，可知此空應(yīng)在表示過(guò)去時(shí)的范圍選擇，由此排除C、D選項(xiàng)。且abandon動(dòng)作只是陳述了過(guò)去所發(fā)生的一件事而已，沒(méi)有在intend之前，故排除A選項(xiàng)(過(guò)去的過(guò)去)，由此可知答案B符合文義。一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示對(duì)過(guò)去所發(fā)生的一件事情的簡(jiǎn)單陳述而已。 【答案】 B,5．bother vi.& vt.花費(fèi)時(shí)間、精力(做某事)；打擾，給某人造成麻煩 n．[U]麻煩，不便 [C]引起麻煩或不便的人或事情 (教材P47)Usually，people try to put correct information on the Internet，but not every person bothers to read over their own writing and make corrections.通常，人們?cè)噲D把正確的信息放到網(wǎng)上，但是并非每個(gè)人都會(huì)花時(shí)間去讀他們寫(xiě)的東西并且去校正。,bother (about)(doing)sth. 為……操心/擔(dān)心 bother＋wh－clause 擔(dān)心……，操心…… bother sb.to do sth. 麻煩某人做某事 bother.with/about. 打擾或麻煩某人時(shí) bother (oneself)to do/about (doing)sth.費(fèi)心做……,①I(mǎi)t bothers me that he hasnt been telling me the truth.他一直沒(méi)有對(duì)我講真話(huà)，這讓我很苦惱。 ②He is always bothering me to lend him money. 他總來(lái)纏著我，向我借錢(qián)。 ③I dont want to bother_her_with my problems at the moment.我此刻不想讓她為我的事費(fèi)心。 6．a(chǎn)cknowledge vt.承認(rèn)；認(rèn)可；感謝 (教材P47)When you are finished，you should always acknowledge where you got your data by attaching a list of the websites you got your information from.當(dāng)你寫(xiě)完報(bào)告時(shí)，你總是應(yīng)該附上你獲取信息的網(wǎng)站列表，表明你所獲資料的來(lái)源。,(1)acknowledge sb./sth.to be.承認(rèn)某人/某物是…… acknowledge sb.as. 認(rèn)為/接受某人是/成為…… acknowledge doing sth./having done sth.承認(rèn)做了某事 (2)acknowledge that. 承認(rèn)…… It is universally acknowledged that.……是大家公認(rèn)的 (3)acknowledgement n. 承認(rèn)；致謝；答謝,①They acknowledged having been frightened. 他們承認(rèn)嚇壞了。 ②Mary intended to acknowledge him as her son. 瑪麗有意認(rèn)他做自己的兒子。 ③It is acknowledged that Li Na is one of the best tennis players in the world. 李娜被公認(rèn)為是世界最佳網(wǎng)球選手之一。,[單詞對(duì)點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)] Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě) 1．The general issued a ________ (命令) that all of them should come at six oclock. 2．Ive heard from a reliable ________ (信息源) that company is running very well. 3．She ________ (宣稱(chēng)) that nuclear power was the most environmentally safe form of energy. 4．What ________ (打擾) me even more were all the times she was always telling lies.,5．He has only been able to trace out the ________ (概要) of the plan, without any details. 6．Id like to ________ (提取) 1,000 dollars from my savings account and put it in my cheque account. 7．Mrs. Smith was accused of knowingly making a ________ (虛假的) statement to the police. 8．Zhao Huimin, director of Beijing Foreign Affairs Office, made the remarks at a news ________ (會(huì)議) in Indonesia on Wednesday.,9．We should make decisions according to ________ (具體的)conditions. 10．All ________ (相關(guān)的) departments shall provide support and assistance to the joint venture. 【答案】 mand 2.source 3.claimed 4.bothered 5．outline 6.withdraw 7.false 8.conference 9.specific 10.relevant,Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．The working of this machine ________ to that of the human brain. A．corresponds B．contributes C．responds D．refers 【解析】 correspond to和……一致。句意：這種機(jī)器的工作原理和人腦差不多。 【答案】 A,2．The lost car of the Lees was found ________ in the woods off the highway. A．vanished B．a(chǎn)bandoned C．scattered D．rejected 【解析】 abandoned被拋棄的。句意：利茲家的車(chē)被發(fā)現(xiàn)被拋棄在高速公路附近的樹(shù)林里了。 【答案】 B,3．We sent her a copy of this book ________ her part in the creation. A．in search of B．in acknowledgement of C．in favour of D．in honour of 【解析】 in acknowledgement of以感謝……；in search of 為了尋找；in favour of 支持，贊成；in honour of為了紀(jì)念。句意：我們寄了這本書(shū)的副本以答謝她對(duì)此創(chuàng)作的付出。 【答案】 B,4．They made the ________ of Peter as chairman of the union. A．a(chǎn)ppointment B．commitment C．a(chǎn)rrangement D．