Unit 4 EarthquakesTeaching aims and demands:1. Topic: Basic knowledge of earthquakes; how to protect oneself and help the others in disasters 2. Useful words and expressions: earthquake, quake, right away, well (n.) , million , event , pipe, burst, as if, at an end , nation , canal, steam, dirt, ruin, in ruins , suffering, extreme, injure, destroy, brick, dam, track, useless, steel, shock, rescue, trap, electricity, disaster, dig out, bury, mine, miner, shelter, a (great ) number of , title, reporter, bar, damage, frighten, frightened, frightening, congratulation, judge, sincerely, express, outline, headline, cyclist 3. Functions: Talking about past experiences: I will never forget the day when the earthquake took place. The time was 5:15 in the afternoon and I was driving along the road. Sequence 4. Grammar: The attributive clause (I) 由that, which, who, whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句 The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. It was heard in Beijing which is one hundred kilometers away. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.Teaching procedures: Period 1 Step 1. Warming up Ss discuss and answer some questions:1. Which of the following may cause people the greatest damage?A. earthquake B. typhoon C. flood D. drought2. Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. You have time to take only one thing. What will you take? Why?Step 2. Pre-readingSs discuss and answer:1. Do you know what would happen before an earthquake?2. What can we do to keep ourselves safe from an earthquake?3. Do you know anything about Tangshan Earthquake in 1976?Step 3. Reading 1. Skimming and find the answers to the following questions:a. What happened?b. When and where did it happen?2. Ss read again and fill in the following form:Time What happenedBefore the earthquakeWells:Animals:Lights and sound:Water pipes:While the earthquakeHouses, roads and canals:Hard hills of rock:The large city:The people:After the earthquakeHospitals, factories and buildings:The ground:Dams:Railway tracks:Animals:Wells:3. Ss read the whole passage again and get the main ideas of each part:Part 1. The natural signs of a coming earthquakePart 2-3. The damage of the city after the earthquakePart 4. The help to the survivorsStep 4. ComprehendingSs finish Ex 1 and 2 on page 27.Step 5. Assignment1. Surf the internet and get more information about the earthquake.2. Retell the text.Period 2Step 1. Warming up1. Ss share more information about the earthquake.2. Ask some Ss to retell the text by using their own words.Step 2. Language points1. lie lay-lain (v.) : to be, remain or be kept in a certain state 處于某種狀態(tài)The village lay in ruins after the war.These machines have lain idle since the factory closed.2. in ruins: severely damaged or destroyed 毀壞an earthquake left the whole town in ruins.His career is in ruins.3. number (n.): a quantity of people or things 數(shù)目；數(shù)量The number of people applying has increased this year.We were fifteen in number.a number of: a lot ofI have a number of letters to write.A large number of people have applied.4. injure (v.): to hurt oneself/sb./ sth. physically 受傷 He fell off the bicycle and injured his arm.5. reach (v.): to achieve or obtain sth. 達(dá)成；達(dá)到；獲得 Youll understand it when you reach my age.At last we reached a decision.6. rescue (n.): an act of rescuing or being rescued 搭救；解救 A rescue team is trying to reach the trapped mines. Rescue (v.): to save or set free from harm, in danger, or loss 解救；救出 The rescued the man from drowning.7. trap(v.): in a place from which one wants to escape but cannot 困??；陷于絕境 They were trapped in the burning hotel.8. all not = not all: some but not all 一些；但不是全部 Not all the girls left.=Only some of them left early. Not all the children are noisy.=Some of the children are not noisy.全部否定應(yīng)用: none of None of us were allowed to go there. None of these reports is very helpful.Step 3. learning about language1. Ss finish Ex 1,2 and 3 on page 27 and 28.2. Teacher checks the answer and give the Ss some help if they have some difficulty.Step 4. assignment 1. Finish Wb.Ex.1 on page 63.2. Ss try to remember the useful words and expressions by hearts.Period 3 Step 1. Warming up Ss read the passage again and try to find the sentences with attributive clauses. e.g. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.Step 2. Attributive clause1. Give Ss more sentences and let the Ss to find the structures of the attributive clause.2. Ss do some exercises about how to use that, which, who or whose.3. Ss finish Ex 2 on page 28.Some materials about attributive clause:關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。1）who, whom, that 這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中作主語和賓語。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想見的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天見的那個人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語）2） whose 用來指人或物，（只用作定語, 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人車壞了，大家都跑過去幫忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which） cover is green.請遞給我那本綠皮的書。3）which, that所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等。例如：A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。（which / that在句中作賓語）The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作賓語） Step 3. Using structures1. Ss read the passage on page 64.2. Ss try to complete the sentences by using who, whom, which, that or whose.3. Check the answer and explain any questions that the Ss may ask.Step 4. Assignment 1. Ss learn by heart about how the structures of the attributive clause.2. Ss do some exercises about the attributive clause.Period 4 (reading)Step 1. warming up Ask the Ss: Do you know anything about the earthquake in San Francisco?Step 2. Reading 1. Ss reading the passage and finish Wb. Ex 1 on page 65.2. Ss read the first paragraph in this passage. Then go back and read again the first paragraph of the passage on page 26. Compare the ways both writers give you details about the earthquakes and finish Ex 2 on page 66.3. Listen to the tape and read the third paragraph with feeling.Step 3. listening 1. Ss listen to the tape and finish the exercise 2 on page 62.2. Ss listen to the tape again and then complete the following form:Cause of earthquakesMoving speed of the Pacific plateIn 1906 the Pacific plate suddenly jumpedThe Pacific plate pushes onThe Indian plate pushes onWays of reducing losses from earthquakesPeriod 5 (listening and speaking)Step 1. pre-listeningSs have a discuss about the earthquake in San Francisco in 1906 and answer:1. What happened to the city?2. Whats the result?Step 2. listening 1. Ss read the statement of part 1,on page 31.2. Ss listen to the tape and make their choice.3. Ss listen again and answer the questions of part 3, on page 31.Step 3.talking 1. Ss read the short passage on page 62, and in pairs make up a story to explain how an earthquake happens.2. Share the stories in class.Step 4. listening task1. Ss listen to the tape and write down the three “things” that are mentioned in the passage on page 66.2. Ss listen again and give more detail about each of the “things”.My earthquake plan1st thing I must do:2nd thing I must do:3rd thing I must do:Any other advice you think useful:If you are outside, you should :If you are in the living room, you should :If you are in the house alone, you should :Step 5.talking task1. Ss in pairs, choose eight things from the list on page 67 to put into their personal earthquake bag.2. now join with another pair and discuss your choices. Make another list of items and put them into the following list:my personal earthquake bag will contain:1)._ 2). _ 3). _ 4). _5)._ 6)._ 7). _ 8). _Period 6 (writing)Step 1. Pre-writing 1. Ss read the letter on page 30.2. Ss make a list about the points that they want to write for the speech.Step 2. writing1. Ss write some sentences about their speech.2. Ss write a speech by using the sentences.3. Ss read their writings by themselves and correct the mistakes.4. Peer revising.5. Show some good writing in class.Step 3. Practice Ss finish part 2 on page 30.Step 4. writing task 1. Four Ss in one group have a discuss. They are going to prepare a outline of an article, which is about a special event that happened in their hometown.2. Ss design how many parts they will divide the article.3. Ss begin to write their outline.4. Ss in groups show their outlines in class.Step 5. Assignment Ss in groups finish the project on page 68. Period 7 Teachers can use this period freely.Suggestion: Teachers can use this period to let Ss sum up what they have learned and explain what Ss couldnt understand very well in this unit. Teachers can also add more practice in this period to consolidate what the Ss have learned. Finally, ask the Ss to finish checking yourself on page 61. It is very important to improve their learning.