單擊此處編輯母版標題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,第,12,講,主謂一致,knows,is,has,are,is,一、用所給單詞的適當形式填空,1,No one_(know)the answer to the question.,2,Most of the drinking water_(be)from the Red,River.,3,Either you or he_(have)made a wrong decision.,4,The class_(be)spending the weekend together.,5,Bread and milk_(be)a fast food.,areis,isare,areis,havehas,二、單句改錯,1,There are an apple and a cat on the desk._,2,Both Jim and Kelly is listening to the music._,3,Tom with a cat are climbing the tree._,4,This family have a big garden._,5,Neither Kim nor I likes playing football._,likeslike,語法一致原則,1,主語是不可數(shù)名詞、單數(shù)名詞或代詞時，謂語動詞用單,數(shù)；主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：,He exercises every day.,他每天做運動。,They exercise every day.,他們每天做運動。,2,and,或,both.and.,連接名詞或代詞作,主語時，謂語動詞,通常用復(fù)數(shù)。如：,He and Jerry are students.,他和杰瑞都是學(xué)生。,注意：,(1),當,and,連接的兩個,名詞指同一個人或物時，謂語動詞用,單數(shù)。如：,The writer and singer was invited to the party.,那位作家兼歌手被邀請參加派對。,(2),當,and,連接的名詞被,each,eve,ry,或,no,修飾時，謂語動,詞用單數(shù)。如：,Each boy and each girl was given an apple just now.,剛才每位男生和女生都得到了一個蘋果。,3,當,主語后面跟有,with,without,together with,along with,except,besides,but,as well as,like,including,等介詞短語時，謂,語動詞與前面的主語保持一致,(,即“就遠原則”,),。如：,Susan with her family works on the farm.,蘇珊和她的家人在田里干活。,4,動詞不定式、動名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：,To be a pilot is his dream.,成為一名飛行員是他的夢想。,5,由不定代詞,either,neither,each,one,everyone,someone,anyone,no one,somebody,anybody,everybody,something,anything,nothing,everything,等作主語或修飾主語時，謂語動詞,通常用單數(shù)。如：,Everybody is here.,所有人都到齊了。,意義一致原則,1,news,以及科目名稱,maths,physics,politics,等，本身不表,示復(fù)數(shù)意義，作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：,I think physics is an interesting subject.,我認為物理是一門有趣的學(xué)科。,2,trousers,shoes,glasses,pants,等為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，作主語時謂,語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。但當它們前面有,pair of,kind of,等量詞修飾時，,則根據(jù)量詞的單復(fù)數(shù)來確定謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù),形式。如：,This kind of shoes is new.,這種款式的鞋子是新的。,My new shoes are very beautiful.,我的新鞋很漂亮。,3,表示時間、長度、距離、價格、金錢、重量等的短語作,主語時，常表示一個整體概念，謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)。如：,200 miles is a long way to go.,200,英里是很長的一段路。,4,集體名詞如,family,class,group,team,等作主語，表示整,體時謂語動詞用單數(shù)，表示集體中的具體成員時用復(fù)數(shù)。如：,The class wins the prize.,這個班獲得了獎項。,The class are all carefully reading the book.,全班學(xué)生都在仔細地讀這本書。,5,某些名詞如,people(people,指“民族”時除外,),police,等，,形式上是單數(shù)但意義上是復(fù)數(shù)，作主語時，謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù),。,如：,The police are running after a thief.,警察們正在追趕一個小偷。,6,“,the,形容詞”,(,表示一類人,),和“,the,姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)形,式”,(,表示夫婦或一家人,),作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：,The old think the young are happier than them.,老人們認為年輕人比他們幸福。,The Smiths like watching TV.,史密斯一家人喜歡看電視。,7,分數(shù)、百分比及,some,half of,part of,lots of,the rest of,等后接單數(shù)名詞或不可,數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；接,復(fù)數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：,70%of the earth is covered with water.,70%,的地球表面被水覆蓋。