1999年6月英語四級真題及答案Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 oclock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose D on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer A B C D1.A) The woman feels sorry for the man.B) The man is a member of the staff.C) The area is for passengers only.D) The woman is asking the man to leave.（D）2.A) Clean her house while she is away.B) Buy her some plants and take care of them.C) Water her plants while she is away.D) Water her plants when he is not at work.（C）3.A) He will only be available in the afternoon.B) Its not his office hour.C) He doesnt have time.D) He is too tired after class.（C）4.A) The woman insists on going out.B) The woman doesnt like watching TV.C) The man promised her a gift on her birthday.D) The man is too tired to go out.（A）5.A) There are too many courses offered to students.B) There woman should take fewer courses next term.C) The man will take four courses next semester.D) It is wiser to take more than four courses.（B）6.A) Ask Tom to send an invitation.B) Get the Johnsons address.C) Invite Tom to the party.D) Tell Tom to pick up the Johnsons.（B）7.A) Jane is looking for an summer job.B) Jane is packing for the summer vacation.C) Jane is on her way home.D) Jane is eager to go home for the vacation.（D）8.A) Spending more time on sightseeing.B) Visiting the city with a group.C) Touring the city on a fine day.D) Taking the man with her on the tour.（A）9.A) The woman is driving too fast.B) The woman is driving at a slow speed.C) The woman has broken a traffic rule.D) The woman has parked her car in a wrong place.（C）10.A) She can tell Joans brother about the reception.B) She should tell Joans brother about the reception.C) She must call on Joan after the reception.D) She may see Joans brother at lunch.（A）Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage oneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11.A) To protect persons and property.B) To collect taxes.C) To teach and train citizens.D) To save natural resources for future use.（A）12.A) By selling services that make life comfortable.B) By selling land containing oil.C) By selling public lands.D) By selling coal and other natural products.（C）13.A) Environmental pollution and protection.B) Taxes and services for the public.C) Police efforts to protect people.D) Peoples attitude toward taxes.（B）Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14.A) He didnt like physics any more.B) His eyesight was too poor.C) Physics was too hard for him.D) He had to work to support himself.（D）15.A) He was not happy with the new director.B) He was not qualified to be an engineer.C) He wanted to travel.D) He found his job boring.（A）16.A) He wanted to work with his friend.B) He wanted to go to Spain.C) He enjoyed travelling around the world.D) He was rejected by the engineering firm.（C）17.A) He enjoyed teaching English.B) He wanted to earn more to support his family.C) The owner of the school promised him a good position.D) He could earn more as a teacher than as a travel agent.（B）Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18.A) It can be cooked in many ways.B) It is delicious but inexpensive.C) It gives higher yields than other grain crops.D) It grows easily in various conditions.（D）19.A) Fried potatoes.B) Tomato juice.C) Sweet corn.D) Chocolate beans.（D）20.A) They led to the discovery of America.B) They made native American foods popular.C) They brought great wealth to Spain.D) They made native American life styles well-known.（B）Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.The biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist with a gun, but the man with the portable computer in business class. In the last 15 years, pilots have reported well over 100 incidents that could have been caused by electromagnetic interference. The source of this interference remains unconfirmed, but increasingly, experts are pointing the blame at portable electronic device such as portable computers, radio and cassette players and mobile telephones.RTCA, an organization which advises the aviation (航空) industry, has recommended that all airlines ban (禁止) such devices from being used during “critical” stages of flight, particularly take-off and landing. Some experts have gone further, calling for a total ban during all flights. Currently, rules on using these devices are left up to individual airlines. And although some airlines prohibit passengers from using such equipment during take-off and landing, most are reluctant to enforce a total ban, given that many passengers want to work during flights.The difficulty is predicting how electromagnetic fields might affect an aircrafts computers. Experts know that portable device emit radiation which affects those wavelengths which aircraft use for navigation and communication. But, because they have not been able to reproduce these effects in a laboratory, they have no way of knowing whether the interference might be dangerous or not.The fact that aircraft may be vulnerable (易受損的) to interference raises the risk that terrorists may use radio systems in order to damage navigation equipment. As worrying, though, is the passenger who cant hear the instructions to turn off his radio because the musics too loud.21.The passage is mainly about _.A) a new regulation for al airlinesB) the defects of electronic devicesC) a possible cause of aircraft crashesD) effective safety measures for air flight（C）22.What is said about the over 100 aircraft incidents in the past 15 years?A) They may have been caused by the damage to the radio systems.B) They may have taken place during take-off and landing.C) They were proved to have been caused by the passengers portable computers.D) They were suspected to have resulted from electromagnetic interference.