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1、單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,,第二級(jí),,第三級(jí),,第四級(jí),,第五級(jí),,,,*,Grammar,,The use of “,it,”,it,作代詞,,一,. it,作形式主語,,二,. It,作形式賓語,,三,. it,特殊句型,,四,. it,常用的固定搭配,,,,,2.,It,is no good smoking.,3.,It,is likely that he will become addicted,,to it,.,1.,It,is bad to smoke.,一、,it,用作形式主語,用以平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，用,it,來替代作主語的,從句、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞，,而

2、把真正作主語的從句、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞置于句尾。,,對(duì)于我們來說，努力學(xué)習(xí)英語很必要。,,It is necessary ____us to,work hard on English.,for,,你把真相說出來了，真誠(chéng)實(shí)。,,It is honest ___you to tell me the truth.,of,To work hard on English,is necessary,for,us,.,You are honest,to tell me the truth.,,,It’s + adj,+,of / for,sb. to do sth,（,1,）,It is adj.,for,

3、,sb.to do sth,.,,It is illegal for him to drive a car without a license,.,1.,替代作主語的,動(dòng)詞不定式,此處,adj.,通常為,描述事件的形容詞,：,easy,，,difficult,，,hard,，,tough,，,necessary,，,unnecessary,，,possible,，,impossible,，,likely,，,unlikely,，,right,，,wrong,，,important,，,unimportant,，,legal,，,illegal,，,polite,，,impolite,，,cle

4、ar,，,obvious,，,certain,，,suitable,，,proper,，,fit,，,useful,，,useless,，,dangerous…,,,To drive a car without a license is illegal for him.,,（,2,）,It is adj.,of,sb. to do sth,.,,It's kind of you to help me with the problem.,,,,此處,adj.,通常為,描述人的形容詞,：,kind,，,unkind,，,nice,，,rude,，,cruel,，,selfless,，,though

5、tful,，,thoughtless,，,careful,，,careless,，,silly,，,foolish,，,stupid,，,clever,，,wise,，,crazy, generous, etc.,You are kind,to help me with the problem.,1.,替代作主語的,動(dòng)詞不定式,,It is,no good/no use/ useless,doing …,,It is,(well) worth,doing …,,It is,a waste of money/ time/ energy,doing…,,It‘s,(well) worthwhile

6、,doing/,to do,…,,It’s,great fun,doing…,2. It,替代作主語的動(dòng)名詞的常見句型,It's no use crying over spilt milk.,,,覆水難收,3. it,作形式主語替代主語從句,,It is amazing that,at my age I’m still fit,,enough to cycle 20 km in an afternoon.,,,,,It is obvious that,James’ grandpa lives a,,very active and healthy life.,,,,It is still a q

7、uestion whether,we will hold,,the meeting as planned.,①,It is adj. +clause,(important, vital, necessary, surprising,,,amazing, natural, ridiculous, unbelievable, etc),said,,reported,,believed,,It is thought that ...,,,known,,told,,hoped,“,據(jù)說（據(jù)報(bào)道,…,）”,②,It is v-ed that…,= sb./sth,. is v-ed

8、to …,It is said that he has gone abroad for further education.,=,He is said to,have gone abroad for further education.,③,It is + noun +,從句,a pity,,a shame,,It is an honor that ...,,a fact,,a surprise,,no wonder,,common sense,,It is a pity that he (should) miss such a good chance.,,It is a pity

9、 that he is ill and will miss such a good chance.,(a shame, a pity),1.I,think,,it,no use arguing with him.,,2.I,found,,it,very interesting to study English.,,3.He,made,it,a rule,that after supper he,,would walk his dog for half an hour.,,4.I hate,it,when it rains.,,5.I enjoy,it,if you can help me.,二

10、、,it,作形式賓語,常用的動(dòng)詞有,think, believe, make, find,,,consider, feel,,enjoy, hate,等,1.It is/ was+,被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分,+,that/who,+,句子其他部分,,2.It takes sb … to do sth,,3.It is one’s turn to do sth,,4.It,is,the first/second time that sb,,have/has done,…,,It,was,the first/second time that sb.,had done…,,5.It seems/ looks/ a

11、ppears that/ as if …,,6.It hit/ struck/ occurred to sb,that …,,7.It’s up to sb,to do …,,8.It is/ was +,時(shí)間段,+ since …,,9.It was/ will be +,時(shí)間段,+before…,,10.I would appreciate it if …,,11.It’s (high) time that sb.,過去式,/should do…,,,,,三,. it,特殊句型,It is (was)+,被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分,+ that (who) +,句子其他部分,,判斷方法？,（一）強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的

12、強(qiáng)調(diào)部分必須是對(duì),that / who,之后句子的某一成分表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，如果把“,It is (was)...that ”,去掉，該句應(yīng)該意思完整，不缺任何句子成分：,,1.Is it __ who wants to see you?,,A. him B. he C. his D. himself,,,B,2.It was __ who respected all their teachers.,A. them B. their C. they D. themselves,,C,3.- Who is Mary ?- Was it __ that you refer

13、red to ?,A. he B. she C. her D. they,,,C,強(qiáng)調(diào)部分如果是人稱代詞，應(yīng)根據(jù)句子需要選擇它的主格或賓格形式,,1.It ___ Mike and Mary who helped the old,,man several days ago .,A. was B. are C. were D. had been,,2.It ___ at Christmas that John Smith gave,,Mary a handbag.,A. must have B. will be,,C. mi