a(chǎn)ssumption 【解析】 make the appointment of sb.as對(duì)某人任……職；做出委任。 【答案】 A,5．________ this project，we have something to say. A．With reference of B．Without reference of C．Without reference to D．With reference to 【解析】 with reference to關(guān)于……(＝in reference to)。句意：關(guān)于這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，我們有話(huà)要說(shuō)。 【答案】 D,分析4個(gè)高考短語(yǔ) 1．turn to somebody/something向……求助；轉(zhuǎn)向；翻到 (教材P34)When people need information，from the news and weather forecasts to travel packages and academic research，the Internet is now the first source they turn to.從時(shí)事新聞，天氣預(yù)報(bào)，到包價(jià)旅游，學(xué)術(shù)研究，當(dāng)人們需求信息時(shí)，因特網(wǎng)現(xiàn)在已是許多人的首選。,turn sb.away 把某人拒之門(mén)外；不準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入 turn down 拒絕；降低；減弱 turn in 交換，退還；上交 turn over 翻過(guò)來(lái)；周轉(zhuǎn)；移交；翻閱 turn up 露面，出現(xiàn)；調(diào)高(音量、熱量等) turn out 出席；結(jié)果是,①She turned down every offer of help. 別人提出的幫助她都拒絕了。 ②Something unexpected has turned_up. 發(fā)生了沒(méi)有意料到的事情。 ③The film turned out to be a great success. 這部影片大獲成功。 ④He turned the business over to his daughter. 他把生意移交給女兒管理。,高考鏈接 (2014浙江高考)How could you ________ such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months? A．turn off B．turn in C．turn down D．turn to,【解析】 本題考查turn短語(yǔ)意義辨析。句意：既然你失業(yè)好幾個(gè)月了，你怎么能________這么好的一份工作呢？四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為turn短語(yǔ)：turn off關(guān)閉，關(guān)掉；turn in上交；turn down拒絕(建議、要求或邀請(qǐng)等)，調(diào)低(聲音、溫度等)；turn to轉(zhuǎn)向，求助于。由語(yǔ)境可知，因?yàn)槭I(yè)好幾個(gè)月了，按常理是不能“拒絕”(turn down)那么好的一份工作的，故C項(xiàng)正確。 【答案】 C,2．up to date 最新的；現(xiàn)代的；時(shí)髦的 (教材P35)Of course，access to up－to－date，accurate information is an important thing for anyone who is doing research.當(dāng)然，對(duì)于參加研究的人來(lái)說(shuō)，得到最新的準(zhǔn)確的信息是一件重要的事情。,(1)out of date 過(guò)時(shí)的 fix/set the date for 確定……日期 have/make a date (with sb.)to do/for (doing)sth. 與(某人)約會(huì)做…… keep a date 赴約 (2)date from/back to 回溯到，從……開(kāi)始,①(牛津P429)They havent set a date for the wedding yet.他們尚未決定舉行婚禮的日期。 ②The dresses on show are out of date. 展出的服裝都過(guò)時(shí)了。 ③John has made a date with Mary for a party. 約翰約了瑪麗去參加晚會(huì)。 3．drop out 退學(xué)，輟學(xué)；退出，脫離 (教材P35)One university did a study about the students who had dropped out，and found that 43 per cent of them were heavy Internet users. 一個(gè)大學(xué)做了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于輟學(xué)學(xué)生的研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)他們中有43%是過(guò)度使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)者。,drop in at sp. 順便走訪(fǎng)某地 drop in on sb. 順便拜訪(fǎng)某人 drop back 退后，后撤；恢復(fù)(舊習(xí)慣等)(into) drop by [美]順便拜訪(fǎng)一下 drop off 減少；落下；送下車(chē),①(2013江蘇高考完形填空)They dropped off blankets, candles, and tools, and began sticking around to chat. 他們放下毯子、蠟燭和工具開(kāi)始過(guò)來(lái)聊天。 ②Please drop_in_at my office when you happen to be free.如果你碰巧有空的話(huà)，請(qǐng)到我的辦公室來(lái)。 ③Peter dropped_out_ before completing the race because of his injury. 因?yàn)槭軅?，彼得在比賽還未結(jié)束時(shí)就退出了。,4．keep/carry/have.in mind 牢記，記住 ①I(mǎi) have tried to keep/carry/have this advice in mind when writing this book. 在寫(xiě)這本書(shū)的時(shí)候，我盡量將這條建議記住。 ②Do you have anyone in mind for this job? 你有沒(méi)有想到什么人可以做這項(xiàng)工作？ ③Its a good idea and Ill keep it in mind. 這是個(gè)好主意，我要記在心里。 ④I have no mind to read books for you are not here. 因?yàn)槟悴辉谶@兒我沒(méi)有一點(diǎn)心思讀書(shū)。,[短語(yǔ)對(duì)點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)] Ⅰ.選詞填空 search for；in favour of；turn to somebody/something；at someones command；communicate with；up to date；drop out；set a good example to sb.；keep.in mind；comb (through)something (for) 1．Lets take leave of the topic and ________ another. 2．