（D）23.Few airlines want to impose a total ban on their passengers using electronic devices because _.A) they dont believe there is such a danger as radio interferenceB) the harmful effect of electromagnetic interference is yet to be provedC) most passengers refuse to take a plane which bans the use of radio and cassette playersD) they have other effective safety measures to fall back on（C）24.Why is it difficult to predict the possible effects of electromagnetic fields on an airplanes computers?A) Because it is extremely dangerous to conduct such research on an airplane.B) Because it remains a mystery what wavelengths are liable to be interfered with.C) Because research scientists have not been able to produce the same effects in labs.D) Because experts lack adequate equipment to do such research.（C）25.It can be inferred from the passage that the author _.A) is in favor of prohibiting passengers use of electronic devices completelyB) has overestimated the danger of electromagnetic interferenceC) hasnt formed his own opinion on this problemD) regards it as unreasonable to exercise a total ban during flight（D）Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The rise of multinational corporations (跨國公司), global marketing, new communications technologies, and shrinking cultural differences have led to an unparalleled increase in global public relations or PR.Surprisingly, since modern PR was largely an American invention, the U.S. leadership in public relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries. Ten years ago, for example, the worlds top five public relations agencies were American-owned. In 1991, only one was. The British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative. A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate (公司的) planning activities, compared to about one-third of U.S. companies. It may not be long before London replaces New York as the capital of PR.Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race? First, Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provincial and take more of an interest in local affairs. Knowledge of world geography, for example, has never been strong in this country. Secondly, Americans lag behind their European and Asian counterparts (相對應(yīng)的人) in knowing a second language. Less than 5 percent of BursonMarshalls U.S. employees know two languages. Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage. Conversely, some European firms have half or more of their employees fluent in a second language. Finally, people involved in PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye on international affairs. In the financial PR area, for instance, most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas, their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist, publications not often read in this country.Perhaps the PR industry might take a lesson from Ted Turner of CNN (Cable News Network). Turner recently announced that the word “foreign” would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts. According to Turner, global communications have made the nations of the world so interdependent that there is no longer any such things as foreign.26.According to the passage, U.S. leadership in public relations is being threatened because of _.A) an unparalleled increase in the number of public relations companiesB) shrinking cultural differences and new communications technologiesC) the decreasing number of multinational corporations in the U.S.D) increased efforts of other countries in public relations（D）27.London could soon replace New York as the center of PR because _.A) British companies are more ambitious than U.S. companiesB) British companies place more importance on PR than U.S. companiesC) British companies are heavily involved in planning activitiesD) four of the worlds top public relations agencies are British-owned（B）28.The word “provincial” (Line 2, Para. 3) most probably means “_”.A) limited in outlookB) like people from the provincesC) rigid in thinkingD) interested in world financial affairs（A）29.We learn from the third paragraph that employees in the American PR industry _.A) speak at least one foreign language fluentlyB) are ignorant about world geographyC) are not as sophisticated as their European counterpartsD) enjoy reading a great variety of English business publications（B）30.What lesson might the PR industry take from Ted Turner of CNN?A) American PR companies should be more internationally-minded.B) The American PR industry should develop global communications technologies.C) People working in PR should be more fluent in foreign languages.D) People involved in PR should avoid using the word “foreign”.（A）Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Brazil has become one of the developing worlds great successes at reducing population growth-but more by accident than design. While countries such as India have made joint efforts to reduce birth rates, Brazil has had better result without really trying, says George Martine at Harvard.Brazils population growth rate has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1.93% a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average. Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas (通俗電視連續(xù)劇) and installment (分期付款) plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect, role in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the worlds biggest producers of soap operas. Globo, Brazils most popular television network, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.“Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction, they describe middle and upper class values-not many children, different attitudes towards sex, women working,” says Martine. “They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behavior and other values, which were put into a very attractive package.”Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers. “This led to an enormous change in consumption patterns and consumption was incompatible (不相容的) with unlimited reproduction,” says Martine.31.According to the passage, Brazil has cut back its population growth _.A) by educating its citizensB) by careful family planningC) by developing TV programmesD) by chance（D）32.According to the passage, many Third World countries _.A) havent attached much importance to birth controlB) would soon join Brazil in controlling their birth rateC) havent yet found an effective measure to control their populationD) neglected the role of TV plays in family planning（C）33.The phrase “puts it down to” (Line 1, Para. 3) is closest in meaning to “_”.A) attributes it toB) finds it a reason forC) sums it up asD) compares it to（A）34.Soap operas have helped in lowering Brazils birth rate because _.A) they keep people sitting long hours watching TVB) they have gradually changed peoples way of lifeC) people are drawn to their attractive packageD) they popularize birth control measures（B）35.What is Martines conclusion about Brazils population growth?A) The increase in birth rate will promote consumption.B) The desire for consumption helps to reduce birth rate.C) Consumption patterns and reproduction patterns are contradictory.D) A countrys production is limited by its population growth.（B）Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.There seems never to have been a civilization without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do.In the ancient world, as is today, most boys played with some kinds of toys and most girls with another. In societies where social roles are rigidly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their mothers. This is true because boys and girls are being prepared, even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world.What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained are same. The changes have been mostly in terms of craftsmanship, mechanics, and technology. It is the universality of toys with regard to their development in all parts of the world and their persistence to the present that is amazing. In Egypt, the Americas, China, Japan and among the Arctic (北極的) peoples, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Variations depended on local customs and ways of life because toys imitate their surroundings. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to technological leaps that characterize inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the oxcart to the automobile is a direct line of ascent (進(jìn)步). The progress from a rattle (撥浪鼓) used by a baby in 3000 BC to one used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness. Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of available materials.36.The reason why the toys most boys play with are different from those that girls play with is that _.A) their social roles are rigidly determinedB) most boys would like to follow their fathers professionsC) boys like to play with their fathers while girls with their mothersD) they like challenging activities（A）37.One aspect of “the universality of toys” lies in the fact that _.A) technological advances have greatly improved the durability of toysB) the improvement of craftsmanship in making toys depends on the efforts of universitiesC) the exploration of the universe had led to the creation of new kinds of toysD) the basic characteristics of toys are the same the world over（D）38.Which of the following is the authors view on the historical development of toys?A) The craftsmanship in toy-making has remained essentially unchanged.B) Toys have remained basically the same all through the centuries.C) The toy industry has witnessed great leaps in technology in recent years.D) Toys are playing an increasingly important role in shaping a childs character.（B）39.Regarded as a kind of art form, toys _.A) follow a direct line of ascentB) also appeal greatly to adultsC) are not characterized by technological progressD) reflect the pace of social progress（C）40.The author uses the example of rattle to show that _.A) in toy-making there is a continuity in the sue of materialsB) even the simplest toys can reflect the progress of technologyC) even the simplest toys can reflect the progress of technologyD) even a simple toy can mirror the artistic tastes of the time（D）Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.41.He came back late, _ which time all the guests had already left.A) afterB) byC) atD) during（B）42.Im very sorry to have _ you with so many questions on such an occasion.A) interferedB) offendedC) impressedD) bothered（D）43.If the whole operation _ beforehand a great deal of time and money would have been lost.A) was not plannedB) has not been plannedC) had not been plannedD) was not planned（C）44.The price of beer _ from 50 cents to $4 per liter during the summer season.A) alteredB) rangedC) separatedD) differed（B）45.His remarks left me _ about his real purpose.A) wondere