,60%of the teachers in our school are women.,我們學(xué)校,60%,的老師是女,的。,8,“,a number of,復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表示“許多,”,，作,主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；“,the number of,復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表,示“,的數(shù)量”，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：,A number of birds are on the island.,島上有大量的鳥兒。,The number of the cups is 10.,杯子的數(shù)量是,10,個。,就近原則,1,在,there be,句型和以,here,開頭的句子中，謂語動詞與,靠近它的主語保持一致。如：,There is a river and two big trees there.,那邊有一條河和兩棵大樹。,Here is Jim and his parents.,這是吉姆和他的父母。,2,either.or.,neither.nor.,not only.but also.,or,not.but.,等結(jié)構(gòu)連,接并列主語時，謂語動詞與靠近它的主語保,持一致。如：,Either you or he has to stay at home this afternoon.,今天下午要么你要么他得待在家里。,(,)1.(2014,年廣東,)Both Li,Lei and Han Meimei,_ fond of the TV program,A Bite of China,.,I am also deeply moved by its stories!,A,is,B,am,C,was,D,Are,D both.and.,連接兩個名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。,故選,D,。,(,)2.(2014,年廣東佛山,)Thanks t,o the organisation,some,money _ given to the poor children.,A,was,B,were,C,Are,A money,是不可數(shù)名詞，故選,A,。,(,)3.(2014,年廣東茂名,)Either T,ed or Bob _ good,enough to be a member of the school team.,A,is,B,are,C,become,A either.or.,結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時，謂語動詞與靠近它的主語保,持一致，故選,A,。,(,)4.(,2014,年廣東茂名,)_,the parents _,the son is enjoying the film.,A,Both;and,B,Neither;or,C,Not only;but also,C,根據(jù)后面的,be,動詞,is,可排除,A,項；,B,項形式錯誤；,not,only.but also.,連接兩個名詞作主語時，謂語動詞遵循就近原,則，故選,C,。,(,)5.(2012,年廣東深圳,)What do,es the fresh juice,contain?,_of the juice _ orange.Its very pure.,A,Four-fifth;are,C,Four-fifth;is,B,Four-fifths;are,D,Four-fifths;is,D,分數(shù)的表示法：分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子,大于,1,，分母加,-s,，故可以排除,A,、,C,兩項；,juice,是不可數(shù)名詞，,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，故選,D,。,(,)6.(2013,年廣東,)David,there _ a dictionary,and some books on your desk.Please put them away.,OK.Mum.Ill do it right away.,A.is,C,has,B,are,D,Have,A there be,句型中，謂語動詞與靠近它的主語保持一致，,故選,A,。,(,)7.(2014,年廣東茂名,)Where _,_ my glasses?I,cant find them.,A.is,B,are,C,was,B glasses,為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，作主語時謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。,(,)8.(2014,年廣東河源,)The numb,er of teachers in our,school _ greatly increased last term.A number of teachers,in this school _ from the countryside.,A.was;is,C,were;are,B,was;are,D,were;is,B the number of,表示“,的數(shù)量”，接名詞作主語時，,謂語動詞用單數(shù)；“,a number of,復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表示“許,多,”,，作主語時，謂語動詞用,復(fù)數(shù)。,(,)9.(2014,年廣東深圳,)He,tog,ether with his parents,_ going to visit Shanghai in July.How about you?,Im afraid I have to stay at home _.,A.are;on my own,C,is;by my own,B,is;by myself,D,are;on myself,B,主語中含有介詞短語,together with,，謂語動詞應(yīng)和它前,面的主語,he,保持一致，故,A,、,D,項錯誤；,by oneself,on ones,own,獨自。故選,B,。,(,)10.(2013,年廣東,)Robert wi,th his two kids _ to,the beach for vacation every year.,A.go,C,went,B,goes,D,are going,B,由時間狀語,every year,可排除,C,、,D,項；當主語后跟有,with,介詞短語時，謂語動詞與前面的主語保持一致。主語,Robert,是第三人稱單數(shù),，故謂語動詞用單數(shù)。