Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,AdvancedTechniquesandSpecialConsiderationsinStrategicFamilyTherapy,在戰(zhàn),略,略的,家,家庭,療,療法,中,中的,先,先進(jìn),的,的技,術(shù),術(shù)和,特,特殊,的,的考,慮,慮,WhatisaFamilyLifeCyclePerspective?,一種,家,家庭,生,生命,周,周期,觀,觀點(diǎn),是,是什,么,么？,Viewssymptomsanddysfunctioninrelationto,normalfunctioningovertime,就一,段,段時(shí),間,間考,慮,慮癥,狀,狀和,機(jī),機(jī)能,障,障礙,關(guān),關(guān)于,正,正常,的,的發(fā),揮,揮,Viewstherapyashelpingto,reestablishthefamily,sdevelopmentalmomentum,將療,法,法認(rèn),為,為是,幫,幫助,再,再一,次,次建,立,立家,庭,庭的,發(fā),發(fā)展,的,的勢(shì),頭,頭,WhatisaFamilyLifeCyclePerspective?,一種,家,家庭,生,生命,周,周期,觀,觀點(diǎn),是,是什,么,么？,Thefamilyismorethanthesumofitsparts.,家庭,是,是其,部,部分,的,的超,過(guò),過(guò)總,數(shù),數(shù)。,Theindividuallifecycletakesplacewithinthefamilylifecycle,whichistheprimarycontextofhumandevelopment.,單獨(dú),的,的生,命,命周,期,期在,家,家庭,生,生命,周,周期,之,之內(nèi),發(fā),發(fā)生,，,，這,人,人類,發(fā),發(fā)展,的,的主,要,要的,背,背景,TheStagesOfTheIntactMiddle-ClassAmericanFamilyLifeCycle,完整,的,的中,間,間課,美,美國(guó),人,人家,庭,庭生,命,命周,期,期的,階,階段,Thecentralunderlyingprocesstobenegotiatedistheexpansion,contraction,andrealignmentoftherelationshipsystemtosupporttheentry,exit,anddevelopmentoffamilymembersinafunctionalway.,被談,判,判的,中,中心,的,的奠,定,定基,礎(chǔ),礎(chǔ)的,過(guò),過(guò)程,擴(kuò),擴(kuò)展,，,，收,縮,縮，,和,和重,新,新排,列,列關(guān),系,系系,統(tǒng),統(tǒng)。,按,按照,一,一種,功,功能,的,的方,式,式支,持,持家,庭,庭成,員,員的,進(jìn),進(jìn)入,，,，出,口,口，,和,和發(fā),展,展,Lifecyclechangesrequirea,secondorder,change.,命周,期,期改,變,變要,求,求“,第,第二,個(gè),個(gè)命,令,令改,變,變”,。,。,TwoCautions:,兩個(gè),警,警告,Arigidapplicationofpsychologicalideastothe,“,“normal”lifecyclecanhaveadetrimentaleffectifitpromotesanxiousself-scrutinythatraisesfearsthatdeviatingfromthenormsispathological.,“,正?！?生,生命周,期,期如果,它,它促進(jìn),提,提高偏,離,離標(biāo)準(zhǔn),是,是病理,的,的的懼,怕,怕的焦,慮,慮自我,詳,詳細(xì)審,查,查，心,理,理的想,法,法的嚴(yán),格,格的應(yīng),用,用能有,一,一種有,害,害的結(jié),果,果。,Overemphasizingthe uniquenessofthe“bravenewworld,”,”faced by eachnew generation,cancreateasenseofhistorical discontinuitybydevaluing therole of parenthoodand renderingmeaninglesstherelationship betweengenerations.,過(guò)度強(qiáng),調(diào),調(diào)特殊,”,”新的,世,世界的,勇,勇士”,臉,臉每一,個(gè),個(gè)新的,產(chǎn),產(chǎn)生，,傳,傳遞父,母,母的個(gè),人,人的狀,態(tài),態(tài)的角,色,色貶值,并,并且使,與,與每一,代,代的關(guān),系,系不較,有,有意義,的,的關(guān)系,6 StagesOfTheIntact Middle-ClassAmericanFamilyLifeCycle,家庭生,命,命周期,的,的,6,個(gè)階段,1.TheLaunching of theSingleYoungAdult,單一的,年,年輕成,年,年人的,啟,啟動(dòng),2.The JoiningofFamiliesThroughMarriage:TheCouple,家庭的,加,加入通,過(guò),過(guò)婚姻,：,：夫,婦,婦,3.Becoming Parents:Familieswith Young Children,成為父,母,母：,帶,帶有年,輕,輕孩子,的,的家庭,4.TheTransformationofthe FamilySysteminAdolescence,家庭系,統(tǒng),統(tǒng)的轉(zhuǎn),換,換在青,春,春期中,5.FamiliesatMid-life:LaunchingChildrenandMoving On,中間生,活,活的家,庭,庭：,在,在上發(fā),動(dòng),動(dòng)孩子,和,和活動(dòng),6.The FamilyinLaterLife,在較稍,后,后的生,活,活中的,家,家庭,TheLaunching of theSingle Young Adult,單一的,年,年輕成,年,年人的,啟,啟動(dòng),Adequatecompletion of thisstagerequiresthattheyoungadultseparatefromthefamily of originwithout cuttingoff or fleeingreactivelytoa substituteemotional refuge.Thisisatime to formulatelife goals andbecomea,“,“self”.,這個(gè)階,段,段的充,分,分的完,成,成要求,年,年輕成,年,年人把,與,與起源,的,的家庭,分,分開沒(méi),有,有把反,應(yīng),應(yīng)切斷,或,或者逃,離,離到一,種,種替代,品,品情緒,的,的避難,所,所。