He has a great number of English idioms ________. 3．He ________ work at various stores.,4．She has ________ in the middle of the race because of his injury. 5．Parents often find it difficult to ________ their children. 6．The majority was/were ________ the proposal. 7．She wears clothes that are right ________. 8．It is not easy to ________ what you have told me. 【答案】 1.turn to 2.at command 3.searched for 4．dropped out municate with 6.in favour of 7．up to date 8.keep in mind,Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．Every time I get into trouble, Ill ________ my neighbors, who will always lend me a helping hand. A．care about B．turn to C．call for D．look up 【解析】 考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：每當(dāng)我遇上麻煩時(shí)，我都會(huì)向鄰居們求助，他們總是向我伸出援助之手。turn to “求助于”符合語(yǔ)境。 【答案】 B,2．Liu Xiang was injured in the first round and had to ________ of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. A．drop off B．drop back C．drop by D．drop out 【解析】 句意：劉翔在第一輪比賽中受了傷，不得不退出2008年北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)。drop out“退出”，符合題意。drop off 中途下客或卸貨。 【答案】 D,3．His remarks are not ________ to our discussion. A．relevant B．relative C．connect D．a(chǎn)ccurate 【解析】 考查短語(yǔ)be relevant to“與……相關(guān)的”。句意：他的觀點(diǎn)與我們的議題不相關(guān)。故選A項(xiàng)。 【答案】 A,4．The origin of Chinese culture ________ more than 5,000 years ago. A．is dated back to B．dates back to C．is dated from D．has dated back 【解析】 more than 5,000 years ago是時(shí)間點(diǎn)而不是時(shí)間段，故排除D項(xiàng)。date back to還可以用date from來(lái)表示，它們都無(wú)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選B項(xiàng)。 【答案】 B,5．We must ________ that our customs and habits are different from theirs. A．keep in mind B．keep up with C．keep in touch D．keep to ourselves 【解析】 keep in mind 意為“記住”，空后的 that 從句為 keep 的賓語(yǔ)。 【答案】 A,剖析2個(gè)高考句型 1．(教材P39)Just type in what you want to know and the program will help you find what you want.輸入你想知道的東西，程序就會(huì)幫助你找到你想要的。 句法分析：本句屬于“祈使句＋and/or/otherwise＋陳述句”句型，這是并列句的一個(gè)固定句式。,(1)本句是“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”句型。其中祈使句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，and之后的句子相當(dāng)于主句。 (2)祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陳述句。 (3)在“祈使句＋并列連詞＋陳述句”句型中，也可以用“名詞＋并列連詞＋陳述句”表示。,①Try some of this juice—perhaps youll like it. 嘗嘗這種果汁， 也許你會(huì)喜歡的。 ②Hurry up，or you will be late.快點(diǎn)，否則你會(huì)遲到。 ③Study_hard，and_youll pass the exam. 努力學(xué)習(xí)，你將會(huì)通過(guò)考試。 ④Do_as_youre_told，otherwise youll be in trouble. 叫你怎么做就怎么做， 否則你會(huì)有麻煩的。 ⑤It is really very dangerous.One_more_step，and the baby will fall into the well.真危險(xiǎn)。再多邁一步， 這個(gè)小孩兒就掉進(jìn)井里了。,高考鏈接 (2014天津高考)Give me a chance, ________ Ill give you a wonderful surprise. A．if B．or C．a(chǎn)nd D．while,【解析】 本題考查語(yǔ)意邏輯關(guān)系。句意：給我一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，________我就會(huì)給你一個(gè)大驚喜。if常引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句；or有“否則，要不然”之意，表示一種相反的假設(shè)；and連接表示順接關(guān)系的并列句；while意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”時(shí)，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“雖然，盡管”時(shí)，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。由空格前的“給我一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)”和空格后的“我就會(huì)給你一個(gè)大驚喜”可知空格前后兩部分是順接關(guān)系，需用and連接，所以選擇C項(xiàng)。 【答案】 C,2．(教材P41)I would_rather_tell him the truth than_make an excuse. 我寧愿告訴他實(shí)情也不愿編制理由。 句法分析：would sooner/rather.than.意思是“寧愿、寧可、更、最好、還是為好”，后接動(dòng)詞原形，常省略為d sooner/rather，表示優(yōu)先選擇的一種方式。其否定形式是would sooner/rather not do sth.。,(1)would rather.than./would.rather than.也可以顛倒為：rather than.would.。would(rather)和than后都接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式，若選用的動(dòng)詞相同，那么than 后的動(dòng)詞可以省略。 (2)使用would rather.than.句型時(shí)要注意“平行結(jié)構(gòu)”，即在than 的前后要用兩個(gè)同類(lèi)的詞或詞組，如兩個(gè)名詞、兩個(gè)不定式、兩個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)等。,(3)would rather＋從句，是一個(gè)常用的虛擬語(yǔ)氣句型 would rather＋從句，謂語(yǔ)一般用過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)。其意為“寧愿……，還是…… 好些”“一個(gè)人寧愿另一個(gè)人做某事”，引導(dǎo)從句的that常省略。在談到過(guò)去的動(dòng)作時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 (4)would rather和would sooner之間一般沒(méi)有區(qū)別，但經(jīng)常接觸到的是would rather。,①I(mǎi) would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema.我寧可在家看電視而不愿去看電影。 ②I would rather talk with his mother than with his father.我寧愿和他媽說(shuō)話(huà)而不愿和他爸說(shuō)話(huà)。 ③John wants to see me today.I would_rather_he_came tomorrow than today.(句中came不是表示過(guò)去而是表示將來(lái))約翰今天想來(lái)看我。我寧愿他明天來(lái)看我而不是今天。 ④I would rather you had_not_done_that. 我真希望你沒(méi)有做那件事。,高考鏈接 (2014陜西高考) We would rather our daughter ________ at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer. A．would stay B．has stayed C．stayed D．stay,【解析】 本題考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：我們寧愿我們的女兒和我們一起待在家里，但是那是她的選擇，她已經(jīng)不再是一個(gè)小孩子了。would rather后接that從句時(shí)，要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，如果與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)事實(shí)相反，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)；如果與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。根據(jù)后面的it is her choice可以判斷這件事情還沒(méi)發(fā)生，因而從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以選擇C項(xiàng)。 【答案】 C,[句型對(duì)點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)] Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．—Mum, I am afraid I wont do well in the coming test. —Honey，________ more careful，________ you will make it. A．be；and B．be；otherwise C．do；and D．be；or 【解析】 形容詞careful前面用be動(dòng)詞，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)句意可知此處是順承關(guān)系，故用并列連詞and，符合句型“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”。 【答案】 A,2．The Internet plays an important role in our life. Without the Internet, life ________ quite different nowadays. A．would be B．will be C．is D．was 【解析】 句意：因特網(wǎng)在我們的生活中發(fā)揮了重要的作用。如果沒(méi)有因特網(wǎng)的話(huà)，今天的生活就是另一番景象了。without the Internet相當(dāng)于一個(gè)非真實(shí)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，故選A。 【答案】 A,3．How long do you think ________ the computer company turns out a new product? A．it will be that B．will it be until C．will it be since D．it will be before 【解析】 do you think在句中為插入語(yǔ)，其后應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)序，排除選項(xiàng)B、C。“it will be＋一段時(shí)間＋before從句”為固定句型，意為“要過(guò)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才……”。由句意可知D項(xiàng)正確。 【答案】 D,4．He ________ live in the country than in the city. A．prefers B．likes to C．had better D．would rather 【解析】 would rather.than 寧愿怎么樣而不怎么樣。句意：我寧愿住在鄉(xiāng)村也不愿意住在城里。 【答案】 D,Ⅱ.完成句子 1．你越小心，你犯錯(cuò)就會(huì)越少。 ____________ you are，____________ you will make. 2．只要你有能力就要幫助別人，你會(huì)使這個(gè)世界成為更美好的居住地。 ______________ whenever you can __________ the world a nicer place to live.,3．我寧愿被嘲笑，也不愿和他吵架。 I ____________________ with him. 【答案】 1.The more careful；the fewer mistakes 2.Help others；and you will make 3.would rather be laughed at than quarrel,,,[教材語(yǔ)法集訓(xùn)] 助動(dòng)詞 單項(xiàng)填空 1．They ________ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we ________ on it as no good results have come out so far. A．had been working；are still working B．had worked；were still working C．have been working；have worked D．have worked；are still working,【解析】 根據(jù)前一分句中的“before I joined them”可知，此處動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去，而且表示的是一種持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，所以應(yīng)用過(guò)