八大句子成分和五個基本句型.ppt
,八大句子成分和五個簡單句型,八大句子成分,主語, 謂語, 賓語, 定語, 狀語, 表語, 補足語, 同位語,1)主語:是一個句子的主體、主題,是全句述說的對象。 Students study. We are friends.,2)謂語:是對主語加以陳述,表示主語的行為或狀態(tài),常用動詞或者動詞詞組擔任,放在主語的后面。如: We plant trees every year. We study for the people. I can speak a little English.,3)賓語:表示行為的對象,動作的承受者 People make chances. I am reading a book. I like to play with him.,4)定語:是用來說明或者限制名詞的成分,常用形容詞或者相當于形容詞的短語或從句擔任。 This is a red sun. He is a tall boy. I bought an English-Chinese dictionary.,)狀語是用來說明動詞,形容詞,副詞或整個句子的成分。常由副詞擔任。 The students study hard. I often write to him. I sleep at night. He sat there.,)表語:用來說明主語的性質或狀態(tài)。一般由名詞或者形容詞擔任。一般與連系動詞構成系表結構。 This table is long. Her face turned red. The rubbish smells terrible.,7. 補語,起補充說明的作用,I asked him to have dinner. 主語 謂語 賓語 賓語補足語 I consider him a gentleman. 8. 同位語 兩個結構,前后項所指相同,句法功能也相同,后者是前者的同位語。 Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us.,主語補語 Tom was made monitor. 賓語補語 I made Tom monitor. 表語補語 I am sure to succeed.,Practice:,The tall boy often plays football in the playground at weekends. (定語)主語 (狀語)+ 謂語 +賓語(狀語 狀語),基本句型之一:主+謂+賓,五個基本句型,基本句型一: 基本句型二: 基本句型三: 基本句型四: 基本句型五:,S + Vi. (主+謂) S + Lv + P (主+系+表) S + Vt. + O (主+謂+賓) S + Vt. + IO + DO (主+謂+間賓+直賓) S + Vt. + O + C (主+謂+賓+賓補),S + Vi. (主+謂) 1. The sun was shining. 太陽在照耀著. 2. The moon rose. 月亮升起了.,2. S + Lv + P (主+系+表) 1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 這是本英漢辭典. 2. The dinner smells good. 午餐的氣味很好.,3. S + Vt. + O (主+謂+賓) 1. Who knows the answer? 誰知道答案? 2. He enjoys reading. 他喜歡看書. 3. He admits that he made a mistake. 他承認犯了錯誤.,4. S + Vt. + IO + DO (主+謂+間賓+直賓) 1. She ordered herself a new dress. 她給自己定了一套新衣裳. 2. I showed him my pictures. 我給他看我的照片. 3. He bought you a dictionary.他給你買了一本字典.,5. S + Vt. + O + C (主+謂+賓+賓補) 1. They painted the door green. 他們把門漆成綠色. 2. They found the house deserted. 他們發(fā)現那房子無人居住. 3. What makes him think so? 他怎么會這樣想?,