這,是,是闡明,生,生活目,標(biāo),標(biāo)的一,時(shí),時(shí)間并,且,且成為,一,一“自,我,我”。,Inthepastthis phase wasdeniedtowomeninAmericansociety.,在過(guò)去,這,這個(gè)階,段,段被否,認(rèn),認(rèn)達(dá)到,美,美國(guó)人,社,社會(huì)中,的,的婦女,Cutoffs(Bowen,1978)neverresolveemotionalrelationshipsandthatyoungadultswho cutofftheirparentsdosoreactively andareinfactstillemotionallyboundtoratherthanindependentofthefamily“program”.,近路,(Bowen,，,1978),從不解,決,決切斷,他,他們的,父,父母并,且,且是事,實(shí),實(shí)上的,情,情緒的,關(guān),關(guān)系和,那,那年輕,成,成年人,這,這樣做,反,反應(yīng)仍,然,然情緒,上,上跳躍,到,到而非,不,不依賴,于,于家庭,“,“計(jì)劃,”,”。,Therapy at thisstageofteninvolvescoachingyoungadults to reengage withtheirparentsina newwaythataccomplishesthe shifting of their statusinthesystem.,這個(gè)階,段,段的療,法,法經(jīng)常,包,包括輔,導(dǎo),導(dǎo)年輕,成,成年人,與,與他們,的,的父母,按,按照完,成,成變換,他,他們的,系,系統(tǒng)中,的,的狀態(tài),的,的一種,新,新的方,式,式再?gòu)?事,事,TheJoiningofFamiliesThrough Marriage:The Couple,家庭的,加,加入通,過(guò),過(guò)婚姻,：,：夫,婦,婦,Marriagetendstobemisunderstood as ajoiningoftwoindividuals.What it reallyrepresents is thechangingoftwoentire systemsand aoverlappingtodevelopa third subsystem.,婚姻,的,的概,念,念作,為,為加,入,入兩,個(gè),個(gè)個(gè),體,體錯(cuò),誤,誤地,被,被理,解,解。,它,它確,實(shí),實(shí)代,表,表的,東,東西,兩,兩個(gè),整,整個(gè),的,的系,統(tǒng),統(tǒng)的,和,和重,疊,疊發(fā),展,展第,三,三個(gè),子,子系,統(tǒng),統(tǒng),Problemsreflectingtheinabilitytoshiftfamilystatusareusuallyindicatedbydefectiveboundariesaroundthenewsubsystem.In-lawsmaybetoointrusiveorcouplesmaycutthemselvesofftootightly.,變換,家,家庭,狀,狀態(tài),反,反映,無(wú),無(wú)能,為,為力,的,的問(wèn),題,題通,常,常在,新,新的,子,子系,統(tǒng),統(tǒng)周,圍,圍被,有,有缺,點(diǎn),點(diǎn)的,邊,邊界,表,表明,。,。姻,親,親可,能,能是,太,太侵,入,入的,或,或者,夫,夫婦,可,可能,太,太嚴(yán),緊,緊地,切,切割,他,他們,自,自己,Itisusefulatthisstagetohelpthesystemtomovetoanewdefinitionofitself(secondorderchange)ratherthangetlostinthedetailsofincrementalshiftstheymaybestrugglingover(sex,money,timeetc.),它是,有,有用,在,在這,個(gè),個(gè)幫,助,助系,統(tǒng),統(tǒng)移,動(dòng),動(dòng)到,自,自己,第,第二,命,命令,的,的一,個(gè),個(gè)新,的,的定,義,義的,階,階段,BecomingParents:FamilieswithYoungChildren,成為,父,父母,：,：,帶,帶有,年,年輕,孩,孩子,的,的家,庭,庭,Theshifttothisstagerequiresthatadultsnowmoveupagenerationtobecomecaretakerstoayoungergeneration.,對(duì)于,這,這個(gè),階,階段,的,的變,換,換要,求,求成,年,年人,現(xiàn),現(xiàn)在,移,移動(dòng),上,上產(chǎn),生,生成,為,為對(duì),年,年輕,一,一代,的,的管,理,理員,Typically problems occurwhen parents cannotmake this shiftandstruggle with eachother abouttaking responsibility,or refusal orinability to behaveasparentsof theirchildr