14、ght have been D. may have had,,,注意謂語動(dòng)詞形式與整個(gè)句子語境的一致性,,C,A,（二）強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為疑問詞時(shí)：,1.___ electricity plays an important part in our daily life ?,A. Why was it that B. Why is it that,,C. Why is it D. Why it is that,,B,2.Who was it __ wanted to see me just now?,A. that B. why C. when

15、 D. when,,A,3.__ you met the foreigner from Canada ?,A. Where it was that B. Who it was that C. Where was it that D. Where was that,,,C,強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為疑問代詞或疑問副詞時(shí)，該強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型結(jié)構(gòu)與特殊疑問句句型相同，即：“疑問詞,+,一般疑問句”,,,（三）被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為," not until ",句型：,,1.It was,not until,late in the evening ___ her husband arrived home .,A. whic

16、h B. when C. that D. how,,,,,C,2.It was,not until,1920 __ regular radio broadcasts began.,A. which B. when C. that D. since,,,C,,Her husband did,n’t,arrive home,until,late in the evening.,,,,,,The regular radio broadcasts did,n’t,begin,until,1920.,,,,注意 “,not ... until ”,句型的變化。,,比較下列

17、三個(gè)句子,：,,,1.She,didn't,remember her appointment with the doctor,until,she had arrived home.,,,強(qiáng)調(diào)句,,2.It was,,not until,,she had arrived home that she remembered her appointment with the doctor.,,,3.Not until,she had arrived home,did,she remember her appointment with the doctor.,,,,,3.Not until,,,I,di

18、dn’t,realize she was a famous film star,,until,she took off her dark glasses.,,,1) Not until,,,,,2) It was,,not until,she took off her dark,,glasses,that,I realized she was a famous,,film star.,,,she took off her dark glasses,,,did I realize,she was a famous film star.,,改為強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu),1.The meeting will not

19、 begin until everyone is seated,.,,It is,not until everyone is seated,that,the meeting will begin.,Why,is it that,he came late for the meeting?,,2.Why did he come late for the meeting?,,3.How did you find his house?,,How,was it that,you found his house?,1.It is/ was+,被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分,+t,hat/who,+,句子其他部分,,2.It

20、takes sb … to do sth,,3.It is one’s turn to do sth,,4.It,is,the first/second time that sb,,have/has done,…,,It,was,the first/second time that sb.,had done…,,5.It seems/ looks/ appears that/ as if …,,6.It hit/ struck/ occurred to sb,that …,,7.It’s up to sb,to do …,,8.It is/ has been+,時(shí)間段,+ since …,,9

21、.It was/ will be +,時(shí)間段,+before…,,10.I would appreciate it if …,,11.It’s (high) time that …,,,,,四,. it,特殊句型,9. It was/will be +,時(shí)間段,+ before,從句,(,一段時(shí)間,),后,…,就,/,才,…,,It,was some time,before,he could speak.,,It,was not long,before,I realized my mistake.,1.I hate ___ when people talk with their mouths

22、full.,,it B. that C. these D. them,,2.In which play is ___ your brother will appear?,,that where B. this when,,C. it that D. it where,,3. ___ the harder you work, the better result you’ll get.,,A. It’s believed that,,B. What we believed that,,C. It’s fact D. What the

23、 fact is,A,C,A,,4.Nothing can stop us, ___?,,can’t it B. can it C. can’t we D. can we,,5.-Can you tell us how the war was won in the end ?,,- I don’t know, ___.,,It’s hard to say B. It doesn’t matter,,C.It’s no use saying D.It,depends on the work,,6.Does ___ matter a lot whether she will come

24、 here by bus or by taxi?,,the thing B. that C. it D. her mother,A,C,B,10. ___ now pretty late, we took candles and went upstairs.,,A.Being,B. For C. For being D. It being,,11.Our food and service are better than _____ used to be.,,it B. we C. they D. them,,12.The teacher told the s

25、tudents ____.,,A.why to learn English important,,B.why was it important to learn English,,C.why it important to learn English,,D.why it was important to learn English,,D,C,D,,13.The TV sets made in China are much better than ______ in Japan.,,that B. those C. them D. it,,,14.-I’m looking f

26、or a flat.,,-Would you like __ with __ garden?,,A.it; the B.it; a C.one; a D.one;the,,,15.___ four years since I joined the Army.,,A.It was B.It is C.There is D.There,was,B,C,B,四、,It,常用的固定搭配,,make it,,（,1,）在口語當(dāng)中相當(dāng)于,succeed,，表示：,成功、做到、說定、趕上、及時(shí)到達(dá),例,,,It's hard to,make it,to the top in show b

27、usiness.,,（,2,）在口語中相當(dāng)于,fix the date for,，表示“約定好時(shí)間”,例,,,—Shall we meet next week,？,,—OK. We just,make it,next Saturday.,2. take it/things easy,,相當(dāng)于,Don‘t worry or don’t hurry.,用來勸告別人，表示“,不要慌，別擔(dān)心，沉住氣”,,Take it easy,！,He will do it well.,,3. It all depends/that all depends,,,在口語中，相當(dāng)于,it hasn‘t been decided yet,，表示,“那得看情況，還沒有定下來”,,—Are you going to the countryside for holiday,？,,—It/That all depends.,,4. It's up to sb.,,,在口語中，相當(dāng)于,it's decided by sb.,表示“,由,……,決定，由,……,負(fù)責(zé)，取決于,……”,,—Shall we go out for dinner,？,,—It's up to you.,,